ISSI%20Meeting,%20Bern%2019-23%20January%202014

1
ISSI Meeting, Bern 19-23 January 2014

• New 3D photochemical global model
• with ions in D-region The instrument for
  solar-atmospheric relations study
•  
• Alexei Krivolutsky
• Lidiya Cherepanova, Tatyana Vyushkova,
• and Alexander Repnev
• Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics
• Central Aerological Observatory, Dolgoprudny,
  Moscow Region
• Russia

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Outline

• 1. Model description
• 2. Results of simulations
• - neutral compounds
• - electrons
• - other ions.
• 3. Effects of solar cycle
• 4. Conclusions

3
MODELCHARM I (CHemical Atmospheric Research
Model with Ions)(Krivolutsky et al., 2015)

• Heights 0-90 km
• P, L photochemical sources and losses
• U, V, W wind components, µ mixing ratio
• number of species neutrals 41 ions 23
• number of chemical reactions (total) 194
• Photodissociation and ionization rates (total)
  48
• Methods chemical families for neutrals (Turco,
  Whitten, 1974)
• electroneutrality for ions
• Prathers scheme for advection
  ( Prather, 1986)
• Resolution 2 km ? 5 ? 5 deg., Time step 100 s

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List of neutral species

• Families
• Ox O3 O(3P) O(1D)
• NOy N NO NO2 NO3 2N2O5 HNO3 HO2NO2
  ClNO3N(2D)
• ClyCl ClO OClO ClOO HOCl HCl
• HOxH OH HO2 2H2O2
• others
• CH3, CH2O, CH3O2, CH3O2H, CH3O, CHO, CO.
• ?2(1?g)
• Source-gases
• CH4, CO2, N2O, ?F2Cl2, CFCl3, H2, Cl4, Cl2,
  ??3Cl, CH2Cl,
• ?2, N2 (fixed profiles), H2O(fixed global
  field/HALOE).

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PHOTODISSOCIATION RATES (CHARM-I)

• O2h? ? OO(1D) N2O5h? ? NO2NO3
  H2Oh? ? HOH
• O2h? ? OO HNO3h? ? OHNO2
  CF2Cl2h? ? products
• O3h? ? OO2 CLONO2h? ? ClNO3
  CFCl3h? ? products
• O3h? ? O(1D)O2 HClh? ? HCl
  CH4h? ? CH3H
• H2O2h? ? OHOH ClOh? ? ClO
  CH4h? ? CH2H2
• NO2h? ? NOO(1 D) NO3h? ? NOO2
  CCl4h? ? products
• HNO3h? ? HNO3 H2O2h? ? OHOH
  CH3Clh? ? CH3Cl
• HOClh? ? ClHO CO2h? ? COO
  N2Oh? ? N2O(1D)
• N2O5h? ? 2NO2O HO2NO2h? ? HO2NO2
  Cl2h? ? ClCl
• NOh? ? NO NO2h? ? NOO
  NO3h? ? NO2O

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List of ionized compounds

• Positive
• O2 O4 O2(H2O) H (H2O) H (H2O)3
• H (H2O)4 H (H2O)2
• NON2 NOCO2 NO(H2O) NO(H2O)2
  NO(H2O)3 NO
•  Negative e
• O2 - O3- O4- CO4- O- OH- CO3- O2
  - (H2O) HCO3-
•  
•  

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Ionization

• 1-10 nm ( X-Rays)
• 102,7-111,8 nm ?2(1?g)
•   q(z)n(O2(1?g))?0,549?10-9exp(-2,406? 10-20
• N(O2)2,614?10-9 exp(-8,508?10-20N(O2))?
• 121,6 nm ( La ) NO
• GCRs (Heaps, 1978)
•  

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ARM -Atmospheric Research Model
(GCM)(Krivolutsky et al., 2012)

• Altitudes 0-135 ??
• Resolutions vertical 1 km
• longitudinal 100 latitudinal 50
• time step 5 min.
• Paramaterizations
• Heating - ?2, ?3, ?2? (Strobel, 1978 Chou et
  al., 2002)
• IR cooling- ??2, ?3, H2O, N?
• ( Chou et al., 2002 Fomichev, 2003 Kockarts,
  1980),
• IGWs (Lindzen, 1981)
• Planetary waves at lower boundary (S1,2.3)

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Global temperature field for July
(?)(Krivolutsky et al, 2012)
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Zonal wind structure (m/s) for July (Krivolutsky
et. al, 2012)

• Height (km)

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Amplitude of D tidal component in zonal wind
(m/s)
July
(Krivolutsky et al., 2012) Height
(km)

latitude


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Amplitude of SD tidal component in zonal
wind (m/s)
July
(Krivolutsky et al., 2012)
Height (km)
latitude
13
Neutral compounds O3 ( ppmv) January
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Neutral compounds NOy ( ppbv)
January(CHARM-I)
15
Neutral compounds HNO3 ( ppbv) January
(CHARM-I)
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Neutral compounds N2O ( ppbv) January
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Calculated ionization rate by La
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Electron density, 80 km
(number/cm3) 1st
January (0000 UT)
Latitude
Longitude
50

0
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
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IONS electron density, 60 km (number/cm3)
1st January (0000 UT)
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NO (number/cm3) at 80 km 1st January
(0000 UT)
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NO (number/cm3) at 70 km 1st January
(0000 UT)
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O2 (number/cm3) at 80 km 1st January
(0000 UT)
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O2 (number/cm3) at 70 km 1st January
(0000 UT)
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O-2 (number/cm3) at 80 km1st January (0000
UT)
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O-2 (number/cm3) at 60 km1st January
(0000 UT)
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1st January (noon)
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1st January (noon)
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1st January (noon)
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electrons (number/m3) 45 N (noon)
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POSITIVE IONS O2 (number/m3) 45 N (noon)
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POSITIVE IONS H(H2O)4 (number/m3) 45 N
(noon)
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POSITIVE IONS O2H2O45 N (noon)
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• Effects of solar cycle simulated
• with CHARM-I

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Solar cycle in UV radiation(Matthew et al., 2012)
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Solar UV variations (164,5 ??)
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Solar UV spectrum variations used in model runs
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Ozone change () max-min
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Ox change () max-min
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HOx change () max-min
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NOy change () max-min
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Simulated changes in electron density ()between
max. and min. of solar cycle(January)
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Simulated changes in NO ()between max. and
min. of solar cycle (January)
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Simulated changes in NO (H2O) ()between max.
and min. of solar cycle (January)
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Simulated changes in O2 ()between max. and
min. of solar cycle (January)
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Concluding remarks

• 1. It seems that CHARM-I reproduces ion and
  neutral composition well.
• 2. UV variations disturb neutrals ( ozone etc)
  and ion composition due to its interactions.
• 3. Solar cycle in ionization was included
• only by La , Lß
• 4. Effect of particles will be included.

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Thank you for your attention!