Brain

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Brain

• Module 11 and 12

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Three Major Divisions

• Hindbrain
• Base of brain
• Coordinates basic body functions
• Midbrain
• Located above hindbrain
• Very small in humans
• Coordinates simple movements with sensory
  information
• Forebrain
• Most sophisticated
• Allows for complex thoughts and behaviors unique
  to humans

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Hindbrain

• Brainstem
• Base of brain at top of spinal cord
• Functions
• Auto survival functions
• Sends and receives information
• Severe Damage to brainstem results in death

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Hindbrain

• Cerebellum
• Behind the brainstem underneath brain
• Means little brain looks like a mini brain
  attached to the brainstem
• Functions
• Balance and coordination
• Fine motor movements
• Procedural memory

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Hindbrain

• Pons
• Above the medulla on the brainstem and below the
  thalamus
• Function
• Sleep and arousal
• Dreams
• Facial expressions

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Hindbrain

• Medulla (med-you-la)
• Below the pons on the brainstem
• Functions
• Heartbeat, breathing, digestion
• Reflexes
• Sneezing, coughing, vomiting, swallowing

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Midbrain

• Reticular Activating System
• Network of nerves running vertically through the
  brainstem to the thalamus
• Functions
• Arousal to stimuli
• Sleep
• Attentiveness
• Filters and relays info to the thalamus
• Damage to this area causes one to go into a coma

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Midbrain

• Basal Ganglia
• Midbrain and forebrain
• Functions
• Smooth voluntary body movements
• Cell damage from to much dopamine disrupts
  movement Parkinsons disease

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Forebrain

• Thalamus
• 2 connected egg structures located at top of the
  brainstem
• Functions
• Sensory info EXCEPT for smell
• Ex. Send sound signals to the temporal lobes

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Forebrain

• Limbic System
• Bagel-shaped group of structures between the
  brainstem and the cerebral cortex
• Functions
• Learning
• Memory
• Emotion
• Basic drives

• 3 Parts
• HAH
• Hippocampus
• Amygdala
• Hypothalamus

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Limbic System

• H Hippocampus
• Processes conscious memories
• A Amygdala
• Connected to emotion
• H Hypothalamus
• Oversees drinking, eating, and body temp
• Rewards center