????????? (Ecology)

1
????????? (Ecology)
2
?????????
??????????? ?????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????
3
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? ? ????????????????????????????????? ?
4
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???????
??? ?????????????????????? (Trophic structure)
??????????????? (Food chain) ?????????????????????
?? (Trophic levels)
5
??? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????
6
??? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????
?????????????????????? 1022 ??? (
??????????????????????????? 100 ???????)
7
??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
? ?????????????????
Tube worm
CO2 H2S O2 H2O (CH2)n H2SO4
Simplified diagram of energy flow in coastal
marine ecosystems showing energy storage in
reduced sulfur compounds
8
??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
????????
?????????????????????
???????????????????? ?????????????????? -
???????? Net Primary Production Gross Primary
Production - Respiration
9
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??????????????? ????????????
??????????? ??? ??? ?????
10
??? ??????????????????
11
??? ??????????????????????????????????
??? 1. ???????????????? (1/7) 2.
??????????????? (2/7) 3. ?????????????????
(4/7)0