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Characteristics of Web Ontology

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Title: Characteristics of Web Ontology


1
Characteristics of Web Ontology
  • Ontology
  • Web Ontology
  • ??????
  • Ontology ???
  • DL????,??
  • A Web of Ontologies ????

step1
step2
step3
references
2
Ontology
  • Ontology ???,????? being????????????ontology
    ??????,???????????,?????????????beings,???beings??
    ??????
  • Ontology is the theory of objects and their ties
    . An ontology is a specification of a
    conceptualization
  • An Ontology ?????????,?????????,????????????

3
Ontology ? ???????????
  • ??Ontology ???????,???????????,????????
  • ????????,
  • ?????????????????????,
  • ??,???????,???????,???????,????,?????????,
  • ????????????,
  • ?????,?????????,??????????
  • ??? ??????????????????
  • ?????????,???????,??????

4
??,????????,??????
  • ??? ?? ?? ??, ??google ??,
  • ???? 30 ?????????????
  • ?ontology ????????
  • ??????,???????????????????????

5
Dangdang
google
6
An Ontology ????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????????,? ??????? ???
  • ????????????,? ?????????????,?????????,??????????
    ??????,??,????????????????????,
  • ?????????
  • Metadata?,??????????????,??????????????ontology
  • ??????????????,???????????????????????,--????

7
???????
  • ??ontology , ????????????????,???????????????????,
  • ??????,??,????????????????????,????????
  • ?is-a?part-of????,???????
  • ???????,????????????????,????,???? ,???????
    ?????????????????????????????,??,Bob ? Alice
    ?????????????

8
Ontology ?????
  • Ontology ????????????,?????????,?????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ontology ? OO (?????????)????????
  • OO (?????????) UML ????????????,?????????,????????
    ?????????
  • ontology (???) OWL ?????????????,???????????????
    ???????????,??????????,

9
UML ? OWL????
return
10
Web Ontology-- ?ontology??????????,???????????
???????????
  • Web Ontology ,??????????(?????)???,?
    ????????????,????????, ??Web Ontology?????????????
    ????
  • Web Ontology ??????????,???????????,????????
  • ?? Yahoo ?????????????????????????,??Yahoo
    hierarchy,
  • ?,Dublin Core??????????????metadata(Content
    ,Intellectual Property ,Instantiation)

11
Web Ontology
  • Web Ontology ???????????????????????????????????
    ???????,????????????
  • ??????????????????(???????),??????????????????????
    ????,??tag(tag?????)??,????????ontology?????????,?
    ???????????????????????

12
??Web Ontology???
  • Web portal,?????????????????????ontologies????????
    ,????????????????????
  • ??,????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
    ,?????????????????????,???????????,????????
  • ??????,?????????????????????????????????,?????????
    ?????

13
Web Ontology???????
  • ?????(?????????????????????),
  • ???????????????????????,
  • ??????????????,????????,???????????,??

return
14
???? Web Ontology
  • ??Web Ontology
  • ????????(?? ???????????)????(??concept ),
  • ????????? terms,
  • ?????definitions?????????relationships
  • ????,??,???,??,???????????,
  • ????,??,??,????,???,??????
  • ?????????????,?????????????
  • Ontology ?????Web????,???????????????????????,????
    ????

15
Ontology ???,????????????,DL????
  • ??????????????
  • ? class ???? ??
  • ??? atomic class,
  • ??? cmpsite class,
  • ?? role ????,??,????
  • ?? atomic role,?-?
  • ?? inverse rolev,?-?

16

??????DL,?????????????,????,???????????????
  • ?????,
  • ??, ????? ???????---- ???????????
  • ?? cmpsite class?????,???????,
  • ????????????????????????????????????????????,??
    ??????????????
  • ????????
  • ????atomic role, ??????depend(_,_)
  • ???inverse role, ?????depend -(_,_)
  • ??, ??????R?S?

17
?1, ?????ontology (??DL??)
  • ????ontology ?????
  • ?????????????
  • ????,????????,???????
  • ???????????
  • ???? ?? ????
  • ???? ?? ??
  • ??????????????1?
  • ? ????? ????????

18

??2 ?????????????ontology ??,????????DL (ALC )
  • ?????statement
  • ???????constructors
  • ????????,??????????? axiom
    statement,????
  • ???????term. axiom
  • ?????????????assert. axiom
  • Tbox ?????????
  • Abox ?????????? ?????
  • ???????????
  • ? class ???? ??C
  • ???atomic class
  • ??? cmpsite class
  • ?? role ????R
  • ????atomic role
  • ???inverse role

19
????????????
  • ???????constructors
  • ???? ?? n? ??
  • ????? ????
  • ??C????R??? ?R.C ?R.C
  • ????hasChild. FemalePerson ? hasChild.FemalePers
    on
  • hasChild???R, ??????????,?????
  • ????????
  • (gt 3 hasChild) ? (lt 2 hasFemaleRelative)
  • ???????, ??????????
  • ???????????(????)???

return
20
??,Web of Ontologies ????? ? ????????,?????
  • ????? ??????????????,
  • ?????? ??????,
  • ????????????????ontologies???????
  • ??????,???????????,???????,??????
  • ?????????????,??????(knowledge
    chunk),???????????????,?????????,????????????

21
Web Ontology??? ???????,?Web?Ontology???,?????
????
  • Web Ontology??????
  • ????,???Web?????,????????????Ontology?
  • ????,???Web???????,??Web Ontology????????Ontology?
    ????????
  • ????,?????????Semantic Web??,?????????????????????
    ??????
  • Web Ontology??????
  • ?? ?? Ontology
  • Ontology????
  • Web Ontology??????
  • ????browser????
  • ????ontology, ????????????Ontology

22
MetaData?Ontologies??(vocabularies)???
  • Ontologies???????????web page ???????
    interoperation
  • ??,?????A?????????ontology,?????onto-B???,
    ??90?????(tags)?A?????,?10??????
  • ??Ontology??????????,??????,??????????
  • ??Ontology?????????
  • ???????????????,????????,
  • ?????????Ontologies ?????,??,?????

23
??,???????????,??????
  • ??? ?? ?? ??
  • ?????????????????????

??
??
IS-A
IS-A
IS-A
??????
??
??
??
PART-OF
???
IS-A
IS-A
????
??
????
24
References 01
  • Reference
  • Asunción Gómez Pérez. 2002 Deliverable 1.3 A
    Survey on Ontology Tools. OntoWeb Consortium, 31
    May 2002. http//www.ontoweb.org/download/delivera
    bles/D13_v1-0.zip.
  • Chalendar, G. Grau, B., 2000. SVETLAN A
    system to classify nouns in context. In
    Proceedings of the First Workshop on Ontology
    Learning (OL-2000) in conjunction with the 14th
    European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
    (ECAI 2000). August, Berlin, Germany.
  • Fikes , R. Hayes, P. Horrocks,I, 2002. DQL
    - A Query Language for the Semantic Web.
    Knowledge Systems Laboratory, 2002.
  • Gruber. 1993 Ontolingua A translation approach
    to portable ontology specifications. Knowledge
    Acquisition, 5(2), 199-200
  • Gómez-Pérez, A. 1998 Knowledge Sharing and
    Reuse. In the Handbook of Applied Expert Systems.
    CRC Press. 1998.
  • Jonathan Robie. 2001 The Syntactic Web- Syntax
    and Semantics on the Web. In XML Conference and
    Exposition 2001, December 9-14 2001, Orlando,
    Florida, USA.

25
References 02
  • Maedche, A. Staab, S. 2000. Mining Ontologies
    from Text. In Dieng, R. Corby, O. (Eds).
    EKAW-2000 - 12th International Conference on
    Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management.
    October 2-6, 2000, Juan- les-Pins, France. LNAI,
    Springer.2000
  • Michael Sintek, Stefan Decker,2002 TRIPLE---A
    Query, Inference, and Transformation Language for
    the Semantic Web. International Semantic Web
    Conference (ISWC), Sardinia, June 2002.
  • Natalya F. Noy, Deborah L. McGuinness 2001
    Ontology Development 101 A Guide to Creating
    Your First Ontology technical report. 2001
  • Ning Zhang, Hong Chen, Yu Wang, Shi-Jun Cheng,
    and Ming-Feng Xiong. 2003. Odaies
    Ontology-driven Adaptive Web Information
    Extraction System. In IEEE/WIC International
    Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology 2003,
    Halifax, Canada. 2003
  • RACER http//www.cs.concordia.ca/faculty/haarsl
    ev/racer/
  • TOVE 2003 http//www.eil.utoronto.ca/enterprise-
    modelling/tove/
  • Uschold, M. Grüninger, M. 1996 ONTOLOGIES
    Principles, Methods and Applications. Knowledge
    Engineering Review. Vol. 11 N. 2 June 1996.
  • Y. Sure, M. Erdmann, J. Angele, S. Staab, R.
    Studer, and D. Wenke. 2003. OntoEdit
    Collaborative ontology engineering for the
    semantic web. In International Semantic Web
    Conference 2002 (ISWC 2002), Sardinia, Italia.
    2003
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