Roman Catholic Church

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Roman Catholic Church

• Background and Factors Leading to the Protestant
  Reformation

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Church Hierarchy

• Pope Began with St. Peter
• -head of the Roman Catholic Church
• -seen as vicar (substitute) for Christ on earth
• Infallible on matters of faith
• -Intepreter of the Bible
• -Pontifex Maximus (highest priest)
• -pope, pontiff, Bishop of Rome
• -currently Pope Francis
• -266th pope in history (debated)

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Evolution of Christianity
Judaism
Judaism
Christianity
1054
Eastern Orthodox Church
Roman Catholicism
1517
Protestantism
Roman Catholicism
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Church Hierarchy The Clergy
Cardinal -advisor to pope -dressed in
red symbol of honor -College of Cardinals
elects new pope -Currently almost 200 cardinals
Cardinal Richelieu of France
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Church Hierarchy
Archbishop -head of a region and all of its
dioceses (Livingston ? Archdiocese of
Newark) Bishop -head of the diocese (group
of parishes)
Priest -head of a parish
Bishops miter
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Church Hierarchy
Religious Orders Those who choose to work toward
a common purpose while living a vowed life are
known as monks (may also be priests) and nuns if
they live cloistered, or apart from society
friars and sisters if they are active in society
and teachers, etc.
Famous Religious Orders Benedictines,
Augustinians, Dominicans, Jesuits, and
Franciscans
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Roman Catholic Sacraments
"The sacraments are signs of grace, instituted by
Christ and entrusted to the church, by which
divine life is dispensed to us. (Catechism of
the Catholic Church, 1994)

• Baptism (initiation)
• 2.Eucharist (communion)
• 3. Penance (confession) obtaining forgiveness
  for your sins from a priest or higher
• 4. Confirmation (adult initiation)
• 5. Holy Orders (call to join clergy)
• 6. Matrimony (marriage)
• 7. Anointing of the Sick (last rites)

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Protestants Accepted

• Baptism (initiation)
• Eucharist (communion)
• -Transubstantiation (Catholic belief)
• -Consubstantiation (Protestant belief)
• Luther stressed that only these two appear in the
  Bible the remaining 5 are man-made

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Other Philosophical Differences
Catholics ? salvation by faith and good works (be
good and be saved receive sacraments frequently
Eucharist and Penance ) Protestants ?
salvation by faith alone (because no human act
could be seen as satisfactory to earn salvation)
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Veneration of Saints

• http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4543501.stm

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Hell Dantes Inferno (14th c.)
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Purgatory
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Limbo

• Those who died before ChristianityOld Testament
  and Ancient Greeks, etc.
• Those children who died before baptism

http//www.nytimes.com/2007/04/21/world/europe/21b
riefs-limbo.html?_r1orefslogin
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Indulgences Paying for reduced time in Purgatory