Obesity Epidemic In Adolescence, Young Adults, and Adults - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Obesity Epidemic In Adolescence, Young Adults, and Adults

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Obesity Epidemic In Adolescence, Young Adults, and Adults Battle of the Bulge – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Obesity Epidemic In Adolescence, Young Adults, and Adults


1
Obesity EpidemicIn Adolescence, Young Adults,
and Adults
  • Battle of the Bulge

2
Obesity vs. Overweight
  • Obesity-excessively high amount of body fat or
    adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass BMI
    of 30kg or higher
  • Overweight- body weight in relation to height
    that is greater than some accepted standard but
    less than that defined as obesity BMI of
    25kg-30kg
  • (Nutrition Concepts and Controversies 9th
    edition, Frances Sizer and Eleanor Whitney )

3
Did you know that
  • The US Surgeon General has identified obesity as
    one of the greatest health problems facing our
    nation today
  • In the United States, the Centers for Disease
    Control (CDC) estimates that 300,000 Americans
    die each year from obesity-related illnesses.

4
Obesity in Florida
  • 60 of Florida adults are overweight or obese.
    (CDC BRFSS, 2004)
  • 26 of Florida high-school students are
    overweight or at risk of becoming overweight.
    (CDC YRBSS, 2003)
  • 21 of non-Hispanic white adults, 33 of
    non-Hispanic black adults, and 26 of Hispanic
    adults in Florida are obese. (CDC BRFSS, 2004)
  • 28 of low-income children between 2 and 5 years
    of age in Florida are overweight or at risk of
    becoming overweight. (CDC PedNSS, 2003)

,
5
Trends in Adolescents and Young Adults
6
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7
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8
Child Adolescent Race Trends

Children (Ages 6 to 11)Prevalence () Children (Ages 6 to 11)Prevalence () Adolescents (Ages 12 to 19)Prevalence () Adolescents (Ages 12 to 19)Prevalence ()
Race Overweight Obesity Overweight Obesity
Black 35.9 19.5 40.4 23.6
Mexican 39.3 23.7 43.8 23.4
White 26.2 11.8 26.5 12.7
9
Trends in Adults
10
Obesity Trends By State
11
Obesity Trends By State
Obesity Trends Among US Adults in 2005
12
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13
Obesity Trends
14
Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Overweight Prevalence Among U.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74)
MenPrevalence () MenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence ()
Racial / Ethnic Group 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000
Black (non-Hispanic) 58.2 60.1 68.5 78
Mexican American 69.4 74.4 69.6 71.8
White (non-Hispanic) 61.6 67.5 47.2 57.5
15
Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74) Increase in Obesity Prevalence AmongU.S. Adults (Ages 20 to 74)
MenPrevalence () MenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence () WomenPrevalence ()
Racial / Ethnic Group 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000 1988 to 1994 1999 to 2000
Black (non-Hispanic) 21.3 28.8 39.1 50.8
Mexican American 24.4 29.4 36.1 40.1
White (non-Hispanic) 20.7 27.7 23.3 30.6
16
Obesity Trends
17
Obesity Trends
18
Contributing Factors
  • Genetics
  • Metabolism
  • Behavior/Lifestyle
  • Food Choices
  • Environment
  • Race/Ethnicity
  • Socioeconomic status

19
Socioeconomic Status
  • Income
  • Education
  • Employment
  • Marriage
  • Residence
  • Insel, Paul, Turner, Elaine R., and Ross Don.
    Nutrition. Second Ed.

20
Behavior/Lifestyle
  • Sedentary behaviors
  • Lack of exercise/physical activity
  • Television/Computer/Video Games
  • Poor Diets
  • High calorie/high fat foods
  • Food choices

21
Food Choices
  • Portion Control
  • Food Labels
  • Daily Values
  • Understanding the new Food Guide Pyramid

22
Bagel
20 Years Ago
Today
  • A bagel 20 years ago was 3 inches in diameter and
    had 140 calories. How many calories do you think
    are in today's bagel?
  • 350 ?     250 ?  
      150 ?

23
Cheeseburger
  • A cheeseburger 20 years ago had 333 calories. How
    many calories do you think are in today's
    cheeseburger?
  • 590 ?   620  ? 
     700 ?

24
Spaghetti Meatballs
  • A portion of spaghetti and meatballs 20 years ago
    had 500 calories. How many calories do you think
    are in today's portion of spaghetti and
    meatballs?
  • 1,025 ?     600  ?
     800 ?

25
Understanding Food Labels
http//www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/foodlab.htmlseeimag
e2
26
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27
Health Consequences
  • Hypertension
  • High cholesterol/high levels of triglycerides
  • Type II Diabetes
  • Coronary heart disease (CHD)
  • Stroke
  • Gallbladder disease
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Sleep apnea/respiratory problems
  • Some cancers

28
Cardiovascular Disease
  • Causes
  • High fat/cholesterol diets
  • Overweight
  • Lack of physical activity
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Stroke
  • Heart attack

29
Hypertension
  • Blood Pressure
  • Systolic/diastolic
  • Silent Killer
  • Risk factors
  • Eating too much salt
  • Lack of physical activity
  • Drinking too much alcohol

30
Type II Diabetes
  • What is Type II Diabetes?
  • Insulin
  • Blood glucose levels
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Drop in normal blood glucose levels
  • Recommendations
  • Weight loss
  • Diet
  • Physical activity

31
Economic Consequences
  • Direct Costs
  • Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services
  • Indirect Costs
  • Morbidity
  • Mortality

32
How much of a strain does obesity put on the
economy?
  • In 1998, overweight and obese people caused
    medical expenses that accounted for 9.1 percent
    (78.5 billion) of total U.S. medical
    expenditures. The equivalent of 92.6 billion in
    2002 dollars. Obesity alone cost 47.5 billion.
  • Since 1998 the prevalence of overweight and
    obesity has caused a further increase in medical
    expenses

33
Economic Strain
  • Medicare and Medicaid (government programs) were
    responsible for about half of these costs.
  • The majority of Americans want a National Health
    Care System, but it is not feasible due to the
    economic strain that overweight and obese
    Americans place on the government.

34
Costs In Florida
  • 5.1 of the adult population is obese
  • Obesity related medical costs attribute to 3.987
    billion in costs
  • 6.1 of the population is covered by Medicare
    (1.29 billion in costs)
  • 11.6 of the population is covered by Medicaid
    (900 million in costs)

35
Battling the Bulge
  • Government-Based Programs
  • The Nutrition and Physical Activity Program to
    Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases
  • National School Lunch Program
  • Elderly Nutrition Program
  • Local/Community-Based Programs
  • Coordinated School Health Programs
  • Physical Education Programs
  • UF Gator Well Health promotion services

36
Recommendations
  • A Vision For The Future
  • Communication
  • Action
  • Research and Evaluation

37
What the experts say
38
Serving Sizes
  • Tennis Ball
  • Cassette Tape
  • Hockey Puck
  • Computer Mouse
  • 4 Dice
  • Bar of Soap
  1. 1 Serving of cheese
  2. 1 Serving of Meat, Chicken, or Fish
  3. 1 Serving of Bread
  4. 1 Serving of Fruit or Vegetables
  5. 1 Medium Potato
  6. 1 Serving of Pasta, Rice, or Cereal Or 1 Bagel
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