The Age of Expansion Day 2

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The Age of ExpansionDay 2
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Georgia at the Dawn of a New Century
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Frontier
Towns
Central Western Parts of State Undeveloped
Newspapers Augusta Herald Gazette of the
State of Georgia
Trading Posts
Vs.
Theaters Concerts
Few Homesteads
Debating Societies
Subject to Indian Attack
Fancy Dress Balls
Clearing Land for a Farm Was Hard Work
Barbeques
Camp Meetings
Some One-Room Schools
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The Growth of Religion in Georgia
Old Kiokee Baptist in Columbia County 1772
First Baptist Church in Savannah 1833
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• From the earliest days in Georgia, many
  denominations were welcomed and established
• Episcopalians
• Presbyterians
• Lutheran
• Baptists
• Jewish
• Catholics (after1796)
• Methodists

Christ Episcopal Church in Savannah 1744
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• Revolutionary War practically destroyed organized
  religion in Georgia.
• Loyalist Anglican clergy left.
• Ministers died
• Many churches had been damaged or destroyed

• Patriotic Anglicans refused to recognize the King
  of England as the head of the church so they
  turned to the Methodist church.

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• In 1783, Lyman Hall asked citizens to rebuild
  their churches.
• A Protestant religious movement called the Great
  Revival swept the South.
• This was marked by
• Camp meetings
• Revivals

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Methodist Camp Meeting
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• Shingleroof Campground, which is about 2 miles
  from Union Grove, was established by the
  Methodist Church during this time.
• It still operates its camp meeting every year.

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Recent camp meeting photos
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• The African American Baptist church was
  established in Savannah in 1788.
• This was one of the few churches controlled
  completely by its members.

First African Baptist Church
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• Through camp meetings and revivals, thousands of
  Georgians, black and white, were attracted and
  converted.
• Church membership increased greatly and new
  churches were developed- the majority of them
  Baptist or Methodist.
• Today, it is hard to find a city in Georgia
  without at least, one Baptist and one Methodist
  church.

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• At the beginning of the 18th century, many
  churches preached equality and denounced slavery.
• This would change in the 1830s
• Why?
• Stay tunedthe answers are coming!

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Education

• Some people received only a few years of
  elementary education.
• Often even the best farmers knew little, if
  anything, about reading or mathematics.
• Most of Georgias citizens had not been to school
  at all.
• Governor Lyman Hall
• recommended that the
• state set aside land for
• schools, but few were built.

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(No Transcript)
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Who Attended?

• Only Wealthy Merchants
• Large Landowners
• Mostly males
• Many saw no value in teaching females academic
  subjects
• Instead, girls were
• taught sewing, cooking,
• child care, and music

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The War of 1812

• Between 1793 and 1815, France and Great Britain
  were almost always at war.
• American merchants were caught in the middle as
  both countries tried to block the US from trading
  with the other.

France
Great Britain
United States
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Embargo

• President Thomas Jefferson began an unsuccessful
  embargo (to stop trade with foreign counties).
• Hoped this would force Great Britain and France
  to change their policies.
• Instead, it had a disastrous effect on American
  shipping.

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War Hawks

• A group of land-hungry southerners and westerners
  who wanted the United States to declare war on
  Great Britain.

Capture Canada
Eliminate British
Eliminate British
Eliminate Indians
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War Is Declared

• President James Madison declared war on Great
  Britain.
• Many Americans were uncertain that they could
  defeat Great Britain.
• War lasted
• about 2 years
• without a
• winner.

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Battle at Fort McHenry

• the people of Baltimore were certain that the
  British would attack the city, but were not sure
  when...
• Major George Armistead, the commanding officer
  desired "to have a flag so large that the British
  will have no difficulty in seeing it from a
  distance."
• The 30' x 42' flag was the one that Francis Scott
  Key saw on the morning of September 14, 1814.
• It inspired him to write the words to "The Star
  Spangled Banner."

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• Americans were led by General Andrew Jackson.
• They lost 13 men.
• Over 2,000 men were killed or wounded.
• Treaty of Ghent ended the war.
• General Jackson was declared a national hero.

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After the War

• US got no new land.
• It showed that they were willing to fight for
  continued independence.
• Separate states began to truly feel united.
• When Americans could not get goods from overseas,
  they were forced to make their own.
• By 1815, they could supply their own needs.

iron
textiles
wood
glassware
leather
pottery