R

1

• Réseaux Mobiles
• Présentation GSM
• Evolutions 2G vers 3G

2
SOMMAIRE

• Panorama des réseaux mobiles, caractéristiques
  essentielles
• Notions de Mobilité, Handover et Roaming
• Les réseaux Mobiles
• Réseaux 1G et réseaux satellites
• Réseaux 2G le GSM caractéristiques
  architecture
• Réseaux 2G le GSM interfaces protocoles MAP,
  BSSAP
• Réseaux 2,5G le GPRS caractéristiques
  architecture
• Réseaux 3G lUMTS caractéristiques, architecture
  protocoles
• Réseaux de proximité Home-RF, Bluetooth, Swap
• Les Services Mobiles
• Services liés à la parole
• Services basés sur la mocalisation
• Services de Messageries SMS/EMS/MMS
• Services basés sur lInternet WAP/I-Mode
• Scénarios dEvolutions
• Applications Roaming et VAS une introduction
  aux solutions proposées par NMG

3
Classification des Réseaux
DISTANCE

• REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE

RESEAUX ETENDUS TERRESTRES (WAN)
RESEAUX MOBILES (WIRELESS NETWORKS)
RESEAUX METROPOLITAINS (MAN)
RESEAUX LOCAUX(LAN)
4
Panorama des réseaux mobiles
Extérieur
Satellites TFTS, GPS LEOS
Paging ALPHAPAGE OPERATOR TAM-TAM KOBBY TATTOO
GSM Evolutions (GPRS/EDGE/UMTS) 2G ? 2,5G ? 3G
BI-BOP POINTEL CT2
MOBIPAC TETRA GSM-Rail
Grand Public
Applications professionnelles
PABX sans fil Wireless LANs Corporate-GSM
Téléphonie sans fil Home-RF, Bluetooth, Swap
Intérieur
5
Applications non-GSM, dont satellites

• Téléphonie sans fil, PABX sans fil
• Systèmes de paging
• GEOS Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellites
• Réseaux Satellites Télécoms (orbite 36000km)
• En France Réseau Telecom 1
• Intelsat, Eutelsat.
• LEOS Low Earth Orbite satellites
• Orbite à 800km des centaines de satellites
  nécessaires
• Irridium, Globalstar, Teledesic
• VSATS Very Small Aperture Terminals

6
Réseaux 1G TELEPHONIE SANS FIL

• SERVICE DE TELEPHONIE DANS UNE ZONE REDUITE
• APPLICATIONS
• poste domestique (résidentiel)
• réseau public de quartier service Télépoint,
  POINTEL, BI-BOP, TELEPOINT, boucle locale
• environ 50 000 abonnés en 1997, en baisse.
• PABX sans fil (entreprise)
• LIMITATIONS
• usage residentiel seulement
• modulation analogique
• pas de transmission de données
• fréquences limitées (20 - 40Mhz)

7
Réseaux 1G LES RESEAUX DE PAGING

• RECEPTION DE MESSAGES COURTS SUR UN TERMINAL
  MOBILE
• ALPHAPAGE FRANCE TELECOM
• message de 80 caractères (environ 160 000
  abonnés)
• EUROSIGNAL FRANCE TELECOM
• réception d'un BIP (environ 100 000 abonnés)
• TAM-TAM, TATOO, KOBBY, TEXTNET....
• le plus interessant grande pénétration, faible
  consommation, faible prix, peut être
  personnalisé...., avec ou sans abonnements...
• Norme européenne ERMES, à développer
• Environ 1,7 Millions d'utilisateurs au total fin
  97
• . Plus rien en 2000 !

8
RESEAUX SATELLITES A ORBITE HAUTE GEOs

• TELECOM 1 2 SATELLITES TELECOMMUNICATIONS
• grande capacité de transmission
• capacité de diffusion a l'infini
• grande couverture (1/3 Terre)
• orbite géostationnaire (36 000km)
• problèmes conditions atmosphériques
• délais de propagation (250ms)
• encombrement de fréquences
• AUTRES SATELLITES
• INTELSAT
• EUTELSAT
• IMMARSAT
• .....

9
RESEAUX SATELLITES A ORBITE BASSE LEOs

• FUTURS PROJETS D'UNE MULTITUDE DE PETITS
  SATELLITES EN ORBITE FAIBLE POUR COUVRIR TOUTE LA
  SURFACE TERRESTRE
• PROJET TELEDESIC
• Bill Gates MICROSOFT
• 840 satellites
• à 800km d'altitude
• PROJET IRRIDIUM ????????
• MOTOROLA,
• FRANCE TELECOM
• PROJET GLOBALSTAR
• ALCATEL

10
RESEAUX SATELLITES VSATs

• VSAT VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL
• PETITES STATIONS TERRIENNES DE TELECOMMUNICATIONS
  PAR SATELLITE (emission et/ou réception)
• échange de données, vidéotransmissions,
  courriers..
• 30 operateurs en FRANCE FT, BT, Téléport
  EUROPE,....

11
De 1G à 2G RADIOCOM 2000

• Radiocom 2000 premier service de téléphonie
  mobile embarqué dans les voitures
• En raison des besoins dalimentation (batterie
  voiture), transmission analogique, pas de
  compatibilité numérique (RNIS), pas de sécurité
• Ancêtre du GSM
• GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
• Système public de communications mobiles
  pan-européen développé au début des années.
• Ce système devait répondre aux critères suivants
  
• Bonne qualité de transmission de la parole
• Coûts des terminaux et services associés le plus
  bas possible
• Faible consommation
• Possibilités de roaming international
• Compatibilité numérique RNIS

12
Les principes de Mobilité
ANTENNE
CELLULE
xxx-Telecom
Liens de signalisation
Connexions terrestres
13
Techniques Cellulaires

• Macro Cellules
• Zones à population dispersée ( diamètre 10-30km)
• Usage voiture, train, etc.
•  Micro Cellules
• Zones à population très denses ( 100 à 300m)
  Usage piétons
• Lutilisation de petites cellules permet
  loptimisation des canaux de transmission et une
  meilleure précision dans la localisation.
• Pico Cellules
• Réservé aujourdhui aux réseaux de proximité ( gt
  10m)
• Concept repris dans lUMTS
• Cellules sélectives
• Les cellules nont pas toujours besoin dune
  couverture de 360 degrés
• Cellules  parapluie 
• Pour éviter un nombre trop important de
  commutations entre cellules, il est possible de
  créer des regroupements de cellules.

14
Couverture Cellulaire
15
Handover et Roaming

• Handover
• Mécanisme permettant le transfert automatique
  dune transaction en cours dune cellule vers une
  cellule, sans perturber la communication.
• Roaming
• Mécanisme permettant doffrir les mêmes services
  de télécommunications mobiles à des clients
  (roamers) abonnés à dautres réseaux ou dans
  dautres pays.

16
2G Architecture GSM (1)
17
2G Architecture GSM (2)
HLR Home Location Register VLR Visitor
Location Register MSC Mobile Switching Centre
BSS Base Station Sub-System BSC Base Station
Controller BTS Base Transceiver Station

• Chaque Mobile Station (MS) comprend
• ME Mobile Equipment
• SIM Subscriber Identity Module

18
2G Equipements GSM MSC BSC

• Switching Centre (MSC)
• Gère les communications et les échanges avec les
  utilisateurs
• Initialise létablissement et la rupture des
  communications
• Initialise le mode de transmission
• Gère les procédures pour les interactions entre
  BSCs (Handover)
• En général un opérateur gère un MSC par région
• Base Station Controller (BSC)
• Gère les connexions et les ressources radio
• Gère le mode de transmission radio
• Maintient les connexions radio
• Supervise et analyse les transferts inter-BSCs
  (handover)

19
2G Equipements GSM HLR, VLR AuC

• HLR
• Maintient et remet à jour les informations de
  localisation et de profils de services des
  clients abonnés chez un opérateur
• VLR
• Maintient et remet à jour ces mêmes informations
  de localisation et de profils de services pour
  des clients visiteurs en situation de roaming
• Cette fonctionnalité, bien quindépendante, est
  le plus souvent intégrée dans le switch (MSC)
• AuC Autentication Centre
• Gère les fonctions de sécurité liées à lidentité
  des usagers
• Réalise lencryptage des informations radio.

20
2G Protocoles dinterfaces GSM

• Interface radio
• Gère les communications entre le mobile et les
  BTS pour tout ce qui concerne la transmission
  radio analogique
• Protocole utilisé LAPDm
• Interface Abis
• Gère les communications entre BTS et BSC, en
  particulier
• La gestion du trafic radio
• Lexploitation et la maintenance des stations BTS
• Protocole utilisé LAPD
• Interface A
• Gère les communications entre BSC et MSC, en
  particulier le handover
• Signalisation du type SS7
• Protocole utilisé BSSAP

21
2G Interface Radio GSM

• Le spectre radio a des ressources limitées,
  partagées entre tous les utilisateurs.
• La méthodologie de partage de bande-passante est
  une combinaison entre multiplexage temporel et
  multiplexage fréquentiel (TDMA/FDMA).
• FDMA utilise 124 fréquences de transmission dans
  la bande des 25 MHz. A chaque station de base
  (BS) sont associées une ou plusieurs fréquences.
• Dans TDMA chaque fréquence de transmission est
  découpée canaux logiques.
•  

22
2G Le protocole BSSAP

• The MTP and the SCCP are used to support
  signaling messages between the Mobile Services
  Switching Center (MSC) and the Base Station
  System (BSS).
• One user function of the SCCP, called BSS
  Application Part (BSSAP) is defined.

• The BSSAP user function is further subdivided
  into two separate functions
• The Direct Transfer Application sub-Part (DTAP),
  also called GSM L3, is used to transfer messages
  between the MSC and the MS (Mobile Station)
• The BSS Management Application sub-Part (BSSMAP)
  supports other procedures between the MSC and the
  BSS related to the MS (resource management,
  handover control), or to a cell within the BSS,
  or to the whole BSS.

23
2G GSM MAP Protocols

• The equipment in the mobile network subsystem
  exchange signaling information through the Mobile
  Application Part (MAP), which is built on top of
  SS7.
• MAP supports
• MAP and SMS capabilities for IS-41 and GSM
  networks
• Acting as the VLR, HLR, and MSC
• MAP-GSM acting as the VLR, HLR, MSC, and
  SGSN/GGSN
• Implementing GSM Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 2.
  It also supports MAP-GSM extensions for GPRS and
  CAMEL

A BSC-MSC B MSC-VLR C GMSC-HLR D
VLR-HLR D MSC-IntGway E MSC-MSC F MSC-EIR G
VLR-VLR H HLR-AUC
24
MobilityHPLMN to VPLMN Roaming
Wireline Network
GSM Home Network
GSM Visited Network
....
BTS
BSC
VLR
MSC
HLR
BTS
SCCP Gateway
SCCP Gateway
MSC
BSC
VLR
25
Mobility the roamer is identified within the
VPLMN
Wireline Network
GSM Home Network
GSM Visited Network
BTS
Update location message
BSC
VLR
MSC
....
HLR
BTS
SCCP Gateway
SCCP Gateway
MSC
BSC
Record new VLR location
VLR
Record roamers profile ( home network,
teleservices, )
26
Mobility the roamer is called via a fixed phone
Wireline Network
GSM Home Network
GSM Visited Network
BTS
BSC
VLR
MSC
....
HLR
BTS
SCCP Gateway
SCCP Gateway
MSC
Request to the HLR the customer location
BSC
VLR
Attribute a MSRN number for this roamer
27
Mobility the call is initiated
Wireline Network
GSM Home Network
GSM Visited Network
Voice connection
BTS
BSC
VLR
MSC
....
HLR
BTS
SCCP Gateway
SCCP Gateway
MSC
Request to the HLR the customer location
BSC
VLR
Attribute a MSRN number for this roamer
28
2G GSM General Roaming Scenarios
VPLMN
MAP
ISUP
CAMEL
INAP
International roaming interconnection
HPLMN
29
2G to 3G Evolutions (2)
30
2G to 3G Evolutions (3)
31
2,5G GPRS Key User features

• The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new
  nonvoice value added service that allows
  information to be sent and received across a
  mobile telephone network.
• SPEED
• Theoretical maximum speeds of up to 171.2 kbps
• IMMEDIACY
• GPRS facilitates instant connections whereby
  information can be sent or received immediately
  as the need arises, subject to radio coverage.
  This is why GPRS users are sometimes referred to
  be as being "always connected".
• NEW APPLICATIONS, BETTER APPLICATIONS
• GPRS facilitates several new data-oriented
  applications
• SERVICE ACCESS To use GPRS, users specifically
  need
• a mobile phone or terminal that supports GPRS
• a subscription to a mobile telephone network that
  supports GPRS

32
2,5G GPRS Key Network features

• PACKET SWITCHING
• GPRS involves overlaying a packet based air
  interface on the existing circuit switched GSM
  network.
• This gives the user an option to use a
  packet-based data service.
• SPECTRUM EFFICIENCY
• Packet switching means that GPRS radio resources
  are used only when users are actually sending or
  receiving data.
• INTERNET AWARE
• GPRS fully enables Mobile Internet functionality
  by allowing interworking between the existing
  Internet and the new GPRS network..
• SUPPORTS TDMA AND GSM
• GPRS is not only a service designed to be
  deployed on the GSM digital mobile phone
  standard. The IS-136 Time Division Multiple
  Access (TDMA) standard, popular in North and
  South America, will also support GPRS.

33
2,5G GPRS Architecture
BTS
MSC/VLR
HLR
BSC
SGSN
Serving GPRS support node - packet routing,
mobilty management, - authentication, ciphering
External IP network
GGSN
Mobile backbone network
Gateway GPRS support node
External X25 network
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node SGSN Service
GPRS Support Node
IP Terminal
34
2,5G GSM GPRS Interconnection
35
3G What is UMTS ?

• UMTS stands for Universal Mobile
  Telecommunications System  
• UMTS is a part of the International
  Telecommunications Unions IMT-2000 vision of a
  global family of third-generation (3G) mobile
  communications systems  
• UMTS will play a key role in creating the future
  mass market for high-quality wireless multimedia
  communications that will approach 2 billion users
  worldwide by the year 2010

36
3G Why UMTS ?

• UMTS will enable delivering high-value broadband
  information, commerce and entertainment services
  to mobile users via fixed, wireless and satellite
  networks  
• UMTS will speed convergence between
  telecommunications, IT, media and content
  industries to deliver new services and create
  fresh revenue-generating opportunities  
• UMTS will deliver low-cost, high-capacity mobile
  communications offering data rates up to
  2Mbit/sec with global roaming and other advanced
  capabilities

37
3G UMTS Architecture
38
3G GSM GPRS UMTS Interconnection
39
3G UMTS Cells
40
3G New mobile terminals
41
The (US) CDMA revolution

• Traditionally radio communication systems have
  separated users by either frequency channels,
  time slots, or both.
• More recently several hybrid FDMA-TDMA digital
  systems have been developed, ostensibly to
  enhance service quality and capacity.
• In all these systems, each user is assigned a
  particular time-frequency slot.
• CDMA offers an answer to the capacity problem.
  Instead of partitioning either spectrum or time
  into disjoint "slots" each user is assigned a
  different instance of the noise carrier.
• The great attraction of CDMA technology from the
  beginning has been the promise of extraordinary
  capacity increase over narrowband multiple access
  wireless technologies

42
CDMA vs. GSM (1)

• For several years, the world's two main methods
  -- Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and GSM
  have divided the wireless world into opposing
  camps.
• CDMA popular in US, more than 80M users.
• Advantages of CDMA include
• Increased cellular communications security.
• Simultaneous conversations.
• Increased efficiency, meaning that the carrier
  can serve more subscribers.
• Smaller phones.
• Low power requirements and little cell-to-cell
  coordination
• Extended reach - beneficial to rural users
  situated far from cells.
• Disadvantages of CDMA include
• CDMA is relatively new, and the network is not as
  mature as GSM.
• CDMA cannot offer international roaming, a large
  GSM advantage.

43
CDMA vs. GSM (2)

• Advantages of GSM
• International roaming permits subscribers to use
  one phone throughout Western Europe.
• GSM is mature, having started in the mid-80s.
  This maturity means a more stable network with
  robust features. CDMA is still building its
  network.
• The availability of Subscriber Identity Modules,
  which are  smart cards  that provide secure
  data encryption give GSM m-commerce advantages. 
• GSM still holds the upper hand however.
• There's the numerical advantage for one thing
  456 million GSM users versus CDMA's 82 million
• But. The proposed IMT-2000 standard for 3G
  globally is a worldwide CDMA-based standard
  (WCDMA)

44
Proximity Communication technologies

• IrDA
• Infrared technology for communicating between
  personnal organizers (PDAs) (ex PALM Beamer)
• Up to 4Mb/s
• Coverage 1m max.
• Home-RF
• SOHO Applications (Small Office / Home Office)
• 2,4Ghz, SWAP Communication protocol
• Example of Swap protocoles SWAPTEC
• Wireless LAN 802.11
• Fully LAN Bluetooth compatible

45
Bluetooth technology

• Bluetooth is a new technology standard using
  short-range radio links, intended to replace the
  cable(s) connecting portable and/or fixed
  electronic devices.
• Its key features are
• Security via encryption
• Voice and Data supported
• Supports up to 8 terminals (PicoNet)
• Coverage up to 50m (500m if amplifiers)
• Complement to GSM GSM integrated Bluetooth
  chips available for 30-40
• Bluetooth was developed in 1998 and is at the
  moment backed by tech giants Intel, Motorola and
  Ericsson
•   The unusual name comes from King Harold
  Bluetooth of Denmark who unified the Scandinavian
  countries of Norway and Denmark in the 10th
  Century

46
Bluetooth PicoNet Architecture
47
Bluetooth Some applications
48
Mobile Location Techniques

• MAP protocol-based location
• PLMN Cell LAC accuracy
• Triangulation ( accuracy lt 15m)
• TA Time Advance
• TOA Time of Arrival
• AOA Angle of Arrival
• E-OTD Enhanced Observed Time Difference
• Terminal-based location
• SDK SIM Tool-Kit based Cell-ID detection
• GPS (accuracy up to 5m)
• To be integrated in mobile GSM terminals ( 30
  expected)
• Connection to Proximity systems

49
Mobile Location Applications

• HPLMN /VPLMN Level
• Detection of in ternational roamers at the
  international gateway (SCCP)
• MAP D
• LAC Level, VLR tracking
• detection over a regional area (MSC/VLR)
• MAP
• Cell-ID or Cell-Of-Origin Level
• detection within a cell (200m à 20km), Cell-ID
• BSSAP

Location Server
CELL-ID
Positioning System
50
GSM deployment in France

• FRANCE TELECOM Historic OPERATOR
• Offers ITINERIS since 1992, ORANGE since 2000
• Overall french territory covered by the services
• End 2000 OLA 15 Million subscribers
• RADIOCOM 2000 50 000 remaining subscribers
• SFR 2nd. OPERATOR
• Offer SFR GSM / SFR / Cegetel Services /
  VIZZAVI Portal
• End 2000 10 Million subscribers
• BOUYGUES Last Entrant OPERATOR
• Offer DCS1800
• End 2000 6 Million subscribers
• The battle between operators is engaged more
  services, more performance (GPRS), UMTS licensing

51
Introduction to mobile services

• To-day
• Voice telephony (90)
• Short Messaging Services (10)
• WAP, and other Internet-based services
  (emerging).
• To-morrow (2005 )
• Voice telephony (50)
• Push Pull Short Messaging evolutions EMS/MMS
• E-mail on mobiles
• Internet on Mobiles (WAP, I-Mode)
• Location-based and Navigation services
• Advertizing
• Billing and accounting
• Games.
• Music (MP3) and video

52
Typical push and Pull Services
Alert
Business corporate
Consumer
Network operator
InfoGuide
Management
53
Areas of applications

• Business-to-Consumer Services
•  Push  Services Welcome, Pub
• Consumer-to-Business Services
•  Pull  Services where is the nearest ?
• Consumer-to-Consumer Services
• Chat, WIM (Wireless Instant Messaging)
• Services Business-to-Business Services
• Examples fleet management
• Assistance Services
• Alerting, telemaintenance, e-vehicle applications
• Services provided to Telecom Operators
• Planification, accounting, quality of service,
  network resources optimization

54
Speech Services

• Classic telephony services
• between MS users and fixed network users
• between MS users and MS users
• Services derived from telephony
• simple unified procedure for emergency call
• voice messaging (I.e voice mailbox)
• Supplementary services
• Subscriber identification and authentication
• Pre-paid facilities
• Short messaging

55
Location-based Services

• Manage your service personnel, vehicles and
  assets more efficient
• Find your friends (and yourself!)
• Enhanced Personal Security Applications
• Where is nearest?
• And how do I get there?

56
SMS Short Messaging Services

• Allow subscriber to send/receive simple messages
  (max. 160 characters length)
• Two services provided
• Point-to-point SMS enabling a GSM user to send
  such a message to another GSM user (ex paging
  message)
• cell broadcast SMS enabling short messages of a
  general nature to be broadcast at regular
  intervals to the users
• SMSs are generated via the SMS Centre
• Some SMS-C providers
• CMG, Comverse,
• Logica Aldiscon,
• ADC NewNet, Nokia, Ericsson,
• Motorola, Sema Group
• .

57
SMS key functions

• SMS Advantages
•  Store and Forward  messages are registerd
  even if the destination is not on on-line
• SMS messages are handled by the SMS-C and not by
  network switching
• SMS messges are transmitted without establishment
  of voice trunks (SS7-based messaging)
• SMS messges are secured receiption acknowledge
  (SS7 procedure)
• SMS Disadvantages
• Limited message length ( 140 octets remaining,
  excluding MAP signaling part)
• Fixed message structure
• Signaling channels performance is limited.

58
Next Generation Messaging (1) SMS ? EMS

• EMS Enhanced Messaging Service
• Generation of combined melodies, sounds, images,
  animations, modified formatted texts
• Images 3 formats, black and white
• Sounds 10 predefined sounds
• SMSs aggregation
• As for SMS, based on SS7 and managed by the
  SMS-Centres
• 2G application, but needs  EMS-like  terminals
• ? Available early in 2001, as an evolution of
  Nokias  Picture Messaging 

59
Next Generation Messaging (2) SMS ? MMS

• MMS Multimedia Messaging Service
• Generation of messages combining text, sound
  images (Power-Point like), photos videos.
• To be standardized by 3G Study Groups, will
  really start with GPRS and become popular with
  UMTS
• MMS will use dedicated channels (voice trunks),
  based on WAP
• ? Available in 2003 2004 ? (Ericsson et Nokia
  have started to launch products in 2001)
• The SMS ? MMS revolution will be like the
  transition from DOS ? Windows

60
Some  Flash  statistics !!! (August 2001)

• More than 50 Billion SMSs exchanged worldwide
  durint Q1 2001 !
• 9 Billion messages per month in 2000, more than 6
  billion in Europe
• 15 Billion messages only in december 2000
• Approx. 1O Million SMS-s per day in France (
  42)
• 420 million mobile handsets sold worldwide in
  year 2000
• This progression is planned to go on until 2005 .

61
WAP Services Internet / Mobile convergence
Mobile Telephony

WAP

Internet
WAP Wireless Application Protocol WAP is based
on Client/Server architectures
62
What is WAP ?

• The wireless industry came up with the idea of
  WAP.
• The point of this standard was to show internet
  contents on wireless clients, like mobile
  phones. 
• WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol
• WAP is an application communication protocol
• WAP is used to access services and information
• WAP is inherited from Internet standards
• WAP is for handheld devices such as mobile phones
  
• WAP is a protocol designed for micro browsers
• WAP enables the creating of web applications for
  mobile devices.
• WAP uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML)
• WML is defined as an XML 1.0 application

63
WAP Architecture
The architecture is based on the Internet model
- the wireless WAP terminal contains a
microbrowser, - content and applications are
hosted on Web (HTTP/WAP)servers.
64
WAP Technology
WML over WAP
WML embedded in HTML - (JAVA)
Web Server
Internet or other IP network
Mobile Network
WAP proxy

• WAP implementations
• WAP over GSM,
• WAP over GPRS,
• WAP on Handheld terminals (Palm, etc),
• WAP-on-a-SIM (new services on old phones)

65
WAP pre-requisite  Mark-Up  Languages

• Definition
• Mark-Up Languages are used on the web to isolate
  the display style from the content of a document
• Types
• HTML Hypertext mark-up language (controls the
  formatting of a document), written in JavaScript
• XML Extensible mark-up language (marks sections
  of the data as objects that can be managed by
  associated databases)
• HDML Handheld device mark-up language
  (proprietary technique)
• WML Wireless mark-up language (XML adapted for
  WAP technology and mobile handsets), written in
  WMLScript.

66
The future of WAP

• Le WAP is to-day in competition with the japanese
  standard I-MODE (more than 24 Million
  subscribers)
• WAP will survive, assuming that
• GPRS deployed (enhanced bitrates, client-server
  mode)
• Enhancement of handsets ergonomy
• Development of combined SMS WAP applications
• To-day Wait And Pay
• To-morrow Win And Play

67
2G-3G Plannings
68
PrOceSS7 Mobile applications

• PrOceSS7 takes advantage of SS7 data richness to
  develop performance and Customer Traffic
  Efficiency applications
• Traffic investigation expertise (related to
  HLR/VLR exchanges, IN services, Call failures
• Roaming analysis mobility and traffic quality
• SMS management
• Interconnection traffic analysis (mobile fixed)
• BSS expertise
• SS7 protocols analyzed are
• ISUP, INAP, MAP, BSSAP, etc

SS7 Network
69
VAS SMS applications

• Value Added Services (VAS) for mobile
  communications are based on data capture over
  signaling links
• Mobile subscriber authentication
• Mobile localisation (Cell-ID, VLR tracking,)
• Mobile presence (WIM)
• Mobile subscriber accounting
• Wireless roaming traffic QoS
• SMS/EMS handling
• Significant applications
• SMS-Welcome, SMS-Bon Voyage, SMS-Advertizing,
• SS7 protocols concerned
• MAP, BSSAP

SMS C
....
VAS Platform
VLR
BSC
MSC
Process System
SCCP Gateway
Detect roamers
Data Collection System
HLR
70
ISCOM deployment Public transport Information
via mobile
Value Added Services, For itineraries
calculation, combining data, maps and photos to
be displayed On the Web On GSM phones (SMS
only) On WAP phones On PDAS EEC/DGXIII/IST RD
Project (2000- end 2002)
71
TEMIC deployment Cooperative Alerting Services
via mobile
Value Added Services for emergency applications
connecting selected user profiles to multimedia
data On the Web On GSM/GPRS phones (SMS/EMS) On
WAP phones On 3G phones (UMTS) On PDAS On SWAP
terminals RNRT RD Project (mid 2001- mid 2003)
72
Merci pour votre attention !