MD5 Generation

1
MD5 Generation

• Auto-Generated Slides To Visualize MD5 Hash
  Generation by Chris Fremgen

2
MD5 Hashing Summary

• MD5 is a function used in cryptography to ensure
  data integrity.
• The idea of hashing is to create a unique code
  for a set of data through the use of functions.
• It was created by Ronald Rivest in 1991 and each
  message digest is 128 bits long.
• You can find more details in RFC 1321.
• There are two main steps in generating an MD5
  digest. Pre-processing of data, and hash
  generation.

3
MD5 Data Preprocessing

• Preprocessing
• First we need two unsigned integer arrays with
  64 items in each.
• Lets use 'r' for the rotational array and 'k'
  for the constant array
• r 0..15 7, 12, 17, 22, 7, 12, 17, 22, 7,
  12, 17, 22, 7, 12, 17, 22
• r16..31 5, 9, 14, 20, 5, 9, 14, 20, 5,
  9, 14, 20, 5, 9, 14, 20
• r32..47 4, 11, 16, 23, 4, 11, 16, 23, 4,
  11, 16, 23, 4, 11, 16, 23
• r48..63 6, 10, 15, 21, 6, 10, 15, 21, 6,
  10, 15, 21, 6, 10, 15, 21
• Use the following formula to generate the
  constants
• for i from 0 to 63
• ki floor(abs(sin(i 1)) (2 pow 32))
• We also need 4 constant variables to start bit
  shifting
• (these are arbitrary but need to be the same in
  all MD5 generators)
• var int h0 0x67452301
• var int h1 0xEFCDAB89
• var int h2 0x98BADCFE
• var int h3 0x10325476

4
MD5 Pseudo code

• For each 512-bit chunk of message
• break chunk into sixteen 32-bit little-endian
  words wi for(i0ilt15i)
• / Initialize hash value for this chunk (recall
  h0,h1,h2,h3 were declared as constants earlier)
  /
• var int a h0
• var int b h1
• var int c h2
• var int d h3
• / Main loop /
• / Here are the logic functions that define this
  algorithm /
• for i from 0 to 63
• if 0 i 15 then
• f (b and c) or ((not b) and d)
• g i
• else if 16 i 31
• f (d and b) or ((not d) and c)
• g (5i 1) mod 16
• else if 32 i 47
• f b xor c xor d
• g (3i 5) mod 16

5
MD5 Generation From User Input

• User Input String 'sfgsdfgdfgd'
• User Input Bytes 115 102 103 115 100 102 103 100
  102 103 100

6
MD5 Generation From User Input

• After Pre-Processing of data, Message Bytes 115
  102 103 115 100 102 103 100 102 103 100 128 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
• There will be 1 iteration(s) since the padded
  message size is 512 bits long

7
MD5 Generation

• Now we continue to crank through the 4 logic
  functions provided in the RFC
• Before we start the process the constant
  variables are as follows
• h0 1732584193
• h1 4023233417
• h2 2562383102
• h3 271733878

8
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 1
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1732584193)01100111010001010010001100000001
• b (4023233417)11101111110011011010101110001001
• c (2562383102)10011000101110101101110011111110
• d (271733878)00010000001100100101010001110110
• Data Block (1936156275)01110011011001110110011001
  110011
• R Constant (7)00000000000000000000000000000111
• Sin Value (3614090360)110101110110101010100100011
  11000
• Logic Function (1732584193)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1490231470)010110001101001
  10010000010101110

9
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 2
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (271733878)00010000001100100101010001110110
• b (1490231470)01011000110100110010000010101110
• c (4023233417)11101111110011011010101110001001
• d (2562383102)10011000101110101101110011111110
• Data Block (1684498020)01100100011001110110011001
  100100
• R Constant (12)00000000000000000000000000001100
• Sin Value (3905402710)111010001100011110110111010
  10110
• Logic Function (271733878)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (264479506)0000111111000011
  1010001100010010

10
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 3
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2562383102)10011000101110101101110011111110
• b (264479506)00001111110000111010001100010010
• c (1490231470)01011000110100110010000010101110
• d (4023233417)11101111110011011010101110001001
• Data Block (2154063718)10000000011001000110011101
  100110
• R Constant (17)00000000000000000000000000010001
• Sin Value (606105819)0010010000100000011100001101
  1011
• Logic Function (2562383102)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3411537711)110010110101011
  11110111100101111

11
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 4
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4023233417)11101111110011011010101110001001
• b (3411537711)11001011010101111110111100101111
• c (264479506)00001111110000111010001100010010
• d (1490231470)01011000110100110010000010101110
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (22)00000000000000000000000000010110
• Sin Value (3250441966)110000011011110111001110111
  01110
• Logic Function (4023233417)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1238057718)010010011100101
  10100001011110110

12
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 5
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1490231470)01011000110100110010000010101110
• b (1238057718)01001001110010110100001011110110
• c (3411537711)11001011010101111110111100101111
• d (264479506)00001111110000111010001100010010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (7)00000000000000000000000000000111
• Sin Value (4118548399)111101010111110000001111101
  01111
• Logic Function (1490231470)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (324338884)0001001101010101
  0000010011000100

13
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 6
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (264479506)00001111110000111010001100010010
• b (324338884)00010011010101010000010011000100
• c (1238057718)01001001110010110100001011110110
• d (3411537711)11001011010101111110111100101111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (12)00000000000000000000000000001100
• Sin Value (1200080426)010001111000011111000110001
  01010
• Logic Function (264479506)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (145209036)0000100010100111
  1011011011001100

14
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 7
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3411537711)11001011010101111110111100101111
• b (145209036)00001000101001111011011011001100
• c (324338884)00010011010101010000010011000100
• d (1238057718)01001001110010110100001011110110
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (17)00000000000000000000000000010001
• Sin Value (2821735955)101010000011000001000110000
  10011
• Logic Function (3411537711)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4246282358)111111010001100
  10010000001110110

15
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 8
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1238057718)01001001110010110100001011110110
• b (4246282358)11111101000110010010000001110110
• c (145209036)00001000101001111011011011001100
• d (324338884)00010011010101010000010011000100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (22)00000000000000000000000000010110
• Sin Value (4249261313)111111010100011010010101000
  00001
• Logic Function (1238057718)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (736982581)0010101111101101
  0111011000110101

16
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 9
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (324338884)00010011010101010000010011000100
• b (736982581)00101011111011010111011000110101
• c (4246282358)11111101000110010010000001110110
• d (145209036)00001000101001111011011011001100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (7)00000000000000000000000000000111
• Sin Value (1770035416)011010011000000010011000110
  11000
• Logic Function (324338884)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (478986887)0001110010001100
  1100001010000111

17
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 10
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (145209036)00001000101001111011011011001100
• b (478986887)00011100100011001100001010000111
• c (736982581)00101011111011010111011000110101
• d (4246282358)11111101000110010010000001110110
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (12)00000000000000000000000000001100
• Sin Value (2336552879)100010110100010011110111101
  01111
• Logic Function (145209036)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3181103711)101111011001101
  11100101001011111

18
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 11
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4246282358)11111101000110010010000001110110
• b (3181103711)10111101100110111100101001011111
• c (478986887)00011100100011001100001010000111
• d (736982581)00101011111011010111011000110101
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (17)00000000000000000000000000010001
• Sin Value (4294925233)111111111111111101011011101
  10001
• Logic Function (4246282358)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2721579625)101000100011100
  00000001001101001

19
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 12
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (736982581)00101011111011010111011000110101
• b (2721579625)10100010001110000000001001101001
• c (3181103711)10111101100110111100101001011111
• d (478986887)00011100100011001100001010000111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (22)00000000000000000000000000010110
• Sin Value (2304563134)100010010101110011010111101
  11110
• Logic Function (736982581)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3537140781)110100101101010
  00111110000101101

20
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 13
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (478986887)00011100100011001100001010000111
• b (3537140781)11010010110101000111110000101101
• c (2721579625)10100010001110000000001001101001
• d (3181103711)10111101100110111100101001011111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (7)00000000000000000000000000000111
• Sin Value (1804603682)011010111001000000010001001
  00010
• Logic Function (478986887)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1862241864)011011101111111
  11000111001001000

21
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 14
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3181103711)10111101100110111100101001011111
• b (1862241864)01101110111111111000111001001000
• c (3537140781)11010010110101000111110000101101
• d (2721579625)10100010001110000000001001101001
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (12)00000000000000000000000000001100
• Sin Value (4254626195)111111011001100001110001100
  10011
• Logic Function (3181103711)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4085335592)111100111000000
  10100011000101000

22
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 15
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2721579625)10100010001110000000001001101001
• b (4085335592)11110011100000010100011000101000
• c (1862241864)01101110111111111000111001001000
• d (3537140781)11010010110101000111110000101101
• Data Block (88)00000000000000000000000001011000
• R Constant (17)00000000000000000000000000010001
• Sin Value (2792965006)101001100111100101000011100
  01110
• Logic Function (2721579625)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4231699765)111111000011101
  01001110100110101

23
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 16
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3537140781)11010010110101000111110000101101
• b (4231699765)11111100001110101001110100110101
• c (4085335592)11110011100000010100011000101000
• d (1862241864)01101110111111111000111001001000
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (22)00000000000000000000000000010110
• Sin Value (1236535329)010010011011010000001000001
  00001
• Logic Function (3537140781)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c) (b d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2847830167)101010011011111
  00111000010010111

24
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 17
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1862241864)01101110111111111000111001001000
• b (2847830167)10101001101111100111000010010111
• c (4231699765)11111100001110101001110100110101
• d (4085335592)11110011100000010100011000101000
• Data Block (1684498020)01100100011001110110011001
  100100
• R Constant (5)00000000000000000000000000000101
• Sin Value (4129170786)111101100001111000100101011
  00010
• Logic Function (1862241864)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2445071621)100100011011110
  01101010100000101

25
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 18
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4085335592)11110011100000010100011000101000
• b (2445071621)10010001101111001101010100000101
• c (2847830167)10101001101111100111000010010111
• d (4231699765)11111100001110101001110100110101
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (9)00000000000000000000000000001001
• Sin Value (3225465664)110000000100000010110011010
  00000
• Logic Function (4085335592)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2409280399)100011111001101
  01011001110001111

26
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 19
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4231699765)11111100001110101001110100110101
• b (2409280399)10001111100110101011001110001111
• c (2445071621)10010001101111001101010100000101
• d (2847830167)10101001101111100111000010010111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (14)00000000000000000000000000001110
• Sin Value (643717713)0010011001011110010110100101
  0001
• Logic Function (4231699765)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2061378203)011110101101111
  00010001010011011

27
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 20
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2847830167)10101001101111100111000010010111
• b (2061378203)01111010110111100010001010011011
• c (2409280399)10001111100110101011001110001111
• d (2445071621)10010001101111001101010100000101
• Data Block (1936156275)01110011011001110110011001
  110011
• R Constant (20)00000000000000000000000000010100
• Sin Value (3921069994)111010011011011011000111101
  01010
• Logic Function (2847830167)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2396027463)100011101101000
  00111101001000111

28
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 21
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2445071621)10010001101111001101010100000101
• b (2396027463)10001110110100000111101001000111
• c (2061378203)01111010110111100010001010011011
• d (2409280399)10001111100110101011001110001111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (5)00000000000000000000000000000101
• Sin Value (3593408605)110101100010111100010000010
  11101
• Logic Function (2445071621)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1725131123)011001101101001
  10110100101110011

29
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 22
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2409280399)10001111100110101011001110001111
• b (1725131123)01100110110100110110100101110011
• c (2396027463)10001110110100000111101001000111
• d (2061378203)01111010110111100010001010011011
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (9)00000000000000000000000000001001
• Sin Value (38016083)00000010010001000001010001010
  011
• Logic Function (2409280399)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3377716324)110010010101001
  11101110001100100

30
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 23
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2061378203)01111010110111100010001010011011
• b (3377716324)11001001010100111101110001100100
• c (1725131123)01100110110100110110100101110011
• d (2396027463)10001110110100000111101001000111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (14)00000000000000000000000000001110
• Sin Value (3634488961)110110001010000111100110100
  00001
• Logic Function (2061378203)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2717379416)101000011111011
  11110101101011000

31
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 24
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2396027463)10001110110100000111101001000111
• b (2717379416)10100001111101111110101101011000
• c (3377716324)11001001010100111101110001100100
• d (1725131123)01100110110100110110100101110011
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (20)00000000000000000000000000010100
• Sin Value (3889429448)111001111101001111111011110
  01000
• Logic Function (2396027463)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3626627807)110110000010100
  11111001011011111

32
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 25
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1725131123)01100110110100110110100101110011
• b (3626627807)11011000001010011111001011011111
• c (2717379416)10100001111101111110101101011000
• d (3377716324)11001001010100111101110001100100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (5)00000000000000000000000000000101
• Sin Value (568446438)0010000111100001110011011110
  0110
• Logic Function (1725131123)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (59722125)00000011100011110
  100100110001101

33
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 26
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3377716324)11001001010100111101110001100100
• b (59722125)00000011100011110100100110001101
• c (3626627807)11011000001010011111001011011111
• d (2717379416)10100001111101111110101101011000
• Data Block (88)00000000000000000000000001011000
• R Constant (9)00000000000000000000000000001001
• Sin Value (3275163606)110000110011011100000111110
  10110
• Logic Function (3377716324)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (940281177)0011100000001011
  1000110101011001

34
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 27
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2717379416)10100001111101111110101101011000
• b (940281177)00111000000010111000110101011001
• c (59722125)00000011100011110100100110001101
• d (3626627807)11011000001010011111001011011111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (14)00000000000000000000000000001110
• Sin Value (4107603335)111101001101010100001101100
  00111
• Logic Function (2717379416)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1486469616)010110001001100
  11011100111110000

35
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 28
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3626627807)11011000001010011111001011011111
• b (1486469616)01011000100110011011100111110000
• c (940281177)00111000000010111000110101011001
• d (59722125)00000011100011110100100110001101
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (20)00000000000000000000000000010100
• Sin Value (1163531501)010001010101101000010100111
  01101
• Logic Function (3626627807)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2992577225)101100100101111
  10001101011001001

36
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 29
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (59722125)00000011100011110100100110001101
• b (2992577225)10110010010111110001101011001001
• c (1486469616)01011000100110011011100111110000
• d (940281177)00111000000010111000110101011001
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (5)00000000000000000000000000000101
• Sin Value (2850285829)101010011110001111101001000
  00101
• Logic Function (59722125)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1949076012)011101000010110
  01000101000101100

37
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 30
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (940281177)00111000000010111000110101011001
• b (1949076012)01110100001011001000101000101100
• c (2992577225)10110010010111110001101011001001
• d (1486469616)01011000100110011011100111110000
• Data Block (2154063718)10000000011001000110011101
  100110
• R Constant (9)00000000000000000000000000001001
• Sin Value (4243563512)111111001110111110100011111
  11000
• Logic Function (940281177)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3497151355)110100000111001
  00100101101111011

38
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 31
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1486469616)01011000100110011011100111110000
• b (3497151355)11010000011100100100101101111011
• c (1949076012)01110100001011001000101000101100
• d (2992577225)10110010010111110001101011001001
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (14)00000000000000000000000000001110
• Sin Value (1735328473)011001110110111100000010110
  11001
• Logic Function (1486469616)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2722099353)101000100011111
  11111000010011001

39
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 32
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2992577225)10110010010111110001101011001001
• b (2722099353)10100010001111111111000010011001
• c (3497151355)11010000011100100100101101111011
• d (1949076012)01110100001011001000101000101100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (20)00000000000000000000000000010100
• Sin Value (2368359562)100011010010101001001100100
  01010
• Logic Function (2992577225)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((b d) (c d)) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (757985563)0010110100101101
  1111000100011011

40
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 33
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1949076012)01110100001011001000101000101100
• b (757985563)00101101001011011111000100011011
• c (2722099353)10100010001111111111000010011001
• d (3497151355)11010000011100100100101101111011
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (4)00000000000000000000000000000100
• Sin Value (4294588738)111111111111101000111001010
  00010
• Logic Function (1949076012)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1704908696)011001011001111
  01101011110011000

41
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 34
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3497151355)11010000011100100100101101111011
• b (1704908696)01100101100111101101011110011000
• c (757985563)00101101001011011111000100011011
• d (2722099353)10100010001111111111000010011001
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (11)00000000000000000000000000001011
• Sin Value (2272392833)100001110111000111110110100
  00001
• Logic Function (3497151355)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3999238571)111011100101111
  11000100110101011

42
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 35
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2722099353)10100010001111111111000010011001
• b (3999238571)11101110010111111000100110101011
• c (1704908696)01100101100111101101011110011000
• d (757985563)00101101001011011111000100011011
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (16)00000000000000000000000000010000
• Sin Value (1839030562)011011011001110101100001001
  00010
• Logic Function (2722099353)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4014162037)111011110100001
  10100000001110101

43
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 36
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (757985563)00101101001011011111000100011011
• b (4014162037)11101111010000110100000001110101
• c (3999238571)11101110010111111000100110101011
• d (1704908696)01100101100111101101011110011000
• Data Block (88)00000000000000000000000001011000
• R Constant (23)00000000000000000000000000010111
• Sin Value (4259657740)111111011110010100111000000
  01100
• Logic Function (757985563)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3523939096)110100100000101
  10000101100011000

44
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 37
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1704908696)01100101100111101101011110011000
• b (3523939096)11010010000010110000101100011000
• c (4014162037)11101111010000110100000001110101
• d (3999238571)11101110010111111000100110101011
• Data Block (1684498020)01100100011001110110011001
  100100
• R Constant (4)00000000000000000000000000000100
• Sin Value (2763975236)101001001011111011101010010
  00100
• Logic Function (1704908696)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4024023932)111011111101100
  11011101101111100

45
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 38
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3999238571)11101110010111111000100110101011
• b (4024023932)11101111110110011011101101111100
• c (3523939096)11010010000010110000101100011000
• d (4014162037)11101111010000110100000001110101
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (11)00000000000000000000000000001011
• Sin Value (1272893353)010010111101111011001111101
  01001
• Logic Function (3999238571)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1915020258)011100100010010
  01110001111100010

46
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 39
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4014162037)11101111010000110100000001110101
• b (1915020258)01110010001001001110001111100010
• c (4024023932)11101111110110011011101101111100
• d (3523939096)11010010000010110000101100011000
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (16)00000000000000000000000000010000
• Sin Value (4139469664)111101101011101101001011011
  00000
• Logic Function (4014162037)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1367349718)010100011000000
  00001100111010110

47
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 40
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3523939096)11010010000010110000101100011000
• b (1367349718)01010001100000000001100111010110
• c (1915020258)01110010001001001110001111100010
• d (4024023932)11101111110110011011101101111100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (23)00000000000000000000000000010111
• Sin Value (3200236656)101111101011111110111100011
  10000
• Logic Function (3523939096)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3115236826)101110011010111
  01011110111011010

48
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 41
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (4024023932)11101111110110011011101101111100
• b (3115236826)10111001101011101011110111011010
• c (1367349718)01010001100000000001100111010110
• d (1915020258)01110010001001001110001111100010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (4)00000000000000000000000000000100
• Sin Value (681279174)0010100010011011011111101100
  0110
• Logic Function (4024023932)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3785810149)111000011010011
  01110000011100101

49
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 42
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1915020258)01110010001001001110001111100010
• b (3785810149)11100001101001101110000011100101
• c (3115236826)10111001101011101011110111011010
• d (1367349718)01010001100000000001100111010110
• Data Block (1936156275)01110011011001110110011001
  110011
• R Constant (11)00000000000000000000000000001011
• Sin Value (3936430074)111010101010000100100111111
  11010
• Logic Function (1915020258)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2405476274)100011110110000
  01010011110110010

50
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 43
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1367349718)01010001100000000001100111010110
• b (2405476274)10001111011000001010011110110010
• c (3785810149)11100001101001101110000011100101
• d (3115236826)10111001101011101011110111011010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (16)00000000000000000000000000010000
• Sin Value (3572445317)110101001110111100110000100
  00101
• Logic Function (1367349718)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3561596298)110101000100100
  11010010110001010

51
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 44
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3115236826)10111001101011101011110111011010
• b (3561596298)11010100010010011010010110001010
• c (2405476274)10001111011000001010011110110010
• d (3785810149)11100001101001101110000011100101
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (23)00000000000000000000000000010111
• Sin Value (76029189)00000100100010000001110100000
  101
• Logic Function (3115236826)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2995128552)101100101000011
  00000100011101000

52
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 45
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3785810149)11100001101001101110000011100101
• b (2995128552)10110010100001100000100011101000
• c (3561596298)11010100010010011010010110001010
• d (2405476274)10001111011000001010011110110010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (4)00000000000000000000000000000100
• Sin Value (3654602809)110110011101010011010000001
  11001
• Logic Function (3785810149)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (87148498)00000101001100011
  100011111010010

53
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 46
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2405476274)10001111011000001010011110110010
• b (87148498)00000101001100011100011111010010
• c (2995128552)10110010100001100000100011101000
• d (3561596298)11010100010010011010010110001010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (11)00000000000000000000000000001011
• Sin Value (3873151461)111001101101101110011001111
  00101
• Logic Function (2405476274)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3667134115)110110101001010
  00000011010100011

54
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 47
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3561596298)11010100010010011010010110001010
• b (3667134115)11011010100101000000011010100011
• c (87148498)00000101001100011100011111010010
• d (2995128552)10110010100001100000100011101000
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (16)00000000000000000000000000010000
• Sin Value (530742520)0001111110100010011111001111
  1000
• Logic Function (3561596298)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3333384114)110001101010111
  10110011110110010

55
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 48
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2995128552)10110010100001100000100011101000
• b (3333384114)11000110101011110110011110110010
• c (3667134115)11011010100101000000011010100011
• d (87148498)00000101001100011100011111010010
• Data Block (2154063718)10000000011001000110011101
  100110
• R Constant (23)00000000000000000000000000010111
• Sin Value (3299628645)110001001010110001010110011
  00101
• Logic Function (2995128552)int result b
  RotateLeft((a (b c d) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2176301160)100000011011011
  11011100001101000

56
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 49
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (87148498)00000101001100011100011111010010
• b (2176301160)10000001101101111011100001101000
• c (3333384114)11000110101011110110011110110010
• d (3667134115)11011010100101000000011010100011
• Data Block (1936156275)01110011011001110110011001
  110011
• R Constant (6)00000000000000000000000000000110
• Sin Value (4096336452)111101000010100100100010010
  00100
• Logic Function (87148498)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2255720028)100001100111001
  11000111001011100

57
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 50
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3667134115)11011010100101000000011010100011
• b (2255720028)10000110011100111000111001011100
• c (2176301160)10000001101101111011100001101000
• d (3333384114)11000110101011110110011110110010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (10)00000000000000000000000000001010
• Sin Value (1126891415)010000110010101011111111100
  10111
• Logic Function (3667134115)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2468694990)100100110010010
  10100101111001110

58
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 51
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3333384114)11000110101011110110011110110010
• b (2468694990)10010011001001010100101111001110
• c (2255720028)10000110011100111000111001011100
• d (2176301160)10000001101101111011100001101000
• Data Block (88)00000000000000000000000001011000
• R Constant (15)00000000000000000000000000001111
• Sin Value (2878612391)101010111001010000100011101
  00111
• Logic Function (3333384114)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3116351871)101110011011111
  11100000101111111

59
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 52
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2176301160)10000001101101111011100001101000
• b (3116351871)10111001101111111100000101111111
• c (2468694990)10010011001001010100101111001110
• d (2255720028)10000110011100111000111001011100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (21)00000000000000000000000000010101
• Sin Value (4237533241)111111001001001110100000001
  11001
• Logic Function (2176301160)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (337436225)0001010000011100
  1101111001000001

60
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 53
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2255720028)10000110011100111000111001011100
• b (337436225)00010100000111001101111001000001
• c (3116351871)10111001101111111100000101111111
• d (2468694990)10010011001001010100101111001110
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (6)00000000000000000000000000000110
• Sin Value (1700485571)011001010101101101011001110
  00011
• Logic Function (2255720028)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1613146541)011000000010011
  01010100110101101

61
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 54
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2468694990)10010011001001010100101111001110
• b (1613146541)01100000001001101010100110101101
• c (337436225)00010100000111001101111001000001
• d (3116351871)10111001101111111100000101111111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (10)00000000000000000000000000001010
• Sin Value (2399980690)100011110000110011001100100
  10010
• Logic Function (2468694990)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (303029247)0001001000001111
  1101101111111111

62
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 55
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (3116351871)10111001101111111100000101111111
• b (303029247)00010010000011111101101111111111
• c (1613146541)01100000001001101010100110101101
• d (337436225)00010100000111001101111001000001
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (15)00000000000000000000000000001111
• Sin Value (4293915773)111111111110111111110100011
  11101
• Logic Function (3116351871)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2520188603)100101100011011
  10000011010111011

63
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 56
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (337436225)00010100000111001101111001000001
• b (2520188603)10010110001101110000011010111011
• c (303029247)00010010000011111101101111111111
• d (1613146541)01100000001001101010100110101101
• Data Block (1684498020)01100100011001110110011001
  100100
• R Constant (21)00000000000000000000000000010101
• Sin Value (2240044497)100001011000010001011101110
  10001
• Logic Function (337436225)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (2240316896)100001011000100
  01000010111100000

64
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 57
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1613146541)01100000001001101010100110101101
• b (2240316896)10000101100010001000010111100000
• c (2520188603)10010110001101110000011010111011
• d (303029247)00010010000011111101101111111111
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (6)00000000000000000000000000000110
• Sin Value (1873313359)011011111010100001111110010
  01111
• Logic Function (1613146541)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1832606642)011011010011101
  10101101110110010

65
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 58
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (303029247)00010010000011111101101111111111
• b (1832606642)01101101001110110101101110110010
• c (2240316896)10000101100010001000010111100000
• d (2520188603)10010110001101110000011010111011
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (10)00000000000000000000000000001010
• Sin Value (4264355552)111111100010110011100110111
  00000
• Logic Function (303029247)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (775893908)0010111000111111
  0011001110010100

66
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 59
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2520188603)10010110001101110000011010111011
• b (775893908)00101110001111110011001110010100
• c (1832606642)01101101001110110101101110110010
• d (2240316896)10000101100010001000010111100000
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (15)00000000000000000000000000001111
• Sin Value (2734768916)101000110000000101000011000
  10100
• Logic Function (2520188603)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1664965074)011000110011110
  10101100111010010

67
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 60
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (2240316896)10000101100010001000010111100000
• b (1664965074)01100011001111010101100111010010
• c (775893908)00101110001111110011001110010100
• d (1832606642)01101101001110110101101110110010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (21)00000000000000000000000000010101
• Sin Value (1309151649)010011100000100000010001101
  00001
• Logic Function (2240316896)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (483623998)0001110011010011
  1000010000111110

68
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 61
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1832606642)01101101001110110101101110110010
• b (483623998)00011100110100111000010000111110
• c (1664965074)01100011001111010101100111010010
• d (775893908)00101110001111110011001110010100
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (6)00000000000000000000000000000110
• Sin Value (4149444226)111101110101001101111110100
  00010
• Logic Function (1832606642)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (4230970502)111111000010111
  10111110010000110

69
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 62
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (775893908)00101110001111110011001110010100
• b (4230970502)11111100001011110111110010000110
• c (483623998)00011100110100111000010000111110
• d (1664965074)01100011001111010101100111010010
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (10)00000000000000000000000000001010
• Sin Value (3174756917)101111010011101011110010001
  10101
• Logic Function (775893908)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (3601917876)110101101011000
  01110011110110100

70
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 63
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (1664965074)01100011001111010101100111010010
• b (3601917876)11010110101100001110011110110100
• c (4230970502)11111100001011110111110010000110
• d (483623998)00011100110100111000010000111110
• Data Block (2154063718)10000000011001000110011101
  100110
• R Constant (15)00000000000000000000000000001111
• Sin Value (718787259)0010101011010111110100101011
  1011
• Logic Function (1664965074)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1650717882)011000100110001
  11111010010111010

71
MD5 Generation

• Iteration 1 Step 64
• a d, d c, c b, b previous resulting value
• a (483623998)00011100110100111000010000111110
• b (1650717882)01100010011000111111010010111010
• c (3601917876)11010110101100001110011110110100
• d (4230970502)11111100001011110111110010000110
• Data Block (0)00000000000000000000000000000000
• R Constant (21)00000000000000000000000000010101
• Sin Value (3951481745)111010111000011011010011100
  10001
• Logic Function (483623998)int result b
  RotateLeft((a ((c (b d))) DataBlock
  SinValue), R Constant)
• Result after shifting (1715185767)011001100011101
  11010100001100111

72
MD5 Generation

• After Iteration 1 Add the new result to the
  previous iteration's result
• h0 A 1668587399
• h1 B 1443451888
• h2 C 4213100984
• h3 D 3873651754

73
MD5 Generation

• After all iterations are complete
• h0 1668587399 (Hex 879f7463)
• h1 1443451888 (Hex f0530956)
• h2 4213100984 (Hex b8d11efb)
• h3 3873651754 (Hex 2a3ce3e6)
• The final digest
• 879f7463f0530956b8d11efb2a3ce3e6

74
MD5 Generation Summary

• As you can see, there is quite a bit of bit
  shifting happening which makes it nearly
  impossible to reverse engineer
• The goal of generating hash keys (i.e. Message
  Digests) is exactly this- to ensure data
  integrity.
• Hopefully this presentation has helped you gain a
  better understanding of how the process of key
  generation works.

75
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