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ASSIGNMENT AN-522

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Title: ASSIGNMENT AN-522


1
ASSIGNMENT AN-522
  • M. SHEHZAD SARWAR
  • 2006-ag-1003
  • HAFIZ M. ABDULLAH
  • 2006-ag-1221
  • PRESENTED TO Dr. FAROOQ KHALID

2
POULTRY FEED PROCESSING
  • Referes to performing all the operations
    necessary to achieve the maximum potential,
    nutritional value and net return of a feed stuff.
  • Processing involves physical and chemical changes

3
PHYSICAL CHANGES
  • Temperature
  • Pressure
  • Moisture

4
CHEMICAL CHANGES
  • Structural changes
  • Changes in starch structure
  • Increases digestibility

5
PURPOSE OF PROCESSING
  • More profit
  • Alter particle size
  • Change moisture content
  • Change density of feed
  • Change acceptability (pelatability)
  • Change in nutrient content (iron increases)

6
  • More availability of nutrients
  • Detoxification of nutrients
  • Improve keeping quality

7
GRAIN PROCESSING METHODS
  • Mechanical alterations
  • Heat treatment
  • Moisture alterations

8
MECHANICAL ALTERATIONS
  • Dehulling
  • Extruding
  • Grinding
  • Mixing
  • Rolling (Dry rolling or cracking, stream rolling
    or crimping)

9
DEHULLING
  • Removing the outer coat of grain, nutt
  • High fiber content which donot require to poultry
  • Dehulling is done in soybean in cotton seed pea
    nutts and sunflower (all oil seeds)

10
EXTRUDING
  • A process by which feed is pressed, pushed or
    protruded through pressure
  • Forcing the ingredients by steal tube
  • Then pushed in a cone shaped holes

11
GRINDING
  • Process by which feed stuff is reduced in
    particle size by grinder
  • Change digestibility of cellulose and protein
  • Done by hammer mill
  • Screening
  • End product is mash or meal

12
ROLLING
  • To give feed a flat particle
  • By passing feed b/w rollers
  • Dry rolling (crushing) without steam
  • Steam rolling (crimping) steam rolling 1-8 mins

13
HEAT TREATMENT
  • Dry heat processing
  • Micronizing
  • Popping
  • Roasting

14
MICRONIZING
  • Microwaves emitted from infra-red burner _at_ 300 Fo
  • By gas fired infra-red generators
  • Micronized grain are not popped
  • It reduces to about 7 moisture
  • Then rolled to produce a uniform stable dry free
    flowing product
  • Specially done for sorghum

15
POPPING
  • Exploding are puffing out of grains resulting
    from rapid application of dry heat
  • Principle is super hot dry heat _at_ 300-310 F with
    15-20 moisture for 15-120 sec

16
PURPOSE OF POPPING
  • Increase digestibility
  • Disruption of starch granules
  • More palatability
  • Low cost then steam flaking

17
ROASTING
  • Simple heating

18
MOIST HEAT PROCESSING
  • Cooking
  • Exploding
  • Flaking
  • Steam flaking
  • Pelleting
  • Crumbling

19
  • COOKING
  • Applying heat about 300 F
  • EXPLODING
  • Steaming of grain under pressure
  • FLAKING
  • Application of steam on feed for longer time
    under pressure

20
  • Pleasant aroma resembling to cooked cereals
  • Starch readily available

21
  • STEAM FLAKING
  • Steam 15-30 mins, under pressure _at_ 50 Psi for 1-2
    mins
  • With temperature 200-300 F

22
  • PELLETING
  • Is the agglomeration of feed by compacting and
    forcing it through die openings under high
    pressure by mechanical process
  • CRUMBLING
  • Crushing of pellets
  • PACKING

23
Feed Hammer mill
  • The feed hammer crusher (feed hammermill) crushes
    by the collisions between high-speed hammer and
    materiasl, and the hammer crusher (feed
    hammermills) features in its simple structure,
    high reduction ration, high efficiency, etc.

24
Feed Mixer
  • The vertical mixer consists of one or more
    vertical screws which elevate the ingredients to
    the top of the mixer where they fall by gravity
    to the bottom, to be mixed and re-elevated.
  • Horizontal mixers consist of a series of paddles
    or metal ribbon blades mounted on a horizontal
    rotor within a semi-circular trough.

25
Pellet Cooler
  • Coolers/dryers are of two basic types, horizontal
    and vertical.
  • In the horizontal type of cooler/dryer, the
    pellets are conveyed on a perforated steel mesh
    or moving belt through which a cooling air stream
    is passed.
  • In the vertical type of dryer, pellets usually
    fall by gravity into a chamber through which air
    is sucked by a fan.

26
Pellet Crusher
  • A crumbler is a roller mill with rolls specially
    designed for breaking up pellets into smaller
    particles. Usually the crumbler consists of two
    corrugated rolls situated below the cooler/drier
    exit. The pellets can then be diverted into the
    crumbler, if crumbles or granules are desired, or
    they can by-pass it.

27
Pellet Extruder
  • Feeds which have ingredients such as soybean meal
    and cereal grains can be made more digestable,
    and the nutrients are therefore more available.
    Floating feeds are made using extruders along
    with highly water-stable sinking feeds which can
    be made with extruders as well. In some cases,
    extruders are used just to prepare feed
    materials, such as dry extrusion of soybeans.

28
Pellet Sifter
  • The sifter (See picture below) is a means of
    ensuring a good quality product with the right
    particle size and a low level of fines, which are
    wasteful to feed.

29
Pellet Packing Machine
  • For larger scale operations feed will either be
    bulk transport, loading directly onto trucks or
    ships or it will be packed into bags. Packaging
    systems are available in both manual and
    automatic form. For the manual system, the feed
    is deposited into bags positioned on a weighing
    scale, release is done upon a manual gate.

30
Pellet Crusher
  • A crumbler is a roller mill with rolls specially
    designed for breaking up pellets into smaller
    particles. Usually the crumbler consists of two
    corrugated rolls situated below the cooler/drier
    exit. The pellets can then be diverted into the
    crumbler, if crumbles or granules are desired, or
    they can by-pass it.

31
Feed Conveyor
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47
THANKS
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