Random Notes of Doom

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Random Notes of Doom

• Okay, really this is about the Mongols and Africa

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Mongols

• Pastoral nomads
• Steppes of Central Asia
• Great horsemen
• Used shortbow
• Stirrup (allowed you to use your bow on a horse)
• Chinese introduced them to
• Catapult, gunpowder, cannons, flaming arrows, and
  battering rams
• Needed veggies to supplement meat and milk so.
• Kept trade going between East and West
• Spread Bubonic Plague along trade routes

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Organization

• Basic unit was tribe
• If war, joined together in confederation
• Temujin was the first to unite the Mongols (1206)
• Renamed Chinggis (Genghis) Khan (ultimate ruler)

Grrr Im so mean.angry
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Conquerors

• 13th C. took over Song Dynasty
• By 15th C Were dominant
• Conquered China, Persia, and Russia
• Largest empire in history
• Tolerant toward religions
• More interested in tribute than territory

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Eurasia on the Eve on Mongol Conquest
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(No Transcript)
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Expansion to Russia

• Russians called Mongols Tartars
• Cities that resisted were massacred
• Mongols set up tribute called the Golden Horde
• Serfdom rose peasants gave up land for protection

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Effects of the Golden Horde

• Moscow became major center because Tribute
  collected there
• Eventually princes of Moscow overthrew Mongol
  Rule at the Battle of Kulikovo on September 8,
  1380
• Mongol rule kept Russia isolated from the rest
  of Europe
• Allowed Russian Orthodox Church to become
  dominant in Russia because no interference

Battle of Kulikovo
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Mongols in Persia

• Mongols took Baghdad in 1258
• Ended the Abbasid Empire
• Mongols also defeated the Seljuk Turks
• Stopped by the Mamluks in Egypt

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Mongols in China

• Mongols took over Song
• Under leadership of Kublai Khan (1271)
• Kublai was Genghis grandson
• The Mongol dynasty was called the Yuan Dynasty
  from 1271-1368

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Impact in China

• Chinese forbidden to learn Mongol writing
• Intermarriage was outlawed
• No civil service exam
• Religious toleration
• Brought in scholars and artisans from other
  societies
• Marco Polo visited, increased European interest
  in Asia
• Merchants gained status

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Impact on Eurasia

• Facilitation of Trade
• Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)
• Spread the Bubonic Plague (Black Death)
• Up to 25,000,000 died in China
• 1/3 the population of Europe died

Kuriltai
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Bantu Migration(which doesnt have anything to
do with Mongols!)

• 2000 BCE people in Western Africa began migrating
  east
• Probably due to population
• Continued until 1500 CE
• Spread knowledge of
• Cattle raising
• Farming the edge of rainforest
• ironworking

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Africanity

• Bantu migration also spread Bantu language
• Syncretic language
• Swahili mix of Arabic, Indian, and Bantu
• Still major language today
• Animistic religion
• Oral traditions preserved by Griots
  (storytellers)
• All property communal
• Society organized into age grades
• Age group that shared responsibilities

Modern Griot
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Dailies Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta

• Where was Marco Polo from?
• Where did he go?
• What time period (generally)
• Did he make it home?
• Give one interesting fact.

• Where was Ibn Battuta from?
• Where did he go?
• What time period (generally)
• Did he make it home?
• Give one interesting fact.