T. Roosevelt

1
T. Roosevelts Foreign Policy

• Chapter 27

2
Objective 1

• Explain the growing U.S. involvement in East
  Asia, and summarize Americas Open Door policy
  toward China.

3
Objective 2

• Discuss the significance of the pro-imperialist
  Republican victory in 1900 and the rise of
  Theodore Roosevelt as a strong advocate of
  American power in international affairs.

4
Objectives 3 and 4

• Describe Roosevelts policies in Latin America
  and Japan
• Explain the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe
  Doctrine.

5
Theodore Roosevelt

• Vice President for McKinleys second term
• Becomes President after McKinley assassinated by
  anarchist Leon Czolgosz in 1901.

6
TR Divided the World

• Civilized Anglo-Saxon and/or English-Speaking
• Uncivilized The Rest
• Civilized had the responsibility to police the
  uncivilized
• Civilized must spread superior values and
  institutions
• White Mans Burden

7
TR and War

• Civilized had to fight wars against uncivilized
• Justified to bestow blessings of culture and
  racial superiority on the vanquished
• War between two civilized countries was wasteful
  and foolish

8
1900 USA

• 75 million people
• More populous than many European countries with
  colonies
• TR this justifies expansion and colonization

9
TR and Politics

• First President to use face-to-face negotiations
  with other leaders
• Often took action before Congress could decide
  things
• TR believed Congress was too slow to play a
  significant role in foreign affairs
• Was a very strong President--and returned
  strength to the presidency

10
Panama The Kings Crown

• 1850 ? Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (w/GB).
• 1901 ? Hay-Paunceforte Treaty (US would build
  canal w/out GB).
• 1903 ? Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (Panama Canal)
• This treaty occurred after US helped Panama gain
  independence from Colombia.

11
Panama Canal
TR in Panama(Construction begins in 1904)
12
U.S. in Caribbean

• As U.S. economic interests increased, U.S. policy
  towards outsiders strengthens
• U.S. wants economic dominance
• 1902 Germany and Britain blockade Venezuela over
  debt
• TR demands they accept U.S. arbitration and
  threatens war
• Showed we would use force

13
Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!
14
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
1905
Chronic wrongdoing may in America, as elsewhere,
ultimately require intervention by some civilized
nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the
adherence of the United States to the Monroe
Doctrine may force the United States, however
reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing
or impotence, to the exercise of an international
police power .
15
U.S. Intervention in Cuba

• Cuba Platt Amendment attached to new Cuban
  constitution
• Gave U.S. economic rights
• Gave U.S. Naval base at Guantanamo Bay
• Gave U.S. right to intervene if Cuban sovereignty
  was threatened
• U.S. sent in military when civil war broke out in
  1906
• Unpopularity forced U.S. to abolish in 1934
  (except giving up Guantanamo)

16
The Great White Fleet 1907
17
Constable of the World
18
Russo-Japanese War (1904)

• TR hopes countries would negate each others
  power
• Japan winning battles
• TR fears Japan would try to shut U.S. out of
  Asian markets
• Japan approaches TR to facilitate peace agreement

19
Treaty of Portsmouth 1905
Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy
20
Root-Takahira Agreement (1908)

• Japan honors U.S. control of Philippines and
  Hawaii.
• U.S. honors Japanese control of Korea and
  Manchuria
• Japan promised not to further encroach on China.
• But, tension grows between U.S. and Japan due to
  rivalry in Pacific.

21
Gentlemans Agreement 1908

• A Japanese note agreeing to deny passports
  tolaborers entering the U.S.
• Japan recognized the U.S.right to exclude
  Japaneseimmigrants holding passportsissued by
  other countries.
• The U.S. government got theschool board of San
  Francisco to rescind their order tosegregate
  Asians in separateschools.