Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery

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Fostering RTD in the maritime periphery
Dr. Eng.Gonzalo MOLINA IGARTUA Head of
Unit Management of Energy RTD programmes CPMR
WORKING GROUP SEMINAR ENERGY FOR THE
PERIPHERY PAMPLONA 5-6 OCTOBER 2006
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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RD European weaknesses
EU-25 US Japan
RD intensity ( of GDP) (3) 1.97 2.59 3.12
Share of RD financed by industry () (2) 55.9 63.1 73.9
Researchers per thousand labour force (FTE) (3) 5.5 9.0 9.7
Share of world scientific publications () (3) 38.3 31.1 9.6
Scientific publications per million population (3) 639 809 569
Share of world triadic patents () (1) 31.5 34.3 26.9
Patents per million population (1) 30.5 53.1 92.6
High-tech exports as a share of total manufacturing exports () (3) 19.7 28.5 26.5
Share of world high-tech exports () (2) 16.7 20.0 10.6
Note (1) 2000 data (2) 2002 data (3) 2003 data
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Whats new in FP7?

• Main new elements compared to FP6
• Annual budget increased
• - for non nuclear energy total 2264 M 320
  M/year
• Simplification of procedures
• Logistical and administrative tasks transferred
  to external structures

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Specific Programmes
FP7 2007 -2013
Cooperation Collaborative research
Ideas Frontier Research
People Human Potential
Capacities Research Capacity

JRC (non-nuclear)
JRC (nuclear)
Euratom
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Cooperation Collaborative research

• 9 Thematic Priorities
• Health
• Food, agriculture and biotechnology
• Information and communication technologies
• Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new
  production technologies
• Energy
• Environment (including climate change)
• Transport (including aeronautics and maritime)
• Socio-economic sciences and the humanities
• Security and space
• Euratom Fusion energy research, nuclear
  fission and radiation protection

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Cooperation Collaborative research

• Under each theme there will be sufficient
  flexibility to address both Emerging needs and
  Unforeseen policy needs
• Dissemination of knowledge and transfer of
  results will be supported in all thematic areas
• Support will be implemented across all themes
  through

Collaborative research (Collaborative projects
Networks of Excellence Coordination/support
actions)
Joint Technology Initiatives
Coordination of non-Community research
programmes (ERA-NET ERA-NET Article 169)
International Cooperation
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Joint Technology Initiatives
Global Monitoring for Environment and Security
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells for a Sustainable
Energy Future
Aeronautics and Air Transport
Towards new Nanoelectronics Approaches
Innovative Medicines for the Citizens of Europe
Embedded systems
Other possible themes to be identified later
More on Technology platforms and JTI
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5. Energy
OBJECTIVE Transforming the current fossil-fuel
based energy system into a more sustainable one
based on a diverse portfolio of energy sources
and carriers combined with enhanced energy
efficiency, to address the pressing challenges of
security of supply and climate change, whilst
increasing the competitiveness of Europes energy
industries.
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5. Energy
More on Energy
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CIP and the renewed Lisbon

• A more attractive place to invest and work
• Knowledge and innovation are the beating
• heart of European growth
• Allowing our businesses to create more and
• better jobs

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Complementarities between FP7 and CIP
FP7-RTD CIP
Funding of projects Research, technological development and demonstration Take-up of proven technologies environmental, ICT and Energy-efficiency
SMEs participation in Research Simplification Definition of thematic content Specific schemes for SMEs Actions promoting SMEs participation in FP7
Access to finance  Risk Sharing Finance Facility  for large European RTD projects and infrastructures (with EIB) Risk capital (start-up and expansion) SMEs Guarantee facility SMEs loan securitisation
Dissemination of knowledge Within projects In thematic areas Networks providing innovation support services
Regions Research driven clusters Innovation clusters
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Intelligent Energy Projects in the CIP

• Promotion and Dissemination, incl. awareness
  raising, education/training, networking, energy
  agencies, strategic studies for
  preparation/review of legislation, monitor
  implementation of regulatory framework
• Market Replication of just-proven technologies of
  European interest, bridging the gap between the
  demonstration and the mass deployment of
  innovative technologies
• management assisted by
• Intelligent Energy Executive Agency

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The relation between community instruments
Research Policy Development of new technologies
Energy Policy To solve problems and needs of
society
DG RTD
DG TREN
Market
COST OF RES ECOBUILDINGS CONCERTOCIVITAS ALTERNAT
IVE FUELS POLYGENERATION
LEGISLATION
IEE
Dissemination
Research and Development
Demonstration
Long term
Short term
Medium term
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General Directorate for Energy and Transport
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INNOVATION IN CIVITAS/ECO-BUILDINGS/CONCERTO

• Innovative integration of known and advanced
  and/or improved technologies in order to help to
  solve the problems and needs of society in
  relation with energy

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Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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SOLAR ENERGY
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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FP5 (1998-2002) Results

• PHOTOVOLTAICS 100 projects launched in Europe
• 40 projects in the S/M term
• Total cost 150 M
• EC contribution 45 M
• 60 projects in the M/L term
• Total cost 135 M
• EC contribution 65 M
• SOLAR THERMAL POWER
• 3 Major multi-MW demonstration S/M projects
• Total cost 300 M
• EC contribution of 15 M
• A number of projects in the M/L term domain
• EC contribution of 10 M

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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FP6 (2002-2006) Results

• PHOTOVOLTAICS (S/M M/L)
• 28 new projects launched EC contribution 99,5 M

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Photovoltaic Technology Platform

• The PV Technology Platform is operational
• 4 Working groups and Steering committee in place
• Interested parties in the PV sector to work
  together on a longer term basis
• Expected Impact of Platform
• Raise overall RTD investment promoting
  public/private partnership
• Address obstacles for deployment and accelerate
  market penetration
• Achieve coherent and consistent policy and
  regulatory framework in the EU

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Photovoltaic module price decrease history

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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WIND ENERGY

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
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Wind Energy in Europe

• Global wind power capacity has grown to over
  50,000MW by mid-2005. Europe represents 73 of
  total installed capacity.
• In 2004, European companies had a market share of
  80 of the 8 billion market for wind turbines.

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
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Europe as Wind Energy world leader

• Europe has
• 80 global manufacturing share
• 70 annual and cumulative market
• Annual market value of 7bn
• 72 capacity in 2 countries
• 75,000 jobs
• Generates 2.8 EU electricity
• By 2010 wind is predicted to
• Annual electricity generation of 167 TWh,
  equivalent to 5.5 of European electricity
  demand, (34m people)
• 28 of all new installed generation capacity
• 10.6 of overall generation capacity
• Deliver 50 of the Renewable Directive target
• Meet gt30 of the EU Kyoto Protocol commitment
• Cumulative CO2 savings of 523m
• Avoid 13 billion imported fuel costs,
• Avoid 10-25 billion external costs

WIND POWER INSTALLED IN EUROPE BY END OF 2005
(CUMULATIVE)
EU 40,504 MWACCESSION COUNTRIES 28 MWEFTA
COUNTRIES 279 MW
Finland82
Sweden500
Norway267
Iceland0
Estonia30
Faroe Islands 4
Latvia26
Rep. Of Ireland495.5
Denmark3,122
Lithuania7
UK1,353
Netherlands1,219
Germany18,428
Poland73
Belgium167
Luxembourg35
Czech Republic26
Ukraine82
Slovakia5
Switzerland11.6
Austria819
Hungary17
France757
Romania1.4
Croatia6
Spain10,027
Portugal1,022
Slovenia 0
Bulgaria1
Italy1,717
Turkey20
Greece573
Cyprus0
Malta0
Source EWEA
Note Due to previous-year adjustments, project
decomissioning of 50 MW, and rounding, the 2005
end-of-year cumulative capacity total does not
exactly match the year-end 2004 total plus the
2005 additions.
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European Onshore / OffshoreWind Energy today
  2004 2004 2005 2005 2010 (forecast) 2010 (forecast)
             
  Installed capacity (MW) Installed capacity (MW) Installed capacity (MW)
             
             
Onshore 33.781 98,28 39.824 98,32 65.000 86,67
Offshore 590 1,72 680 0,02 10.000 13,33
             
Total 34.371 100 40.504 100 75.000 100

• End 2005, offshore wind was 1,68 of total
  installed wind power capacity, but generated
  3,11 of electricity from wind energy
• End 2005, Denmark (398 MW), U.K. (214 MW),
  Ireland (25 MW), Sweden (23,3 MW) and the
  Netherlands (18 MW) had operating offshore wind
  farms.

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Offshore Wind Energy

• There remain big unexploited wind resources
  onshore but the offshore potential is greater
  still
• Latest projections from the European Commission
  suggest that wind power in Europe could reach a
  total of 70.000 MW by 2010 incl. 14.000 MW
  offshore
• Looking further ahead, the European Wind Energy
  Association has adopted a target for a total of
  180.000 MW to be reached in 2020, of which 70.000
  MW would be located offshore
• The development of the offshore wind energy
  production is an opportunity for industry, it
  increases diversity and security of electricity
  supply, and it will help reach the Commission
  targets for renewables and for reduction of
  greenhouse gases emissions.

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FP6 DOWNVInD Project the flagship project
for offshore wind energy development in Europe

• New world records have been broken as the
  machines are the first wind turbines in
  international waters, the furthest from shore (25
  km), the biggest (5 MW) and in the deepest water
  (42 m)

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CHALLENGES IN WIND ENERGY

• Growing markets Larger machines for optimal
  exploitation of the wind potential. High
  penetration levels of wind require short-term
  production forecasts
• Emerging markets Off-shore Large machines with
  highest reliability to reduce infrastructure and
  maintenance costs. Cost effective foundations and
  grid-connection.
• New Member States Setting-up of an industry and
  a support infrastructure, creating confidence,
  develop framework conditions

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
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BIOMASS
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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BIOMASS ACTION PLAN MAIN COMPONENTS
Functioning solid biofuels European market
including international trade
Current use and future potential, land
availability, food other industrial needs
Power 35 Mtoe/a by 2010
Heat/ Cooling 27 Mtoe/a by 2010
Trans-port 18 Mtoe/a by 2010
Total 80 Mtoe by 2010
Strategic research agenda FP7
Socio-economic issues and proper approach to the
EU citizen
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Biomass Action Plan outputs COM 2005 628 Final

• In total more than 30 specific measures proposed
  to stimulate the Bioenergy market and distributed
  under five areas ( Details in Annex 1)
• - Biomass Heating
• - Biomass for Electricity generation
• - Transport Biofuels
• - Cross cutting issues
• - Research

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Biomass Action Plan outputs COM 2005 628 Final

• Cross cutting issues (some main issues)
• - Encourage MSs to develop BAPs
• - Prepare Forest Action Plan (E use),
• - Develop spot market for pellets/ chips
• - Review waste/ by-products legislation for use
  of clean fuels (SRF, animal by-products)
• Research FP7( bio-refinery,second generation
  biofuels, technology platforms, optimisation raw
  materials/ conversion processes)

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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EU Forest - Wood resources Barriers to overcome

• Fragmented ownership and bad cooperation
• (65 private ownership)
• Limited market for small sized wood
• Competition from existing uses of wood
• Lack of steady policy stable market conditions
• Conservative forest management

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Conceptual-Technologicalbreakthrough in BM

• Biological processes
• digestion (aerobic/ anaerobic) mature
• Thermochemical processes
• Combustion/ co-combustion mature
• Gasification high expectation (synthetic
• Biofuels), still to solve (ash melting, fouling/
• Cleaning gases (tars))
• Flash Pyrolysis bio-oil ( technical as gasif.)

Source EUROSTAT
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Renewable fuel production in FP7

• POTENTIAL FIELDS OF ACTIVITY ???
• Innovative improvements in the production of
  first-generation of biofuels
• From sugar rich crops and from starch
• From oil crops, animal tallow and used cooking
  oil
• From high moisture biomass
• Production of second generation of liquid
  biofuels for transport
• Ethanol from lignocellulosics
• Synthetic biofuels via gasification
• Hydrogenation of oils
• Pyrolisis followed by hydrogenation
• Biorefineries
• Use in fleets of biofuels
• Socioeconomic research

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
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Promotion of associated technological
breakthrough in geothermal energy

• The following areas are the focus of RD in the
  European Union
• hot Dry Rock Heat Power Production and
  Demonstration
• improving ground heat exchangers / ground source
  heat pumps techn.
• 100 remote controlled geothermal systems
• power generation from low enthalpy resources
• geothermal absorption cooling applications
• exploration of geothermal resources (integrated
  geology, geochemistry, geophysics, drilling,
  reservoir rock fluid properties, heat flow
  stored heat estimation)
• new power cycles and power plants optimisation

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Ocean Energy Technology
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Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Types of ocean energy(by stage of development)
Tidal Energy
Thermal Energy
Marine Currents
Wave Energy
Salinity Gradient
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Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Ocean Energy Costs

• Dynamic, fast developing sector
• Actual projected production cost bellow 0.10
  /kWh
• Average electricity production cost in EU
  0.04/kWh
• Target Cost by 2015-2020
  0.05 /kWh

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Wave Energy Economically exploitable potential
in Europe
Figures in kW per meter width of incoming wave
Resource for NE Atlantic 290
GW Mediterranean sea 30 GW
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Tidal Energy Economically exploitable potential
in Europe
Annual average tidal range in meters
Resource for Europe 12GW Mainly Arround the
British Islands Ireland Between Channel Islands
and France In the straits of Messina In various
Greek Islands
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ECOBUILDINGS
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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The associated conceptual and/or technological
breakthroughs promoted

• The unit of action is the Building
• Innovative planning and architecture
• Low energy construction and retrofitting material
• Symbiotic integration of renewable energy
  technologies and efficient measures
• Innovative building management combined with
  monitoring

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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POLYGENERATION
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Conceptual and Technological Breakthrough
Technical Innovation
Main technology areas Combined Heat Power
Cooling or Products Main Applications
Polygeneration with biomass
Polygeneration with fuel cells Main application
area CHCP Future concept Bio-refineries
Tree harvesting
Domestic Fuel Cell
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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CONCERTO
WHAT IS

supports concrete initiatives of local
communities working towards a completely
integrated energy policy, harmonizing a
substantial use of RES with efficient
innovative technologies and systems to minimize
energy consumption and to improve the quality of
citizens lives.
CONCERTO
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CONCERTO
Big industry
Smallindustry SMEs
Green electricity
PV plant
Storage
Electricity
Individual house
ESCO
Neighbourhood CHP
Local CHP plant
House with Solar thermal and PV
Storage
Office buildings
Wind power plant
Natural Gas
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Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport