Inside the Earth

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Inside the Earth
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Throw your hands up for the layers of the Earth
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How do we know whats there?

• Seismic waves
• P waves
• S waves

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Kinds of Seismic Waves

• Primary Waves (P waves)
• Compress and expand
• Material moves in same direction of wave
• Fastest
• Go through Solids, Liquids, and gases

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Kinds of Seismic Waves

• Secondary Waves (S waves)
• Arrive after P waves (slower than P)
• Go through Solids only
• Move side to side, and up and down
• Material moves perpendicular to wave

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Anatomy of an Earthquake
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Layers of the Earth

• Crust
• Mantle
• Core

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How is the Earth like a Peanut mm?
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The Crust

• Outermost layer
• Coolest layer
• Thinnest layer

Crunchy!!
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2 types of Crust

• Oceanic
• very dense
• made of basalt
• 0-9 miles thick
• Continental
• less dense
• made of granite
• 16-56 miles thick

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moho
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Lay 3 pieces of paper on a basketball. THATs the
average thickness of Earths crust.
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The Mantle

• Middle layer
• Very thick layer (1,800 miles, most of Earths
  mass, 84 volume)
• 1,000-7,000oF
• (Thermite2500-4500oF)
• Olivine, iron, magnesium

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Convection Currents
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The Core

• Made mostly of iron
• 1/3 of the earths mass
• Very hot (8,000-12,000oF)
• Very high pressure

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Heat Transfer
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Physical Structure of the Earth(5 Layers)

• Lithosphere- rigid outer layer (crust and
  uppermost mantle)
• Asthenosphere- solid rock that flows slowly (like
  hot asphalt middle mantle)
• Mesosphere- middle layer (solid, lower mantle)
• Outer Core- liquid layer
• Inner Core- solid, very dense

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