TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

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(No Transcript)
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TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• ACTION IDENTIFY AND EXECUTE MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES.
• CONDITION GIVEN A CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT,
  POWERPOINT SLIDES.
• STANDARD BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND AND CONDUCT
  MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES IAW FM 3/21.8

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THE FIRE TEAM COMPONENTS
Most infantry operates in "Fire Teams" of three
to four men, with two or three such teams
to squad. When attacking, each man in the team
has a specific job.   1) Fire team leaders
control the fire of their soldiers by using
standard fire commands (initial and
supplemental) containing the following elements
Alert, Direction, Description,
Range, Method of fire (manipulation and rate of
fire), and command to commence firing 2) The
Automatic Rifleman (or light machine gunner)
tries to pin the enemy down. 3) The Grenadier
(armed, usually, with an M203 or the equivalent)
does two things helps the automatic
rifleman isolate the enemy position, and looks
for an opening to shoot a grenade at it. 4)
One or two men, under cover of the Automatic
Rifleman and Grenadier, attempt to close with
the enemy position and kill the enemy.
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ELO 1

• FIRETEAM FORMATIONS

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THE FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS

• WEDGE AND FILE
• USED FOR CONTROL FLEXIBILITY AND SECURITY
• LEADERS ARE UP FRONT IN THE FORMATION WHICH
• ALLOWS THEM TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE.
• FOLLOW ME AND DO AS I DO.
• ALL SOLDIERS IN THE TEAM MUST BE ABLE TO SEE
• THE LEADER

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WEDGE FORMATION

• IS THE BASIC FORMATION FOR THE FIRE TEAM
• THE INTERVAL BETWEEN SOLDIERS IS NORMALLY 10
• METERS
• EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS DEPENDING ON TERRAIN
• WHEN ROUGH TERRAIN AND POOR VISIBILITY OR OTHER
  FACTORS
• MAKE CONTROL OF THE WEDGE DIFFICULT
• - NORMAL INTERVAL IS REDUCED SO THAT THE
• TEAM LEADER CAN SEE HIS OR HER
  SQUAD
• - THE SIDES OF THE WEDGE CAN CONTRACT TO
• THE POINT WHERE THE WEDGE
  RESEMBLES A FILE
• WHEN MOVING IN LESS RUGGED TERRAIN WHERE
  CONTROL
• IS EASIER, SOLDIERS EXPAND OR RESUME THEIR
  ORIGINAL
• POSITIONS

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FIRE TEAM WEDGE
TEAM LEADER
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
GRENADIER
GRENADIER
RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
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FIRE TEAM FILE

• USED WHEN THE TERRAIN PRECLUDES THE USE OF THE
• WEDGE

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COMPARISON OF FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS
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QUESTION

• WHAT FORMATION IS THE BEST TO USE IN LIMITED
  VISIBILITY?

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ELO 2

• SQUAD FORMATIONS

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SQUAD FORMATIONS

• SQUAD FORMATIONS DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIPS
  BETWEEN
• FIRE TEAMS IN THE SQUAD.
• THEY INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING
• SQUAD COLUMN
• SQUAD LINE

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SQUAD COLUMN

• IS THE SQUADS MOST COMMON FORMATION
• IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION LATERALLY AND IN
  DEPTH
• WITHOUT SACRIFICING CONTOL, WHILE FACILITATING
  GOOD
• MANUEVERABILITY
• WHEN THE SQUAD MOVES INDEPENDENTLY OR AS THE
  REAR
• ELEMENT OF THE PLATOON, THE RIFLEMAN IN THE
  TRAIL FIRE
• TEAM PROVIDES REAR SECURITY

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SQUAD COLUMN WITH FIRE TEAMS IN COLUMN.
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SQUAD LINE
TEAM LEADER
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
GRENADIER
GRENADIER
RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
SQUAD LEADER

• THE SQUAD LINE PROVIDES MAXIMUM FIREPOWER TO
  THE
• FRONT.
• WHEN THE SQUAD IS ACTING AS THE BASE SQUAD, THE
  FIRE
• TEAM ON THE RIGHT IS THE BASE FIRE TEAM

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SQUAD FILE

• IS USED WHEN NOT TRAVELING IN A COLUMN OR LINE
• HAS THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS AS THE FIRE TEAM
  FILE
• SQUAD LEADER CAN BE MOVED FROM NORMAL POSITION
  TO
• THE FIRST OR SECOND POSITION
• - TO INCREASE CONTROL OVER THE FORMATION
• - EXERT GREATER MORAL PRESENCE BY LEADING
• FROM THE FRONT
• - IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE TO MAKE KEY DECISIONS
• ADDITIONAL CONTROL OVER THE REAR OF THE
  FORMATION CAN
• BE PROVIDED BY MOVING A TEAM LEADER TO THE
  LAST POSTION.

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SQUAD FILE
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COMPARISON OF SQUAD FORMATIONS
CHARACTERISTICS
WHEN NORMALLY USED
MOVEMENT FORMATION
FIRE CAPABILITIES / RESTRICTIONS
CONTROL
FLEXIBILITY
SECURITY
SQUAD COLUMN
SQUAD PRIMARY FORMATION
GOOD
FACILITATES MANEUVER, GOOD DISPERSION LATERALLY AN
D IN DEPTH
ALLOWS LARGE VOLUME OF FIRE TO THE FLANK
LIMMITED VOLUME TO THE FRONT
ALL - AROUND
FIRE TEAM FILE
WHEN MAXIMUM FIREPOWER IS REQUIRED TO THE FRONT
NOT AS GOOD AS SQUAD COLUMN
LIMITED MANEUVER CAPABILITY (BOTH FIRE TEAMS
COMMITTED).
ALLOWS MAXIMUM IMMEDIATE FIRE TO THE FRONT
GOOD TO THE FRONT LITTLE TO THE FLANKS AND REAR
SQUAD FILE
CLOSE TERRAIN VEGETATION LIMITED
VISIBILITY CONDITIONS
EASIEST
MOST DIFFICULT FORMATION FROM WHICH TO MANEUVER
ALLOWS MAXIMUM IMMEDIATE FIRE TO THE FLANK
MASKS MOST FIRE TO THE FRONT AND REAR
LEAST
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QUESTION

• WHAT IS THE PRIMARY FORMATION IN SQUAD
  MOVEMENTS?

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ELO 3

• PLATOON FORMATIONS

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PLATOON FORMATIONS

• PLATOON FORMATIONS CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING
• - PLATOON IN COLUMN
• - PLATOON LINE (SQUADS ON LINE OR IN COLUMN)
• - PLATOON VEE
• - PLATOON WEDGE
• THE LEADER SHOULD WEIGH THESE CAREFULLY TO
  SELECT THE
• BEST FORMATION BASED ON HIS MISSION AND ON
  METT-T
• (MISSION, EQUIPMENT, TERRAIN, TROOPS
  AVAILABLE AND TIME
• AVAILABLE) ANALYSIS

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PLATOON COLUMN

• IS THE SQUADS PLATOONS PRIMARY MOVEMENT
  FORMATION
• IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION BOTH LATERALLY AND
  IN DEPTH
• AND SIMPLIFIES CONTROL.
• THE LEAD SQUAD IS THE BASE SQUAD.
• NOTE METT-T WILL DETERMINE WHERE CREW SERVED
  WEAPONS
• WILL MOVE IN THE FORMATION. THEY
  NORMALLY MOVE
• WITH THE PLATOON LEADER SO HE CAN
  QUICKLY ESTABLISH
• A BASE OF FIRE

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PLATOON IN COLUMN
TL
GRN
AR
R
LEAD SQUAD
SL
TL
AR
GRN
R
X
PLT LDR
RATELO
FO
FO RATELO
MG CREW
MG CREW
TL
CENTER SQUAD
AR
GRN
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN COMBAT LIFE
SAVER FO- FORWARD OBSERVER
R
SL
GRN
TL
R
AR
PSG
AID MAIN (CLS)
TL
TRAIL SQUAD
AR
GRN
R
SL
TL
GRN
AR
R
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PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS ON - LINE

• BASIC PLATOON ASSAULT FORMATION
• THIS FORMATION ALLOWS THE DELIVERY OF MAXIMUM
  FIRE TO
• THE FRONT BUT LITTLE FIRE TO THE FLANKS.
• IS HARD TO CONTROL AND DOES NOT ALOW FOR RAPID
  MOVEMENT
• WHEN TWO OR MORE PLATOONS ARE ATTACKING, THE
  COMPANY
• COMMANDER CHOOSES ONE OF THEM AS THE BASE
  PLATOON.
• THE BASE PLATOONS CENTER SQUAD IS ITS BASE
  SQUAD.
• WHEN THE PLATOON IS NOT ACTING AS THE BASE
  PLATOON, ITS BASE
• SQUAD IS ITS FLANK SQUAD NEAREST THE BASE
  PLATOON.
• THE MACHINE GUNS CAN MOVE WITH THE PLATOON, OR
  THEY CAN
• SUPPORT BY FIRE FROM A SUPPORT POSITION.

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PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS - ON - LINE
TL
TL
TL
TL
TL
TL
GRN
GRN
AR
AR
GRN
AR
AR
GRN
GRN
AR
AR
GRN
SL
SL
SL
PSG
X
PLT LDR
R
R
R
R
R
R
AR
RATELO
AID MAIN (CLS)
FO
MG CREW
FO RATELO
MG CREW
CENTER SQUAD
RIGHT FLANK SQUAD
LEFT FLANK SQUAD
NOTE SQUAD LEADER (SL) POSITIONS HIMSELF
WHERE HE CAN BEST CONTROL THE
SQUAD
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN COMBAT LIFE
SAVER
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PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS IN - COLUMN

• USED WHEN THE PLATOON LEADER DOES NOT WANT TO
  DEPLOY ALL
• PERSONNEL ON LINE. AND WHEN HE WANTS THE
  SQUADS TO REACT TO
• UNEXPECTED CONTACT.
• IS EASY TO CONTROL AND IS MORE CAPABLE OF
  RAPID MOVEMENT
• THE PLATOON-LINE OR SQUADS-ON-LINE FORMATION.
• DOES NOT FACILITATE RAPID MOVEMENT AS WELL AS A
  PLATOON IN
• COLUMN
• BASE SQUAD IS THE CENTER SQUAD
• WHEN NOT SERVING AS THE BASE PLATOON, THE FLANK
  NEAREST THE
• BASE PLATOON IS THE BASE SQUAD

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PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS IN - COLUMN
TL
TL
TL
GRN
GRN
AR
AR
GRN
AR
R
X
PLT LDR
R
R
PSG
FO
RATELO
MG CREW
SL
SL
SL
AID MAIN (CLS)
MG CREW
TL
TL
TL
AR
GRN
AR
GRN
AR
GRN
FO RATELO
R
R
R
RIGHT FLANK SQUAD
LEFT FLANK SQUAD
CENTER SQUAD
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN COMBAT LIFE
SAVER
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PLATOON VEE

• HAS TWO SQUADS UP FRONT TO PROVIDE A HEAVY
  VOLUME OF FIRE
• ON CONTACT
• ONE SQUAD SERVES AS EITHER OVERWATCH OR TRAIL
  FOR THE OTHER
• SQUADS
• FORMATION IS HARD TO CONTROL
• MOVEMENT IS SLOW
• THE PLATOON LEADER DESIGNATES ONE OF THE FRONT
  SQUADS TO BE
• THE PLATOONS BASE SQUAD.

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TL
TL
PLATOON VEE
AR
GRN
GRN
AR
R
R
SL
X
PLT LDR
SL
TL
RATELO
TL
AR
GRN
FO
GRN
AR
MG CREW
FO RATELO
R
R
PSG
AID MAIN (CLS)
LEFT FLANK SQUAD
RIGHT FLANK SQUAD
MG CREW
TL
GRN
AR
SL
R
TL
AR
GRN
R
CENTER SQUAD
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW FO- FORWARD OBSERVER AID
MAN COMBAT LIFE SAVER
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PLATOON WEDGE

• HAS TWO SQUADS IN THE REAR THAT CAN OVERWATCH
  OR TRAIL THE
• LEAD SQUAD
• PROVIDES A LARGE VOLUME OF FIRE TO THE FRONT OR
  FLANKS.
• IT ALLOWS THE PLATOON LEADER TO MAKE CONTACT
  WITH A SQUAD
• AND STILL HAVE ONE OR TWO SQUADS FOR MANEUVER.
• THE LEAD SQUAD IS THE BASE SQUAD

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PLATOON WEDGE
TL
GRN
AR
R
SL
TL
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN COMBAT LIFE
SAVER
GRN
AR
R
LEAD SQUAD
PLT LDR
X
RATELO
FO
MG CREW
FO RATELO
PSG
AID MAIN (CLS)
MG CREW
TL
TL
GRN
AR
R
GRN
AR
SL
R
SL
TL
AR
TL
GRN
GRN
AR
R
R
RIGHT FLANK SQUAD
LEFT FLANK SQUAD
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PLATOON FILE

• SINGLE PLATOON FILE WITH A FRONT SECURITY
  ELEMENT (POINT) AND
• FLANK SECURITY ELEMENTS.
• USED WHEN VISIBILITY IS POOR DUE TO TERRAIN,
  VEGETATION, OR
• LIGHT CONDITIONS.
• DISTANCE IS LESS THAN IN OTHER FORMATIONS, TO
  ALLOW
• COMMUNICATION BY PASSING MESSAGES UP AND DOWN
  THE FILE.
• HAS THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS AS THE FIRE TEAM
  AND SQUAD
• FILES

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TL
PLATOON FILE
POINT SECURITY TEAM
GRN
AR
R
SL
X
PLT LDR
FO RATELO
FO
RATELO
MG CREW
TL
TL
MG CREW
GRN
AR
GRN
TL
R
AR
R
GRN
AR
FLANK SECURITY TEAM
R
FLANK SECURITY TEAM
SL
TL
GRN
AR
R
LEGEND PLT LDR PLATOON LEADER PSG PLATOON
SERGEANT SL SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN-
GRENADIER R RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC
RIFLEMAN RATELO RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG
CREW MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN COMBAT LIFE
SAVER
AID MAIN (CLS)
PSG
TL
GRN
AR
R
SL
TL
GRN
AR
R
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COMPARISON OF PLATOON FORMATIONS
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MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES

• A MOVEMENT TECHNIQUE IS THE MANNER A PLATOON
  USES TO TRAVERSE TERRAIN.
• THERE ARE THREE MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES
• TRAVELING
• TRAVELING OVERWATCH
• BOUNDING OVERWATCH
• THE SELECTION OF A MOVEMENT TECHINIQUE IS BASED
  ON THE LIKELIHOOD OF ENEMY
• CONTACT AND THE NEED FOR SPEED
• MOVEMENT TECHINQUES ARE NOT FIXED FORMATIONS.
• THEY REFER TO THE DISTANCE BETWEEN SOLDIERS,
  TEAMS, AND SQUADS THAT VARY BASED ON
• MISSION, ENEMY, TERRAIN, VISIBILITY, AND ANY
• OTHER FACTORS THAT AFFECTS CONTROL.

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MOVEMENT TECHNIQUES AND CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS
WHEN NORMALLY USED
MOVEMENT FORMATION
SPEED
FLEXIBILITY
SECURITY
CONTROL
CONTACT NOT LIKELY
MORE
LESS
FASTEST
LEAST
TRAVELING
CONTACT POSSIBLE
LESS
MORE
SLOWER
MORE
TRAVELING OVERWATCH
CONTACT EXPECTED
MOST
MOST
SLOWEST
MOST
BOUNDING OVERWATCH
NOTE THE PLATOON LEADER WILL DIRECT WHICH
MOVEMENT TECHNIQUE THE SQUAD WILL USE
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TRAVELING

• USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY IS NOT LIKELY AND
  SPEED IS NEEDED

TEAM LEADER
GRENDIER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
SQUAD LEADER
20 METERS
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
GRENDIER
RIFLEMAN
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TRAVELING OVERWATCH

• USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY IS POSSIBLE
• ATTACHED WEAPONS MOVE NEAR THE SQUAD LEADER AND
  UNDER THIS
• CONTROL SO HE OR SHE CAN DEPLOY THEM QUICKLY.

TEAM LEADER
GRENADIER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
RIFLEMAN
50 METERS
SQUAD LEADER
TEAM LEADER
AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN
GRENADIER
RIFLEMAN
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BOUNDING OVERWATCH

• USED WHEN CONTACT WITH ENEMY EXPECTED OR A
  DANGER AREA MUST
• BE CROSSED
• THE LEAD TEAM OVERWATCHES AS SOLDIERS SCAN THE
  AREA. SQUAD
• LEADER USUALLY STAYS WITH THE OVERWATCH TEAM.
• THE TRAIL FIRE TEAM BOUNDS AND SIGNALS THE
  SQUAD LEADER WHEN HIS
• TEAM COMPLETES ITS BOUND AND IS PREPARED TO
  OVERWATCH THE
• MOVEMENT OF THE OTHER TEAM
• BOTH TEAM LEADERS NEED TO KNOW
• IF SUCCESSIVE OR ALTERNATE BOUNDS WILL BE USED
  AND WHERE
• WHICH TEAM THE SQUAD LEADER WILL BE IN.
• ROUTE, DESTINATION, POSSIBLE ENEMY LOCATIONS,
  ACTIONS TO TAKE
• WHEN THEY ARIVE AT THEIR DESTINATION, AND HOW
  HE OR SHE WILL
• RECEIVE HIS OR HER INSTRUCTIONS.

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EXAMPLE OF SQUAD LEADERS ORDER TO BOUND
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SQUAD SUCCESSIVE AND ALTERNATE BOUNDS
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ACTIONS AT DANGER AREAS

• A DANGER AREA IS ANY PLACE ON A ROUTE WERE THE
  LEADERS ESTIMATE
• PROCESS TELLS HIM OR HER THAT THE SOLDIERS
  MIGHT BE EXPOSED TO ENEMY
• OBSERVATION, FIRE, OR BOTH. IF A PLATOON
  MUST CROSS A DANGER AREA
• IT DOES SO WITH GREAT CAUTION AND AS QUICKLY
  AS POSSIBLE.
• TYPES OF DANGER AREAS
• OPEN AREAS CONCEAL THE PLATOON ON THE NEAR
  SIDE AND OBSERVE
• THE AREA. POST SECURITY TO GIVE EARLY WARNING.
  SEND AN ELEMENT
• ACROSS TO CLEAR THE FAR SIDE. WHEN CLEARED,
  CROSS THE REMAINDER
• OF THE PLATOON AT THE FAR SIDE.
• ROADS AND TRAILS CROSS ROADS OR TRAILS AT OR
  NEAR A BEND A
• NARROW SPOT OR ON LOW GROUND
• VILLAGES PASS VILLAGES ON THE DOWNWIND SIDE AND
  WELL AWAY
• FROM THEM. AVOIDE ANIMALS, ESPECIALLY DOGS,
  WHICH MIGHT
• REVEAL THE PRESENSE OF THE PLATOON
• ENEMY POSITIONS PASS ON THE DOWNWIND SIDE (THE
  ENEMY MIGHT
• HAVE SCOUT DOGS. BE ALERT FOR TRIP WIRES AND
  WARNING DEVICES
• MINEFIELDS BYPASS MINEFIELDS IF AT ALL POSSIBLE
  EVEN IF IT

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ACTIONS AT DANGER AREAS (CONT.)

• - STREAMS SELECT A NARROW SPOT IN THE STREAM
  THAT OFFERS
• CONCEALMENT ON BOTH BANKS. OBSERVE THE
  FARSIDE CAREFULLY.
• EMPLACE NEAR AND FAR-SIDE
  SECURITY FOR EARLY WARNING. CLEAR
• THE FAR SID, THEN CROSS
  RAPIDLY BUT QUIETLY
• - WIRE OBSTACLES AVOID WIRE OBSTICALES (THE
  ENEMY COVERS
• OBSTACLES WITH OBSERVATION AND FIRE).
• CROSSING OF DANGER AREAS WHEN A TEAM/ SQUAD
  CROSSES A DANGER AREA IT MUST
• DESIGNATE NEAR AND FAR SIDE RALLY POINTS
• SECURE THE NEAR SIDE (RIGHT,LEFT FLANKS, AND REAR
  SECURITY).
• RECON. AND SECURE THE FAR SIDE
• EXECUTE CROSSING THE DANGER AREA.

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CROSSING A DANGER AREA.
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CROSSING A LARGE OPEN AREA.
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SUMMARY

• IN THIS LESSON, WE LEARNED THE MOVEMENT
  TECHNIQUES OF THE INFANTRY FIRETEAM, SQUAD AND
  PLATOON.WE ALSO LEARNED WHEN TO USE FORMATIONS
  SUCH AS THE WEDGE, FILE AND COLUMN.
• IDENTIFYING AND CROSSING DANGER AREAS IN
  ACCORDANCE WITH FM 3/21.8.

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CHECK ON LEARNING