Title: Obesity Epidemic In Adolescence, Young Adults, and Adults
1Obesity EpidemicIn Adolescence, Young Adults,
and Adults
2Obesity vs. Overweight
- Obesity-excessively high amount of body fat or
adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass BMI
of 30kg or higher - Overweight- body weight in relation to height
that is greater than some accepted standard but
less than that defined as obesity BMI of
25kg-30kg - (Nutrition Concepts and Controversies 9th
edition, Frances Sizer and Eleanor Whitney )
3Did you know that
- The US Surgeon General has identified obesity as
one of the greatest health problems facing our
nation today - In the United States, the Centers for Disease
Control (CDC) estimates that 300,000 Americans
die each year from obesity-related illnesses.
4Obesity in Florida
- 60 of Florida adults are overweight or obese.
(CDC BRFSS, 2004) - 26 of Florida high-school students are
overweight or at risk of becoming overweight.
(CDC YRBSS, 2003) - 21 of non-Hispanic white adults, 33 of
non-Hispanic black adults, and 26 of Hispanic
adults in Florida are obese. (CDC BRFSS, 2004) - 28 of low-income children between 2 and 5 years
of age in Florida are overweight or at risk of
becoming overweight. (CDC PedNSS, 2003)
,
5Trends in Adolescents and Young Adults
6(No Transcript)
7(No Transcript)
8Child Adolescent Race Trends
Children (Ages 6 to 11)Prevalence () Children (Ages 6 to 11)Prevalence () Adolescents (Ages 12 to 19)Prevalence () Adolescents (Ages 12 to 19)Prevalence ()
Race Overweight Obesity Overweight Obesity
Black 35.9 19.5 40.4 23.6
Mexican 39.3 23.7 43.8 23.4
White 26.2 11.8 26.5 12.7
9Trends in Adults
10Obesity Trends By State
11Obesity Trends By State
Obesity Trends Among US Adults in 2005
12(No Transcript)
13Obesity Trends
14Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74)
MenPrevalence () MenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence ()
Racial / Ethnic Group 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000
Black (non-Hispanic) 58.2 60.1 68.5 78
Mexican American 69.4 74.4 69.6 71.8
White (non-Hispanic) 61.6 67.5 47.2 57.5
15Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74)
MenPrevalence () MenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence ()
Racial / Ethnic Group 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000
Black (non-Hispanic) 21.3 28.8 39.1 50.8
Mexican American 24.4 29.4 36.1 40.1
White (non-Hispanic) 20.7 27.7 23.3 30.6
16Obesity Trends
17Obesity Trends
18Contributing Factors
- Genetics
- Metabolism
- Behavior/Lifestyle
- Food Choices
- Environment
- Race/Ethnicity
- Socioeconomic status
19Socioeconomic Status
- Income
- Education
- Employment
- Marriage
- Residence
- Insel, Paul, Turner, Elaine R., and Ross Don.
Nutrition. Second Ed.
20Behavior/Lifestyle
- Sedentary behaviors
- Lack of exercise/physical activity
- Television/Computer/Video Games
- Poor Diets
- High calorie/high fat foods
- Food choices
21Food Choices
- Portion Control
- Food Labels
- Daily Values
- Understanding the new Food Guide Pyramid
22Bagel
20 Years Ago
Today
- A bagel 20 years ago was 3 inches in diameter and
had 140 calories. How many calories do you think
are in today's bagel? - 350 ? Â Â Â 250 ? Â
  150 ?
23Cheeseburger
- A cheeseburger 20 years ago had 333 calories. How
many calories do you think are in today's
cheeseburger? - 590 ? Â Â 620 Â ?Â
 700 ?
24Spaghetti Meatballs
- A portion of spaghetti and meatballs 20 years ago
had 500 calories. How many calories do you think
are in today's portion of spaghetti and
meatballs? - 1,025 ? Â Â Â 600 Â ?
 800 ?
25Understanding Food Labels
http//www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/foodlab.htmlseeimag
e2
26(No Transcript)
27Health Consequences
- Hypertension
- High cholesterol/high levels of triglycerides
- Type II Diabetes
- Coronary heart disease (CHD)
- Stroke
- Gallbladder disease
- Osteoarthritis
- Sleep apnea/respiratory problems
- Some cancers
28Cardiovascular Disease
- Causes
- High fat/cholesterol diets
- Overweight
- Lack of physical activity
- Atherosclerosis
- Stroke
- Heart attack
29Hypertension
- Blood Pressure
- Systolic/diastolic
- Silent Killer
- Risk factors
- Eating too much salt
- Lack of physical activity
- Drinking too much alcohol
30Type II Diabetes
- What is Type II Diabetes?
- Insulin
- Blood glucose levels
- Hypoglycemia
- Drop in normal blood glucose levels
- Recommendations
- Weight loss
- Diet
- Physical activity
31Economic Consequences
- Direct Costs
- Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services
- Indirect Costs
- Morbidity
- Mortality
32How much of a strain does obesity put on the
economy?
- In 1998, overweight and obese people caused
medical expenses that accounted for 9.1 percent
(78.5 billion) of total U.S. medical
expenditures. The equivalent of 92.6 billion in
2002 dollars. Obesity alone cost 47.5 billion. - Since 1998 the prevalence of overweight and
obesity has caused a further increase in medical
expenses
33Economic Strain
- Medicare and Medicaid (government programs) were
responsible for about half of these costs. - The majority of Americans want a National Health
Care System, but it is not feasible due to the
economic strain that overweight and obese
Americans place on the government.
34Costs In Florida
- 5.1 of the adult population is obese
- Obesity related medical costs attribute to 3.987
billion in costs - 6.1 of the population is covered by Medicare
(1.29 billion in costs) - 11.6 of the population is covered by Medicaid
(900 million in costs)
35Battling the Bulge
- Government-Based Programs
- The Nutrition and Physical Activity Program to
Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases - National School Lunch Program
- Elderly Nutrition Program
- Local/Community-Based Programs
- Coordinated School Health Programs
- Physical Education Programs
- UF Gator Well Health promotion services
36Recommendations
- A Vision For The Future
- Communication
- Action
- Research and Evaluation
37What the experts say
38Serving Sizes
- Tennis Ball
- Cassette Tape
- Hockey Puck
- Computer Mouse
- 4 Dice
- Bar of Soap
- 1 Serving of cheese
- 1 Serving of Meat, Chicken, or Fish
- 1 Serving of Bread
- 1 Serving of Fruit or Vegetables
- 1 Medium Potato
- 1 Serving of Pasta, Rice, or Cereal Or 1 Bagel