The%20Central%20Dogma%20of%20Molecular%20Biology

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The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
REPLICATION
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Development of multicellular organisms
All body cells are descended from a single
fertilized egg cell by DNA replication and mitosis
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Totipotency
Totipotency has now been demonstrated in adult
mammals with the cloning of Dolly the sheep
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Patterns of gene expression
35,000 human genes, but only 20,000 are expressed
in any one cell type
Patterns of gene expression are most frequently
regulated at the level of transcription
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Gene structure
coding sequence
promoter
terminator
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What is required for transcription?

• ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP
• RNA polymerase
• DNA template

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The mechanics of transcription
Template-dependent Antiparallel Complementary
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Regulation of transcription the lac operon
Lactose ? Glucose Galactose
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Inhibitors of transcription

• a-amanitin (Amanita virosa)
• How long will it take to die?