Swiss reformation

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Swiss reformation the cAtholic reformation
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Zwingli

• Vicar _at_ cathedral in Zurich, Switzerland
• Met with Luther
• Agreed on most doctrines
• Disagreed about forms of worship
• E.g. communion use of images
• Died in battle-1531

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John Calvin

• Carries on Zwinglis work in Switz.
• Institutes of Christian Religioncomplete and
  clearly stated set of beliefs-1536
• Strengthens unites followers against
  persecution

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Geneva, Switzerland

• Calvin was asked to lead the city
• Theocracy
• Genevan Consistory
• 12 laymen a company of pastors
• Prohibited
• Dancing
• Card playing
• Showy dress
• Profanity

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Comparing Luther Calvin

• Reliance on faith for salvation
• Scriptures are the final authority
• Denied the hierarchy of the Catholic Church
• Recognized only two sacraments-communion
  baptism
• consubstantiation
• Clergy has no special authority

• Calvin emphasized predestination
• Luther emphasized separation of church state

• Similarities

• Differences

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Calvinism Spreads

• EnglandPuritanism
• Scotland-John Knox starts Presbyterian Church
• FranceHuguenots
• Catholic Church owned 1/3 of the land
• Monarchs consider protestants a threat
• Civil wars
• Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes
• Gives protestants freedom of worship some
  rights

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Catholic reformation
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The Catholic Reformation

• Major reform effort to create a more spiritual
  outlook
• Clarified doctrines

• Pope Paul III

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Council of Trent

• Purposeto define church doctrine
• 3 session 1545-1563

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Decisions of the Council

• Banned the sale of indulgences
• Tightened discipline for the clergy
• Reaffirmed
• Need for ceremonies tradition
• Role of the priest
• Free-will, faith, good works

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Index of Forbidden Books

• Pope Paul IV
• 1559
• Considered harmful to faith or morals
• Recognized role the printing press played
• Maintained until 1966

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Inquisition

• Started in Spain in 1478
• Moved to Rome
• Church tried the state punished heretics

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Society of JesusJesuits

• 1534
• Recognized by the Pope
• Spiritual Exercises

• Ignatius de Loyola

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Jesuitssuccessful reform

• Most effective agents for Catholicism
• Missionary work
• Founded some of the best colleges in Europe