Ecology

1
Ecology
2

• Which organism is a producer in this food web?
• Krill
• Cod
• Algae
• Squid

3

• Which organism is a producer in this food web?
• Krill
• Cod
• Algae
• Squid

4

• Which organism is an omnivore in this food web?
• Leopard Seal
• Squid
• Small Animals
• Cod

5

• Which organism is an omnivore in this food web?
• Leopard Seal
• Squid
• Small Animals
• Cod

6

• Which population would directly increase with the
  extinction of the crabeater seal population?
• Killer Whale
• Krill
• Algae
• Leopard Seal

7

• Which population would directly increase with the
  extinction of the crabeater seal population?
• Killer Whale
• Krill
• Algae
• Leopard Seal

8

• How many producers are pictured in this food web?
  
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

9

• How many producers are pictured in this food web?
  
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

10

• What kind of relationship exists between the fish
  and the insects?
• Competition
• Mutualism
• Parasitism
• Predator/prey

11

• What kind of relationship exists between the fish
  and the insects?
• Competition
• Mutualism
• Parasitism
• Predator/prey

12

• Which population would be most affected by the
  extinction of the insects?
• Fish
• Aquatic Plants
• Snails
• Decomposers

13

• Which population would be most affected by the
  extinction of the insects?
• Fish
• Aquatic Plants
• Snails
• Decomposers

14

• What kind of relationship exists between the
  mouse and the rabbit?
• Mutualism
• Competition
• Predator/prey
• Parasitism

15

• What kind of relationship exists between the
  mouse and the rabbit?
• Mutualism
• Competition
• Predator/prey
• Parasitism

16

• Which organism is a carnivore?
• Caterpillar
• Mouse
• Frog
• Grass

17

• Which organism is a carnivore?
• Caterpillar
• Mouse
• Frog
• Grass

18

• An energy pyramid containing autotrophs and
  other organisms from a food chain is represented
  below.
• Carnivores would most likely be located in
• level I, only
• (B) level I and level II
• (C) level III, only
• (D) level II and level III

19

• An energy pyramid containing autotrophs and
  other organisms from a food chain is represented
  below.
• Carnivores would most likely be located in
• level I, only
• (B) level I and level II
• (C) level III, only
• (D) level II and level III

20
Which of the following statements about savannas
is true?

• a. During the wet season, they receive little
  rain.
• b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
• c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
• d. They do not receive enough rain to support
  trees.

21

• a. During the wet season, they receive little
  rain.
• b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
• c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
• d. They do not receive enough rain to support
  trees.

22
____ are the main abiotic factors that determine
the type of biome found in a region.

• Rainfall and temperature
• Shade and wildlife
• Temperature and elevation
• d. Soil color and acidity

23
____ are the main abiotic factors that determine
the type of biome found in a region.

• Rainfall and temperature
• Shade and wildlife
• Temperature and elevation
• d. Soil color and acidity

24
Because this biome is located along the equator,
it doesn't have any seasons.

1. Tropical Rainforest
2. Taiga
3. Tundra
4. Temperate Deciduous Forest

25
Because this biome is located along the equator,
it doesn't have any seasons.

1. Tropical Rainforest
2. Taiga
3. Tundra
4. Temperate Deciduous Forest

26
The predominant types of plants in this biome are
lichen and moss which grow close to the ground to
help prevent freezing.

1. Temperate Deciduous Forest
2. Taiga
3. Tundra
4. Grassland

27
The predominant types of plants in this biome are
lichen and moss which grow close to the ground to
help prevent freezing.

1. Temperate Deciduous Forest
2. Taiga
3. Tundra
4. Grassland

28
This biome has long cold winters with trees with
needles instead of leaves and can be found in
Russia and Canada.

1. Taiga
2. Tundra
3. Temperate Deciduous Forest
4. Tropical Rainforest

29
This biome has long cold winters with trees with
needles instead of leaves and can be found in
Russia and Canada.

1. Taiga
2. Tundra
3. Temperate Deciduous Forest
4. Tropical Rainforest

30
The most biologically diverse biome is the

• swamp.
• grassland.
• tundra.
• tropical rain forest.

31
The most biologically diverse biome is the

• swamp.
• grassland.
• tundra.
• tropical rain forest.

32
Which of the following describes the location of
the tundra biome?

1. East coast of the U.S.
2. Just north of the United States
3. North of Canada
4. Central America

33
Which of the following describes the location of
the tundra biome?

1. East coast of the U.S.
2. Just north of the United States
3. North of Canada
4. Central America

34
Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

• a. coniferous c. deciduous
• b. permafrost d. abiotic

35
Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.

• a. coniferous c. deciduous
• b. permafrost d. abiotic

36
Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in
winter by

• growing spines.
• staying green year-round.
• hibernating.
• losing their leaves.

37
Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in
winter by

• growing spines.
• staying green year-round.
• hibernating.
• losing their leaves.

38
____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose
their leaves in autumn.

• Coniferous
• Deciduous
• Tropical
• Abiotic

39
____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose
their leaves in autumn.

• Coniferous
• Deciduous
• Tropical
• Abiotic

40
The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

• nutrient rich and fertile.
• swampy and rich
• nutrient poor.
• d. has permafrost

41
The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually

• nutrient rich and fertile.
• swampy and rich
• nutrient poor.
• d. has permafrost

42

• A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
  clumps of trees.
• a. prairie c. pampas
• b. savanna d. steppe

43

• A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered
  clumps of trees.
• a. prairie c. pampas
• b. savanna d. steppe

44

• Salt and fresh water mix in
• a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
• b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

45

• Salt and fresh water mix in
• a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
• b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

46

• In temperate deciduous forests,
• a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
  survive the cold winter.
• b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
  forest floor.
• many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
• All of the above

47

• In temperate deciduous forests,
• a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to
  survive the cold winter.
• b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the
  forest floor.
• c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
• d. All of the above

48

• Tropical rain forests contain
• many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above
  the forest floor.
• b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for
  support.
• many low-growing plants that do not require a lot
  of light.
• d. All of the above

49

• Tropical rain forests contain
• a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy
  above the forest floor.
• b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.
• c. many low-growing plants that do not require a
  lot of light.
• d. All of the above

50

• Which biome has the highest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
• b. coniferous forest d. grassland

51

• Which biome has the highest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
• b. coniferous forest d. grassland

52

• Which biome has the lowest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. desert c. taiga
• b. savanna d. coniferous forest

53

• Which biome has the lowest average yearly
  rainfall?
• a. desert c. taiga
• b. savanna d. coniferous forest

54
A role an organism plays in its environment is
called a ______

1. Habitat
2. Niche
3. Population
4. Community

55
A role an organism plays in its environment is
called a ______

1. Habitat
2. Niche
3. Population
4. Community

56
A region of Earth that has a particular climate
and certain types of plants and animals

1. Biome
2. Landscape
3. Habitat
4. Niche

57
A region of Earth that has a particular climate
and certain types of plants and animals

1. Biome
2. Landscape
3. Habitat
4. Niche

58
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a
biome?

1. Plants
2. Animals
3. Trees
4. Precipitation

59
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a
biome?

1. Plants
2. Animals
3. Trees
4. Precipitation

60

• Many species of plants interact with harmless
  underground fungi. The fungi enable the plants to
  absorb certain essential minerals and the plants
  provide the fungi with carbohydrates and other
  nutrients. This describes an interaction between
  a
• parasite and its host
• scavenger and a decomposer
• (C) predator and its prey
• (D) producer and a consumer

61

• Many species of plants interact with harmless
  underground fungi. The fungi enable the plants to
  absorb certain essential minerals and the plants
  provide the fungi with carbohydrates and other
  nutrients. This describes an interaction between
  a
• parasite and its host
• scavenger and a decomposer
• (C) predator and its prey
• (D) producer and a consumer

62

• The diagram below represents a pyramid of energy
  that includes both producers and consumers.
• The greatest a mount of available energy is found
  at level
• (A) 1
• (B) 2
• (C) 3
• (D) 4

63

• The diagram below represents a pyramid of energy
  that includes both producers and consumers.
• The greatest a mount of available energy is found
  at level
• (A) 1
• (B) 2
• (C) 3
• (D) 4

64

• When brown tree snakes were accidentally
  introduced onto the island of Guam, they had no
  natural predators . These snakes sought out and
  ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. What
  probably occurred following the introduction of
  the brown tree snakes?
• The bird population increased.
• (B) The bird population began to seek a new food
  source.
• (C) The insect population increased.
• (D) The insect population began to seek a new
  food source.

65

• When brown tree snakes were accidentally
  introduced onto the island of Guam, they had no
  natural predators . These snakes sought out and
  ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. What
  probably occurred following the introduction of
  the brown tree snakes?
• The bird population increased.
• (B) The bird population began to seek a new food
  source.
• (C) The insect population increased.
• (D) The insect population began to seek a new
  food source.

66

• If the frogs feed on insect larvae, what is the
  role of the frogs in this pond ecosystem?
• Herbivore
• parasite
• consumer
• host

67

• If the frogs feed on insect larvae, what is the
  role of the frogs in this pond ecosystem?
• Herbivore
• parasite
• consumer
• host

68

• The removal of nearly all the predators from an
  ecosystem would most likely result in
• an increase in the number of carnivore species
• a decrease in the size of decomposers
• (C) a decrease in new predators migrating into
  the ecosystem
• (D) an increase in the number of herbivores

69

• The removal of nearly all the predators from an
  ecosystem would most likely result in
• an increase in the number of carnivore species
• a decrease in the size of decomposers
• (C) a decrease in new predators migrating into
  the ecosystem
• (D) an increase in the number of herbivores

70

• How much energy would be available to the
  organisms in level C?
• (A) all of the energy in level A, plus the energy
  in level B
• (B) all of the energy in level A, minus the
  energy in level B
• (C) a percentage of the energy contained in level
  B
• (D) a percentage of the energy synthesized in
  level B and level D

71

• How much energy would be available to the
  organisms in level C?
• (A) all of the energy in level A, plus the energy
  in level B
• (B) all of the energy in level A, minus the
  energy in level B
• (C) a percentage of the energy contained in level
  B
• (D) a percentage of the energy synthesized in
  level B and level D

72
Where in the Energy Pyramid below would Producers
be placed in?
A) A B) B C) C D)D
73
Where in the Energy Pyramid below would Producers
be placed in?
A) A B) B C) C D)D
74
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76

• Which of the examples below can BEST be described
  as mutualism between animals?
• a. a tapeworm lives in the intestine of a bird
  and consumes the food that the bird has eaten
  b. mountain lions and wolves fight each other
  for the same deer c. a bird eats parasites off
  of a rhinoceros while the rhinoceros provides
  protection to the bird d. rats live in the
  garbage dump of a town and rarely interact with
  people

77

• Which of the examples below can BEST be described
  as mutualism between animals?
• a. a tapeworm lives in the intestine of a bird
  and consumes the food that the bird has eaten
  b. mountain lions and wolves fight each other
  for the same deer c. a bird eats parasites off
  of a rhinoceros while the rhinoceros provides
  protection to the bird d. rats live in the
  garbage dump of a town and rarely interact with
  people

78

• Which ocean organism is considered a producer?
   
• a. phytoplankton   b. zooplankton  
  c. small fish   d. whales  

79

• Which ocean organism is considered a producer?
   
• a. phytoplankton   b. zooplankton  
  c. small fish   d. whales  

80

• Roberto feeds his pet iguana a mixture of salad
  greens, carrots, squash, crickets, and worms as
  part of his regular diet. What type of consumer
  is the iguana?
• a. herbivore b. carnivore c. omnivore
  d. decomposer

81

• Roberto feeds his pet iguana a mixture of salad
  greens, carrots, squash, crickets, and worms as
  part of his regular diet. What type of consumer
  is the iguana?
• a. herbivore b. carnivore c. omnivore
  d. decomposer

82

• Organisms that absorb nutrients from dead plants
  and animals are called a. carnivores.
  b. decomposers. c. herbivores.
  d. producers.

83

• Organisms that absorb nutrients from dead plants
  and animals are called a. carnivores.
  b. decomposers. c. herbivores.
  d. producers.

84

• The spotted turtle is common in fresh water. It
  eats insects, tadpoles, dead fish, and tender
  aquatic plants. Which of these best describes the
  spotted turtle? a. A herbivore b. A carnivore
  c. An omnivore d. A decomposer

85

• The spotted turtle is common in fresh water. It
  eats insects, tadpoles, dead fish, and tender
  aquatic plants. Which of these best describes the
  spotted turtle? a. A herbivore b. A carnivore
  c. An omnivore d. A decomposer

86

• Which population would directly increase if the
  population of owls decreased?
• A. Mice
• B. Rabbits
• C. Frogs
• D. Foxes

87

• Which population would directly increase if the
  population of owls decreased?
• A. Mice
• B. Rabbits
• C. Frogs
• D. Foxes

88

• Which of the following best describes an energy
  pyramid?
• A. Shows how energy is lost as you move up a food
  chain.
• B. Shows the effects of losing a top predator in
  an ecosystem.
• C. illustrates the many possible interactions
  among organisms in an ecosystem.
• D. Shows the importance of decomposers in an
  ecosystem.

89

• Which of the following best describes an energy
  pyramid?
• A. Shows how energy is lost as you move up a food
  chain.
• B. Shows the effects of losing a top predator in
  an ecosystem.
• C. illustrates the many possible interactions
  among organisms in an ecosystem.
• D. Shows the importance of decomposers in an
  ecosystem.

90
How can food chains be misleading?

• A) They show many possible pathways of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• B) They only show one possible pathway of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• C) They do not show the proper order of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• D) They dont include tertiary consumers

91
How can food chains be misleading?

• A) They show many possible pathways of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• B) They only show one possible pathway of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• C) They do not show the proper order of energy
  flow in an ecosystem
• D) They dont include tertiary consumers

92
Out of the following consumers, which would most
likely be found at the top of a food chain?

• A) Herbivores
• B) Carnivores
• C) Omnivores
• D) Scavengers

93
Out of the following consumers, which would most
likely be found at the top of a food chain?

• A) Herbivores
• B) Carnivores
• C) Omnivores
• D) Scavengers

94

• At each successive feeding level in an ecosystem,
  the amount of available energy
• a.  Increases
• b. Decreases
• c.  Remains the same
• D. Doubles

95

• At each successive feeding level in an ecosystem,
  the amount of available energy
• a.  Increases
• b. Decreases
• c.  Remains the same
• D. Doubles

96
The ultimate source of Energy in any ecosystem is
the

1. Producers
2. Sun
3. Decomposers
4. Herbivores

97
The ultimate source of Energy in any ecosystem is
the

1. Producers
2. Sun
3. Decomposers
4. Herbivores