Key Cases in Canadian Charter History

1
Key Cases in Canadian Charter History
Human Rights History
2
Hunter v. Southam Inc. 1984

• Unreasonable search and seizure

3
R. vs. Oakes 1985

• Innocent until proven guilty

4
B.C. Motor Vehicle Reference 1985

• An automatic conviction carried a prison term of
  a
• minimum of seven days!

5
R. v. Collins 1987

• Fundamental Justice

6

• The SCC established that exclusion of illegally
  obtained evidence is not automatic

7
(No Transcript)
8
Morgentaler 1988

• Abortion Laws

9
Ford v. Quebec 1988

• Notwithstanding Clause

10
R. v. J. 1990

• Right to an attorney

11
R. v. Lavallee (1990)

• Battered Wife Syndrome

12
R. v. Askov 1990

• Right to be tried within a reasonable time
• Justice delayed is justice denied

13
R. vs. Stinchcombe 1991

• Disclosure

14
It was verified by the Service Station operator
in Trenton that on August 9/67 Romeo Phillion had
been in the service station between 1200-100
p.m. and left his car radio there because he
could not pay for the service call. This made it
impossible for him to return to Ottawa by 245
p.m. at the time the murder was committed.
Romeo Phillion spent 31 years in prison and
police knew he had a viable alibi
15
Egan v. Canada 1995

• Gay Rights
• Old Age Spousal benefits

16
R. v. M. 1998

• Students Charter Rights

17
Quebec Secession Reference 1998

• Quebec Secession

18
B.C. v. BCGSEU 1999

• Bona Fide Occupational Requirement

19
M. v. H. 1999

• Gay Rights
• Common Law
• Benefits!

20
R. v. Sharpe (2000)

• Limits on Freedom of Expression

21
R. v. Golden 2001

• Strip Searches

22
Rules for Strip Searches

• The police must be looking for weapons or drugs
• The search is authorized by a senior officer
• The search is done by a same sex officer
• Body cavity searches are done only by medical
  personnel

23
United States v. Burns 2001

• Capital Punishment

24
Bill C-38

• Gay Marriage 2005
• On July 20, 2005 the House of Commons voted on
  and passed Bill C-38 making Canada the 4th
  country in the world to legalize gay marriages

25
Charkaoui v. Canada 2007

• Security Certificates

26
Telus - 2013

• SCC rules the police need a warrant to obtain
  text messages from providers

27
R. v. Vu - 2013

• Computer Searches
• SCC states the police need a warrant to conduct a
  laptop or cellphone search.

28
Hassan Rasouli 2013

• The SCC rules that doctors cannot unilaterally
  choose to end life support.

29
Whats Next?

• Marijuana?
• Polygamy?
• Dr. Assisted Suicide?

30
Supreme Court of Canada Cases for Student
Review
The Right Honourable Chief Justice of Canada,
Beverley McLachlin
Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada
31
Charter Assignment Students are to review Key
Charter Cases PowerPoint. At the end of the PP
there are 30 new cases to be analyzed. As a
single or in pairs students will select a case,
do a brief bit of research and put together a
slide or two and brief 5 minute presentation on
their topic.
Sue Rodriguez and Dr. Assisted Suicide
32

• A one page case review will be submitted.
  Included in the review will be
• A print out of the PP slide
• A synopsis of the case
• The decision of the SCC and vote count
• A synopsis of the ratio decidendi
• A synopsis of the dissenting view (where
  applicable)
• A synopsis of obiter dictum (where applicable)
• A personal view of the decision

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Charter Assignment 2

• Create a pamphlet promoting the Charter of Rights
  and one of the cases, approved by Mr. OReilly,
  at the end of the power point.

Your Rights as a Victim of Crime
Listen Up - Information for Young People
34

• A one page case review will be submitted.
  Included in the review will be
• A synopsis of the case
• The decision of the SCC and vote count
• A synopsis of the ratio decidendi
• A synopsis of the dissenting view (where
  applicable)
• A synopsis of obiter dictum (where applicable)
• A personal view of the decision

35
1 Tremblay v. Daigle, 1989 2 S.C.R.
530 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1989/1989rcs2
-530/1989rcs2-530.html Legal status of fetus
fathers rights 2 R. v. Beatty, 2008 SCC
5 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2008/2008scc5/2
008scc5.html Dangerous driving 3 Citadel General
Assurance Co. v. Vytlingam, 2007 SCC
46 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc46
/2007scc46.html Vehicle insurance coverage 4
Childs v. Desormeaux, 2006 SCC 18, 2006 1
S.C.R. 643 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2
006scc18/2006scc18.html Liability of social
hosts 5 Leskun v. Leskun, 2006 SCC 25, 2006 1
S.C.R. 920 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2
006scc25/2006scc25.html Misconduct of spouses on
divorce
36
6 Young v. Bella, 2006 SCC 3, 2006 1 S.C.R.
108 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc3
/2006scc3.html Negligence re child abuse 7 R.
v. Teskey, 2007 SCC 25 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.
ca/en/2007/2007scc25/2007scc25.html Judges
written reasons delivered 11 months after
verdict 8 R. v. Spencer, 2007 SCC 11, 2007 1
S.C.R. 500 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2
007scc11/2007scc11.html Voluntariness of
confession 9 Madsen Estate v. Saylor, 2007 SCC
18, 2007 1 S.C.R. 838 http//scc.lexum.umontreal
.ca/en/2007/2007scc18/2007scc18.html Joint
accounts, right of survivorship presumption of
advancement 10 Alliance for Marriage and Family
v. A.A., 2007 SCC 40 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca
/en/2007/2007scc40/2007scc40.html The matter of
standing in family law case
37
11 Reference re Same-Sex Marriage, 2004 SCC 79,
2004 3 S.C.R. 698 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/
en/2004/2004scc79/2004scc79.html Same-sex
marriage 12 R. v. Krieger, 2006 SCC 47, 2006 2
S.C.R. 501 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2
006scc47/2006scc47.html Right to trial by
jury 13 R. v. Clayton, 2007 SCC
32 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc32
/2007scc32.html Search and seizure arbitrary
detention 14 R. v. B.W.P. R. v. B.V.N., 2006
SCC 27, 2006 1 S.C.R. 941 http//scc.lexum.umont
real.ca/en/2006/2006scc27/2006scc27.html Deterrenc
e a principle of sentencing under YCJA? 15 R. v.
Trotta, 2007 SCC 49 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/
en/2007/2007scc49/2007scc49.html Evidence after
conviction discrediting Crowns expert witness
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16 R. v. Singh, 2007 SCC 48 http//scc.lexum.umont
real.ca/en/2007/2007scc48/2007scc48.html Right to
silence 17 R. v. Marshall, 1999 3 S.C.R.
456 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1999/1999rcs3
-456/1999rcs3-456.html Treaty rights fishing
rights 18 R. v. Ewanchuk, 1999 1 S.C.R.
330 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1999/1999rcs1
-330/1999rcs1-330.html Sexual assault implied
consent 19 Charkaoui v. Canada (Citizenship and
Immigration), 2007 SCC 9, 2007 1 S.C.R.
350 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc9
/2007scc9.html Certificates of inadmissibility
review of detention 20 Trinity Western
University v. British Columbia College of
Teachers, 2001 SCC 31, 2001 1 S.C.R.
772 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc3
1/2001scc31.html Discrimination on the basis of
religion
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20 Trinity Western University v. British Columbia
College of Teachers, 2001 SCC 31, 2001 1 S.C.R.
772 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc3
1/2001scc31.html Discrimination on the basis of
religion 21 E.B. v. Order of the Oblates of Mary
Immaculate in the Province of British Columbia,
2005 SCC 60, 2005 3 S.C.R. 45 http//scc.lexum.u
montreal.ca/en/2005/2005scc60/2005scc60.html Vicar
ious liability of employer 22 Canadian
Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law v.
Canada (Attorney General), 2004 SCC 4, 2004 1
S.C.R. 76 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/20
04scc4/2004scc4.html s.43 CC Corporal
Punishment (spanking) 23 Trociuk v. British
Columbia (Attorney General), 2003 SCC 34, 2003
1 S.C.R. 835 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2003
/2003scc34/2003scc34.html Birth registration laws
violating s.15 equality rights of fathers 24 R.
v. Ruzic, 2001 SCC 24, 2001 1 S.C.R.
687 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc2
4/2001scc24.html Defence of duress
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25 R. v. Latimer, 2001 SCC 1, 2001 1 S.C.R.
3 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc1/2
001scc1.html Sentencing minimum punishment cruel
and unusual? 26 United States v. Burns, 2001 SCC
7, 2001 1 S.C.R. 283 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.
ca/en/2001/2001scc7/2001scc7.html Extradition Ms.
Rubacha 27 Pecore v. Pecore, 2007 SCC 17, 2007
1 S.C.R. 795 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007
/2007scc17/2007scc17.html Wills and estates 28
R. v. Mann, 2004 SCC 52, 2004 3 S.C.R.
59 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc52
/2004scc52.html Search of pockets 29 D.B.S. v.
S.R.G. L.J.W. v. T.A.R. Henry v. Henry
Hiemstra v. Hiemstra, 2006 SCC 37, 2006 2
S.C.R. 231 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2
006scc37/2006scc37.html Retroactive child support
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30 R. v. Tessling, 2004 SCC 67, 2004 3 S.C.R.
432 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc6
7/2004scc67.html Search and seizure based on
aerial heat imaging 31 Moge v. Moge, 1992 3
S.C.R. 813 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1992/1
992rcs3-813/1992rcs3-813.html Termination of
spousal support 32 R. v. Askov, 1990 2 S.C.R.
1199 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1990/1990rcs
2-1199/1990rcs2-1199.html Delay in trial 33 R.
v. Ferguson, 2008 SCC 6 http//scc.lexum.umontreal
.ca/en/2008/2008scc6/2008scc6.html Cruel and
unusual punishment 34 Rodriguez v. British
Columbia (Attorney General), 1993 3 S.C.R.
519 http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1993/1993rcs3
-519/1993rcs3-519.html Doctor assisted
suicide 35. R. v. A.M., 2008 SCC 19
http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2008/2008scc19/2
008scc19.html Drug Dogs in Schools 36. Gurbaj
Singh Multani http//scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/20
06/2006scc6/2006scc6.html Wearing a Kirpan
(religious dagger at school)
42

• Legal Topics for Police Interrogations and
  Confessions
• http//www3.telus.net/prtc/Voluntariness.Paper02.h
  tml