BLOOD VESSELS

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BLOOD VESSELS
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ARTERIES

• FUNCTION CARRIES OXYGENATED BLOOD AWAY FROM THE
  HEART
• EXCEPTION PULMONARY ARTERY CARRIES
  DEOXYGENATED BLOOD AWAY FROM HEART TO LUNGS
• MADE OF LAYERS OF SMOOTH MUSCLES AND CONNECTIVE
  TISSUE (COLLAGEN, ELASTIC FIBERS)

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ARTERIES

• HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, THICKNESS TO SEND BLOOD
  THROUGHOUT THE BODY
• DEEPLY LOCATED IN BODY
• EXAMPLES CORONARY (heart), AORTA (main artery
  out of heart), CAROTID (neck ? brain), FEMORAL
  (thigh)

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ATHEROSCLEROSIS
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CEREBRAL ARTERIES IN BRAIN
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(No Transcript)
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VEINS

• FUNCTION CARRIES DEOXYGENATED BLOOD TOWARDS THE
  HEART
• EXCEPTION PULMONARY VEIN CARRIES OXYGENATED
  BLOOD FROM LUNGS TOWARD HEART
• THINNER WALLS WITH LOWER PRESSURE
• NECK LIMBS HAVE TWO SETS OF VEINS DEEP AND
  SUPERFICIAL ? OFTEN USED TO REGULATE BODY
  TEMPERATURE AND DRAW BLOOD ETC.

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VEINS

• TO ALLOW BLOOD FLOW TO OPPOSE THE FORCE OF
  GRAVITY AND PREVENT BACKFLOW, VEINS CONTAIN
  ONE-WAY VALVES FORMED FROM FOLDINGS OF INNER
  CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• SURROUNDING SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS ALSO
  HELP PUSH BLOOD UP TOWARDS THE HEART

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VEINS

• EXAMPLES SUPERIOR INFERIOR VENA CAVA (main
  vessels back to heart), JUGULAR (neck)

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in the BANK

• VASOCONSTRICTION making diameter of blood
  vessels smaller ? LESS blood flow, HIGHER blood
  pressure
• VASODILATION making diameter of blood vessels
  larger ? MORE blood flow, LOWER blood pressure
• Change due to body temperature, hormones, carbon
  dioxide/oxygen levels etc.

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• Blood is warmer than the body and can help
  regulate body temperature
• Blood vessels dilated superficially easily lose
  heat

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CAPILLARIES

• FUNCTION WHERE MATERIALS (OXYGEN, WATER, CARBON
  DIOXIDE, GLUCOSE) ARE EXCHANGED BETWEEN BLOOD AND
  TISSUE (SKELETAL MUSCLE, ORGAN, BRAIN ETC.)
• VERY SMALL IN DIAMETER ? WALLS ARE ONLY ONE CELL
  THICK!

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CAPILLARIES

• DIFFUSION TAKES PLACE TO EXCHANGE GASES (high ?
  low concentration), OSMOSIS FOR WATER, ACTIVE
  TRANSPORT OF OTHER MATERIALS INTO CELLS
• LARGE NETWORK ? CAPILLARY BED

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CAPILLARY BED