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The Growth of the Ottoman Empire

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The Growth of the Ottoman Empire 1300 - 1683 Ottoman Beylik, 1300 Beyliks were small emirates (Muslim principalities) goverened by Beys (lords). Ghazi warriors ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Growth of the Ottoman Empire


1
The Growth of the Ottoman Empire
  • 1300 - 1683

2
Ottoman Beylik, 1300
  • Beyliks were small emirates (Muslim
    principalities) goverened by Beys (lords).
  • Ghazi warriors (Persians and Turks) attacked the
    weakening Byzantine Empire in an attempt to
    spread Islam
  • The Beylik of Osmanoglu became the center of what
    would become the Ottoman Empire

3
Beyliks
4
1300 - 1359
  • Osman I annexed the Beylik of Karesi
  • Osman means bone-breaker
  • Given the nickname Osman Kara or Osman the
    Black meaning he reached the highest degree of
    manly beauty.
  • Declared himself the ruler of the Ottoman Empire

5
1359 - 1451
  • Ottomans defeated by Tamerlane at the Battle of
    Ankara in 1402. Ottoman territories were divided
    among three rulers
  • Mehmed I ruler of Amasya defeated the rulers of
    Bursa and Rumelia, uniting them all under his
    rule
  • Made gains in Albania and Hungary

6
Mehmed II1451 - 1481
  • Took the throne at the age of 12, dethroned by a
    crusade launched by the Pope, the Byzantine
    Empire, and Hungary
  • Conquered Constantinople in 1451, ending the
    Byzantine Empire
  • Asian conquests include Anatolia
  • European conquests include Greece and Belgrade

7
Mehmed II Enters Constantinople
8
Selim I1512 - 1520
  • Dethroned his father and executed his brothers
    and nephews
  • Annexed Syria, Palestine, and Egypt after the
    Battle of Chaldiran
  • Named himself the Caliph of Islam (Commander of
    the Faithful)

9
Suleiman the Magnificient1520 1566
  • Belgrade, Rhodes, Hungary, Vienna, North Africa,
    Algeria added to the Empire by Suleiman I
  • Also known as Suleiman the Lawgiver because he
    put a new system of laws into place
  • A poet and a patron of the arts

10
1566 - 1683
  • The size of the Empire and the constant strain of
    war begin to take their toll
  • Weaker Sultans also weaken the Empire
  • Westward growth finally stopped at the Second
    Siege of Vienna (1683)
  • Empire begins to reform and solidify its control
    of the territory

11
Second Siege of Vienna
12
Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire
  • The Ottoman Empire fought with the Central Powers
    in World War I
  • The Treaty of Lausanne divided the Ottoman world
    into possessions of the Allies
  • Syria and Lebanon became French mandates
  • Mesopotamia and Palestine became British mandates
  • Resistance movements finally led to an
    independent Turkey

13
British Mandates
14
New Map
15
Letter to the Editor
  • After approximately three centuries of domination
    by the Turks, the European powers have decided to
    create new countries out of the old Ottoman
    Empire. You and your ethnic group are looking
    forward to having your own country. Write a
    letter to the editor of the Turkish Times
    discussing your hopes and your expectations for
    self-governance.
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