Membranes and Basic Repairs

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Membranes and Basic Repairs
By Mrs. Sheila Taylor

• We will also talk about where these tissues
  develop from

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Cutaneous Membrane

• Cutis skin
• 2 main layers
• Epidermis- Keratinized stratified squamous
  epithelium
• Dermis thick layer of dense irregular
  connective tissue

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Mucous Membrane

• AKA mucosae
• Lines the body cavities to open to the exterior
  of the body
• The hollow organs of the digestive, respiratory,
  and urogenital tracts
• Lining of the nose, eyes, vagina
• All are wet or moist
• Bathed in secretion or urine
• Are adapted to absorption and secretion

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Serous Membrane

• AKA serosae
• Moist membranes in the closed ventral cavities
• They are moistened by the serous fluid between
  the layer of membranes (the parietal and
  visceral)?
• The three are named after their locations
• Heart - pericardium
• Abdomen - peritoneum
• Lungs - pleura

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Tissue Repair

• 2 major ways to repair
• Regeneration
• Replacement of destroyed tissue with the same
  type of tissue
• Fibrosis
• Replaced with fibrous connective tissue (scar
  tissue)?

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The steps to repair if the epithelium is breached

• Inflammation
• White blood cells, plasma, antibodies seeps into
  the area
• Plasma contains clotting proteins to start
  building clots

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Repair steps con't

• Organization restores the blood supply
• Clot is slowly replaced by granulation tissue
• Granulation tissue is a delicate pink tissue that
  bleeds easily
• Fibroblast produce new collagen fibers that
  bridge the gap
• Macrophages digest original blood clot
• Granulation that becomes scar tissue is highly
  resistant to bacteria

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Repair steps con't

• Regeneration and fibrosis effect permanent repair
• Epithelium cells begin regenerating underneath
  the scab
• As the fibrous tissue matures and contracts the
  epithelium thickens
• Scar tissue can be hidden or visible

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Animation of Tissue repair
Inflammation by Pearson Education
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Different capacity for regeneration

• Easy bone, areolar connective tissue, dense
  irregular tissue, epithelial tissues, and blood
  forming tissues
• moderate smooth muscle and dense regular
  connective tissue
• Hard skeletal muscle, cartilage
• No functional regen Cardiac muscle and nervous
  tissue in brain or spine

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So where did these tissues get their start?

• The three primary germ layers in an infant
• Ectoderm skin, nerves,
• Mesoderm muscles and connective tissues
• Endoderm forms the stomach, liver, lungs, and
  other similar organs

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