Title: ?????,????(??P.F)????:
1????(?)
??????
?????? ?? ??????????? ??? ?????,????,???????,???
??,??????
2????(Power Factor)???
?????,????(??P.F)????
P
P
S
P.F ------------- ----------------------
P jQ
??, S???(????),SPjQ, P2Q2 P????,?????????
???,?????(KW)? Q????,?????,?????(KVAR),??????????
????
S
3????
????????,??????,???????,???????,???????????????(??
?),??????????????,????????????
4???????
????????????????,??????????????????????????,?????
???,?????????????????????,????????????????????,???
??????????,???????????????????????,?????????
5??????????
P(KW)
QL (KVAR)
?
S(KVA)
QC (KVAR)
S(KVA)
?
P(KW)
(a)?????
(b)?????
6 ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????
???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??
????? ?? 1?? 10?? 100?? 1000??(20?) 10000??(60?) 82 86 86 80 68 68 72 72 66 50 16 14 11 6 5
????? ?? 1/8?? 1/4?? 1/2?? 62 66 72 43 45 54 21 18 17
?????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? 100 50-95 ??? 50-75 50 70-95 30-40 85 60-80 10-20 100 50-95 ??? 50-75 50 70-95 30-40 85 60-80 10-20 100 50-95 ??? 50-75 50 70-95 30-40 85 60-80 10-20
?????????
7??????
?????SP P1 P2 P3.... ?????SQ Q1Q2 Q3....
SP (SP)2( SQ)2
???????P.F
8???
???????????20KVA,P.F.1,???30KVA,P.F.0.9,??,????
?500KVA,P.F.0.8????????????????
9?????????
???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????
10???????????
?????
IL1cos?L
EL
?L
IL1sin?L
?????
IL1cos?L
EL
IL2 IL1
?L IL2
?2
IL2sin?L2
IC
IL1
11???????????
12????????
????????????(???????KW??),????????????,??????? ?IL
1???????????(???????)? ?IL2?????????? cos?L
??????? ?
IL2IL1cos?L-jIL1sin?L jIC IL2(IL1cos?L)2(IC-I
L1sin?L)2
13?????????
??????eS,??????eR,??????e?
eeS- eR
I(Rcos ?Xsin?) Icos ? (RXsin?/ cos ?) Icos ?
(RXtan?)
??-- I????(A) R??????(O) X??????(O)
14??????????
????????????????????????????????????,?????????????
??,???????????????????????2.5-7.5 ?????????????
?1-(??cos ?/???cos ? )2?
15??????????
?????????????????????,????????????,???????????????
????
S1-S2
S1
cos ?2
-1 -1
S2
S2
cos ?1
16??????????????????
???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????
???????? 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0.5 20 40 60 80 100
0.6 0 17 33 50 67
0.7 - 0 15 29 43
0.8 - - 0 13 25
0.9 - - - 0 11
17????????
????????????????,????????????????????????,??????,?
???????????,??????????????,?????????,???????,?????
??????1.5?
KWH
P.F.av(????)
100
(KWH)2(KVARH)2
18???
????????0.8,?????????100KVA,?????????0.95?,??????
??????????????????????????????
19????
???????????????KVAR(??),???????????µF(???)????
20KVAR???????,?1
21KVAR???????,?2
22KVAR???????,?3
23?????????
24KVAR?µ F?60Hz?????
25KVA,KW,KVAR???
KW
?2
KVA2
KVAR2
?1
KVAR2
KVA1
CKVAR
26??????????
CKVAR KVAR1-KVAR2 KW(tan?1-tan?2)
27???????(tan?1?tan?2)????
28???
??????500KW,?????0.8,????????0.95,???????KVAR?µF??
???????60Hz,?????220V?
29???
?800KW???,?????0.8,????????0.9,???????KVAR?
30??????
??????????110???,?????????????????????,??????,???
????????????135????????,?????,??????????????????,
??????,?????,????????????,??????????,??????????,??
????50V???600V???????,?????????,??????50V???
31??????
?????????????? ????????KVAR ??KVAR(????/????)2
32????????
33????????
??????????????????????????????? 3
????????????????(pu),?????? ??????????????????
? ?,???I2X?
34??????
35????
36????????
- ?????????,??
- ????????(15-0)
- ???????
- ???????????,???????110
- ??????????????(??????,????????)???,???????????????
???????????????,???????????????????????????135?
37???????????,??????,??????135?????,????????(Switch
ing Surge)???????,????,???????????,??,??????????
1.??????????135?? 2.?????????????????? 3.??????,?
????????
38????,???????????????????????(Load Break
Switch)??????????????????,??????????????????,???1.
500KVAR??,?????????????????????(51)????????(51N)?,
????????(59)??????(27)?
39???????????
40??
- ??????????? ,??????,???????????
- ????????????
- ???????,????????
41??
- ????????(BIL)??????
- ?????,?????????
- ?????????,????????,????????
- ????????????
42?????Y??
43??
- ???????,????????
- ????????????????,???????
- ?????,????????
44??
- ????????????,??????????????
- ?????,????????,????????
- ???????????,???????????????????
- ??????????????????,??????????
45??????Y??
46??
- ????????????????,???????
- ????????,?????????????????????????????????
47??
- ??????????(BIL)???????
- ???????,???????????
- ????????????,??????????,?????????
- ??????,??????????
- ??????????????
- ??????????????,??????????
48??????????
?????????,???????????????,????????????????,??????
???,????????????,?????????????????????,??????,????
???????
49??????????????
- ????
- ????
- ??????
- ??????
- ??????
50???
?????????220V???7.5HP2?,10HP3?,15HP2?,5HP4?,????
??0.8,????PVC???,?????????0.95,??????????,?? 1.??
????????(KVAR)???? 2.???????? 3.??????????????????
???(??60Hz)
51? (1)??????????-??????????
52? (2)
??
53? (3) ?????????????????- ???????(NFB)??????????
????????,????3P225AF125AT,IC(NFB?????)????????
54????-??????
1.???? (1)????????0.95???? (2)???????0.85?,???0.8
5?,???0.6?? (3)???????0.9?,???0.85?? (4)???????0.7
5??
55????-??????
2.??? Qm-----------------(tan?1-tan?2) Qlt??(?
?)??(KW)??(tan?1-tan?2) Qt?????(KVA)?????(??)
????(KW)?? ??
56????-??????
3.?? Qm(933.50.736)0.6/0.85(0.264)60.3KVAR Q
lt1341.653KW0.850.15177.5KVAR Qtl(7500.0385)
0.750.75232.5KVAR Qtl(5000.0385)0.750.751
0.8KVAR QS60.3177.532.510.8281.1KVAR
57????-??????
4.?? ????????30KVAR6,20KVAR6,20KVAR4???,??380K
VAR??????????0.95?