Articles of Confederation

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Articles of Confederation

• By Douglas D. Day
• ED 639

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The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
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Dayton Public

• Grade level 8th
• Class American History Part I
• Lesson First United States Government

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Objectives

• Students will be able to identify the Articles of
  Confederation and explain why they failed.
• Students will be able to identify positive
  outcomes of the Articles of Confederation.

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Materials needed

• Myself
• Computer
• Video Projector
• Projector Screen
• Pointer Stick

• My Students
• Pencils/Pens
• Notebooks
• Books

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Websites

• Wikipedia
• Second Continental Congress
• Cities in the Colonial Atlantic World
• Alexander Hamilton Historical Society
• The US Constitution Online

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Student Activities

• Bell Ringer students will come in, sit down and
  write about why the second continental congress
  came together using information from the previous
  days notes and from their reading.
• Recitation I will led the students in a review
  of the notes given the day before.

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Student Activities continued..

• Lecture notes the following slides.
• Debate I will monitor a debate between students
  on the pros and cons of the Articles of
  Confederation.
• Worksheet with vocabulary words and concepts
  pertaining to Articles start it in class then
  assign what is not finish as homework.

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Background

• The Articles of Confederation were adopted on Nov
  15, 1777 by the Second Continental Congress
• The congress was held in Philadelphia

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Background continued

• Ratified on March 1, 1781
• Made obsolete on June 21, 1788 when New Hampshire
  ratified the new US Constitution

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Ratification

• The first state to ratify the Articles was South
  Carolina on February 5, 1778
• The last state to ratify was Maryland on March 1,
  1781
• Maryland was waiting for New York and Virginia
  rescinded their claims to land in the Ohio River
  valley.

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Summation of Articles

• Named the Confederation of state as the The
  United States of America
• US a union of states for their common defense
• Central Government conducted foreign relations,
  declared war, set weights and measures (including
  money), and settle disputes between states.

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Articles continued

• Expenditures by the United States will be paid by
  funds raised by state legislatures

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Articles continued

• Requires nine states to approve a new state
  Canada pre-approved
• Articles could only be altered with all states
  ratification.

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Problems

• Under the Articles, Congress could make laws but
  could not enforce them.
• Congress had no power of taxation
• Congress could only request money from the states
• The states generally did not comply with
  Congress request

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Success

• The Articles held the Colonies together during
  the Revolutionary War.
• Land Ordinance of 1785
• established the general land survey and ownership
  provisions

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Northwest Ordinance of 1787

• The original states gave up land west
• Paving way for the future states
• Ohio
• Michigan
• Indiana
• Illinois
• Wisconsin
• Part of Minnesota

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Revision

• May 1786, Charles Pinckney of South Carolina
  proposed that Congress revise the Articles of
  Confederation.
• September of 1786, Alexander Hamilton chaired the
  Annapolis Convention.

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Revision continued

• Congress meet in Philadelphia and after debate,
  Congress endorsed the plan to revise the Articles
  of Confederation on February 21, 1787.

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Goodbye Articles

• Sept. 28, 1787- Congress sends Constitution to
  States for ratification
• July 2, 1788- Ratification of Constitution
  formally announced by Congress, following
  ratification by ninth state, New Hampshire, on
  June 21, 1788

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Goodbye continued

• Nov. 1, 1788- Congress under Articles of
  Confederation adjourns
• Apr. 1, 1789- House of Representatives under
  Constitution reaches a quorum