The Renaissance Moves

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• The Renaissance Moves
• North

Objectives -To analyze the contributions of the
Northern Renaissance artists, thinkers and
innovators -To assess the impact of the printing
press.
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Albrecht Dürer

• Albrecht Dürer traveled to Italy in 1494 to study
  the techniques of the Italian masters.
• Returning to Germany he employed these methods in
  paintings and, especially, in engravings.

3
Peasant and His Wife

• In this form of art, an artist etches a design on
  a metal plate with acid.
• The artist then uses the plate to make prints.

4
Feet of An Apostle

• Like the Italian artists of the Renaissance,
  Durer tried to achieve a standard of ideal beauty
  that was based on a careful examination of the
  human form.

5

• Hands
• of
• Horus

6
German Leonardo

• Through his art and his essays, Dürer helped
  spread Italian Renaissance ideas in his
  homeland.
• Due to his interests that extended far beyond
  art, he is sometimes called the German Leonardo.

7
Northern Humanists

• Northern European humanists, like Italian
  humanists, stressed education and classical
  learning.
• At the same time, they still emphasized religious
  themes.
• The revival of ancient learning was believed to
  bring about moral and religious reform- this was
  different than the Southern European humanists
  who did not stress religion.

8

• The summit of happiness is reached when a person
  is ready to be what he is.
• Erasmus

• What does this quote mean?
• How can you relate this to your life?

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The Dutch Erasmus

• Desiderius Erasmus, the great Dutch priest and
  humanist wrote a new Greek edition of the New
  Testament.
• He also called for a translation of the Bible
  into the vernacular, or everyday language of
  ordinary people.

10

• What is our vernacular?
• What are words that you use that are unique to
  your generation or group of friends?
• What are the benefits of information in your
  language?

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• To Erasmus an individuals chief duties were to
  be open-minded and of good will toward others.
• He was disturbed by corruption in the Church and
  called for reform.

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More

• Erasmuss friend, the English humanist Thomas
  More, also pressed for social reform.
• In Utopia, More describes an ideal society in
  which men and women live in peace and harmony.
• No one is ideal, all are educated, and justice is
  used to end crime rather than to eliminate the
  criminal.
• Today, the word utopian has come to describe an
  ideal society.

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• Why do you think that peasants would like the
  book Utopia?
• What song(s) can you think of that reflects the
  ideas of Utopia?

14
Rabelais

• Had a varied career as a monk, physician, Greek
  scholar, and author.
• Gargantua and Pantagruel, chronicles the
  adventures of two gentle giants.
• On the surface the novel is a comic tale of
  travel and war.
• But Rabelais uses his characters to offer opinion
  on religion, education, and other serious
  subjects.

15

• What shows today are comical but offer their
  opinions about serious subjects?
• Why would someone want to or need to hide their
  opinions in comedy?

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Shakespeare

• Poet and playwright
• Between 1590 1613, he wrote 37 plays that are
  still performed around the world.
• He wrote comedies, historic plays, tragedies
• Shakespeares love of words vastly enriched the
  English language.
• More than 1,700 words appeared for the first time
  in his works, including bedroom, lonely,
  generous, gloomy, heartsick, hurry, and sneak.

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Have you seen Shakespeare? The following modern
movies are loosely based on famous Shakespearean
works

• The Lion King
• 10 Things I Hate About You and Deliver Us From
  Eva
• Shes the Man/Mulan/ Big Momma
• O
• West Side Story/Teen Beach Movie

Hamlet The Taming of the Shrew The Twelfth
Night Othello Romeo and Juliet
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Cervantes

• Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes mocks the
  romantic notions of medieval chivalry.
• Don Quixote is a foolish but idealistic knight
  that seeks to be a hero but finds that the time
  of the knight has ended.

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• The 13 Most Influential Inventions in History
• Harnessing/Applying Electricity
• The computer
• The internet
• The steam engine
• Steel
• Gunpowder
• The atomic bomb
• The car
• Radio
• Telephone
• Television
• The printing press

• What do you think the most influential inventions
  have been?

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The Printing Revolution

• Methods of making paper had reached Europe from
  China about 1300.
• The Chinese and Koreans had been using moveable
  type for centuries.

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• Johann Gutenberg of Germany, printed a complete
  edition of the Bible using movable type metal
  type on a machine called a printing press.
• The use of this invention TRANSFORMED EUROPE!!!!!
• Prior to the printing press books were written by
  hand and were very expensive- taking between 6
  months and a year to write just one book.

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Immense Changes

• Printed books were cheaper than hand copied
  books.
• More people learned to read.
• Readers gained access to a variety of subjects.
• Exposed educated Europeans to new ideas.
• Contributes to the religious turmoil that swept
  Europe in the 1500s.