SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

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SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
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Objectives of Situational Analysis

1. What is the profile of the community?
2. What is the problem of the community?
3. What is the suitable program for the community?

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1. What is your role (as an outsider and planner) in
   the program?
2. Who should be involved as the Working Committee
   of the program?
3. What is the goal of the proposed CD program?

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Profile of community

• Community structure in terms of history, and
  general backgrounds such as total population
• Demographic characteristics such as population
  groups according to age, ethnicity and gender
• Social structure e.g. social institutions /
  organization, leadership, education

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• Economic status, such as occupation, trade and
  commerce activities
• Rural setting, agriculture setting, production
  and resource use
• The availability of various types of resources
  (infrastructure, natural, human, mobilizable
  resources, and assets of community)
• After knowing the profile, problems and needs are
  identified

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• Based on problems and needs, program is planned
  in order to overcome the problem and to fulfill
  communitys needs
• If there are many problems, the solutions should
  be based on prioritization
• One way to do prioritization is based on needs
  theory of Maslow, in which problems that are
  related to basic needs (foods, shelter, clothing,
  health, income and education) should be tackled
  first

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Formation of Working Committee

• Comprises representatives from the organizing
  institution, sponsor, subject-matter specialist,
  researcher, community leaders, and target groups
• Goals of Working Committee
• To plan activities and directions
• To divide tasks according to specialization
• To get legitimization from the various sections
  of the community

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• To ensure meaningful participation
• To have cohesive decision making about the
  program
• To ensure success of the program because
  working group provides leadership
• E.g. Working Committee of a health program
  consists of
• Doctors, district medical officer, specialist,
  nurses, researcher, VDSC members, and several
  individuals from the community, and business
  representatives

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What is community need?

• Need is the strategy (process) how to overcome
  communitys problem
• There are 4 ways to understand communitys needs
• Based on Maslows hierarchy of needs i.e. basic
  needs must be approached first

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• Normative need
• Standards
• (e.g. income RM2000/
  month)
• Gap normative need
• Existing
• (e.g.income RM1000/ month)

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• III.
• Unfelt need Felt need
• (unrecognized (community
• needs due to is aware of
• ignorance or the necessity)
• low education)
• Process of CD (informal education) is
• responsible to transform unfelt to felt need

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• Comparative need
• By comparing the characteristics of two groups of
  community
• A B
• Classified as Classified as
• having higher SES having lower SES
• (more advanced) (less advanced)
• Therefore, community B needs similar CD services

e.g. receiving services
e.g not receiving services