Invertebrates

1
Chapter 32

• Section 2
• Invertebrates Vertebrates

2
Invertebrate Characteristics

• Adult invertebrates show tremendous amount of
  morphological diversity

3
Symmetry

• Asymmetry- sponge
• Radial- jelly
• Bilateral- motile lifestyle- California sea hare

4
Segmentation

• Segmentation- body composed of repeating similar
  units
• Examples earthworm crayfish

5
Support of the body

• Sponges soft tissue
• Round worms fluid-filled cavities
• Exoskeleton- rigid outer covering that protects
  the soft tissues of many animals, especially
  arthropods

6
Respiratory System

• Animals give off CO2 by a means of gas exchange
• Gills- organs that consist of blood vessels
  surrounded by a membrane and are specialized for
  gas exchange in water

7
Circulatory System

• Moves blood to transport O2 nutrients to cells
• CO2 waste is moved away from cells
• Sponges cnidarians have no circulatory system

8
Circulatory System

• Arthropods have an open-circulatory system-
  circulatory fluid is pumped by the heart through
  vessels and into the body cavity returned to
  the vessels

9
Circulatory System

• Annelids mollusks have a closed circulatory
  system- blood is pumped by a heart and circulates
  through the body in vessels that form a closed
  loop

10
Reproduction

• Sexual asexual reproduction
• Earthworm
• Hermaphrodite- organism that produces both male
  and female gametes, allowing an individual to
  function as both male female

11
Development

• Indirect development- immature form of organism
  that is morphologically different from adult
  stage- Larva
• Direct development- young animal is born or
  hatched with the same appearance as adult- no
  larva stage

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15
Vertebrate Characteristics

• Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds mammals

16
Segmentation body support

• Vertebrate- repeating bony units of the backbone
• Terrestrial vertebrates evolved from aquatic
  vertebrates
• Endoskeleton- internal skeleton made of bone and
  cartilage

17
Body Coverings

• Integument- outer covering of an animal
• What different types of integuments do you know
  of? HINT think of different animals
  environments

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Respiratory

• Lungs- organs for gas exchange composed of moist,
  membranous surfaces deep inside the animals body

20
Circulatory

• Vertebrates have a closed circulatory system with
  a multi-chambered heart
• Multi-chambered heart separates oxygenated and
  deoxygenated blood

21
Digestive

• Digestion occurs in the gut, which runs from the
  mouth to the anus

22
Excretory

• Kidneys- filter wastes from the blood while
  regulating water levels in the body

23
Reproduction

• Fish amphibians- eggs sperm are released
  directly into water
• Reptiles, birds mammals- egg sperm unite in
  body

24
REVIEW!!!

• Identify the function for body coverings.
• Compare the structure of endoskeletons
  exoskeletons.
• How might the segmentation of arthropods help
  them survive?