The%20Social%20Economy%20as%20the%20Economics%20of%20Liberation - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Title: The%20Social%20Economy%20as%20the%20Economics%20of%20Liberation


1
The Social Economy as the Economics of Liberation
2
The four oppressions!
  • Capitalismsource of oppression overwhelming
    rights of capital
  • Colonialismsource of oppression global
    extension of capitalism
  • Communismsource of oppression excessive power
    of the state
  • Patriarchysource of oppression unequal
    relationships between sexes

3
World Social Forum, Porto Alegre
4
Liberation from capitalism
  • This is where co-operation started
  • The Webbs and the Miners next step
  • Reclaiming surplus value
  • Challenging the power of capital to buy labour
  • Robert Owen, William Morris and the utopian
    community
  • Guild socialism

5
Liberation from colonialism
  • Imperialism as a global extension of capitalism
  • Colonialism as the institutionalisation of global
    capitalism
  • Challenge engendered inferiority
  • Ghandis ideas of Swaraj
  • Vandana Shiva and the subsistence perspective

6
From Medellin to Porto Alegre
  • Latin bishops conference, Medellin, 1968,
    created the term institutionalised violence
  • Comunidades eclesiales de base (CEBs local
    church communities)
  • Gustavo Gutierrez Merino (born 1928, Lima, Peru),
    A Theology of Liberation (1972)
  • Leonardo Boff (born 1938, Concórdia, Brazil),
    Church Charism and Power Liberation Theology
    and the Institutional Church
  • Eliminated by JPII and Cardinal Ratzinger

7
The concept of emancipatory praxis
  • Everyday experience of poverty mutualism as a
    practical rather than ideologically driven
    response
  • Uses a radical reintepretation of the Bible.
    Jesus as revolutionary. Marxist ideas of class
    struggle
  • Deeply rooted in the local Church importance of
    mutualism as local solutions
  • Change grows out of meetings to discuss
    scripture community involvement
  • Realisation of the Kingdom of God on earth
    importance of utopian project coops as real
    change agents rather than the lottery
    mentality, living on dreams, encouraged by the
    conventional economy

8
Social economy in the poor countries
  • Social economy grew under the Pinochet
    dictatorship in Chile, as a source of resistance
    and mutual support from 15 of the workforce in
    Santiago in 1970 to some 20 by 1982. Provides
    around a third of jobs in the poorer quarters of
    Santiago.
  • MST in Brazil and the peasant challenge to state
    support for neoliberal, neocolonial land
    ownership patterns
  • Case-study from Argentina The Take, taking over
    factories left idle because of financial collapse
  • Côte d'Ivoire 827,000 small farmers are
    co-operative members
  • Nicaragua 78 per cent of maize and 59 per cent
    of beans are cooperatively marketed

9
Liberation from communism
  • Concentration of state power loss of initiative
  • Issue of scale one bicycle factory
  • Party replaces community
  • Bureaucracy creates inefficiency

10
Co-operatives in Central and Eastern Europe
  • Gorbachev hoped to liberalise via co-ops
  • Lost history of co-operation in Czech Republic
    in 1994 new agricultural coops operated on 47 per
    cent of cultivated land and controlled 67 per
    cent of production
  • Cooperative is frequently co-opted by the state
    and now not trusted

11
Liberation from patriarchy
  • Sisterhood is powerful
  • Womens strength in community
  • Reproductive labour
  • A different attitude to resources ecofeminism

12
The Holy Family
13
  • Extended by Engels in his The Origin of the
    Family, Private Property and the State (1942)
  • In communal economies women are equal or more
    powerful (matrilineality)
  • The growth in private property undermines the
    role of women
  • Men's ability to generate a surplus creates
    patriarchy where women (and slaves) become
    themselves the property of father and husband.

14
Feminist views of patriarchy
  • Feminists focus on women's work as reproductive
    rather than productive labour
  • The invisible nature of women's work
  • The iceberg model (Maria Mies)
  • Ecofeminists argue that loss of embeddedness is
    source of spiritual and environmental alienation

15
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16
Are women natural co-operators?
  • Ease of access to finance
  • Sharing of skills and building of confidence
  • Micro-finance developed in womens co-ops and
    businesses
  • Could this idea be based on stereotyping?

17
What do the four have in common?
  • Concentration of power democratisation
  • Inequality of access to resources equality
  • Alienation empowerment
  • Self-delusion self-realisation
  • Isolation mutuality, reciprocity, sharing

18
Assess the four concepts in terms of the three
organisational forms
  • Democratisation
  • Equality
  • Empowerment
  • Self-realisation
  • Mutuality
  • Social firm
  • Social enterprise
  • Co-operative
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