Life Science

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Life Science

• Ecology the Environment

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Ecology

• Study of the interactions that take place among
  organisms and their environment.

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Biotic

• Living parts of the environment plants animals
  microorganisms

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Abiotic

• Non-living parts of the environment water, air,
  light, rocks

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Consumer

•  Organism that cannot create energy-rich
  molecules (glucose) but obtains its food by
  eating other organisms

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Producer

• An organism, such as a plant or alga, which
  produces glucose from carbon dioxide by
  photosynthesis and is a source of food for other
  organisms

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Carnivore

• Animals who hunt and eat other animals meat eater

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Omnivore

• An organism that eats both plants and animals

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Herbivore

• An animal that eats plants

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Food Chain

• The relationship between plants and animals that
  shows who eats what. Energy is transferred from
  one organism to another through the food chain

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Food Web

• A model of feeding relationships, describing the
  connections among all food chains within an
  ecosystem

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Energy Pyramid

• A representation of the loss of useful energy at
  each step in a food chain

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Pyramid of Numbers

• Based on the number of organisms needed to make a
  simple food chain. Shows how large populations of
  certain organisms are needed to support very
  small populations of other organisms.

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Symbiosis

• An interactive association between two or more
  species living together may be parasitic,
  commensal, or mutualistic. The relationship
  between two organisms

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Commensalism

• A symbiotic relationship in which one species
  benefits and the other is not affected

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Parasitism

• A form of symbiosis in which the population of
  one species benefits at the expense of the
  population of another species

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Mutualism

• A symbiotic interaction between two species in
  which both derive some benefit

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Competition

• One of the biological interactions that can limit
  population growth occurs when two species vie
  with each other for the same resource

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Population

• All the organisms that belong to the same species
  living in a community

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Community

• All the populations of different species that
  live in an ecosystem

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Habitat

• Place where an organism lives and that provides
  the types of food, shelter, moisture, and
  temperature needed for survival

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Niche

• An organisms place in the ecosystem where it
  lives, what it consumes, what consumes it, and
  how it interacts with all biotic and abiotic
  factors. A unique ecological role of an organism
  in a community.

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Organism

• Any living thing

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Biosphere

• Part of Earth that supports life, including the
  top portion of Earth's crust, the atmosphere, and
  all the water on Earth's surface

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Ecosystem

• All the living organisms that live in an area and
  the nonliving features of their environment

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Limiting Factor

• Anything that can restrict the size of a
  population, including living and nonliving
  features of an ecosystem, such as predators or
  drought

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Carrying Capacity

• Largest number of individuals of a particular
  species that an ecosystem can support over time

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Biotic Potential

• The maximum reproductive rate of an organism,
  given unlimited resources and ideal environmental
  conditions

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Exponential Growth

• Growth of a population without any constraints
  therefore, the population will grow at an
  ever-increasing rate

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Photosynthesis

• The chemical reaction in which green plants
  combine water and carbon dioxide in the presence
  of sunlight to form glucose and oxygen

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Predator

• An animal that kills and eats other animals

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Prey

• An animal that is killed and eaten by another
  animal