Title: Characteristics of Web Ontology
1Characteristics of Web Ontology
- Ontology
- Web Ontology
- ??????
- Ontology ???
- DL????,??
- A Web of Ontologies ????
step1
step2
step3
references
2Ontology
- Ontology ???,????? being????????????ontology
??????,???????????,?????????????beings,???beings??
?????? - Ontology is the theory of objects and their ties
. An ontology is a specification of a
conceptualization - An Ontology ?????????,?????????,????????????
3Ontology ? ???????????
- ??Ontology ???????,???????????,????????
- ????????,
- ?????????????????????,
- ??,???????,???????,???????,????,?????????,
- ????????????,
- ?????,?????????,??????????
- ??? ??????????????????
- ?????????,???????,??????
4??,????????,??????
- ??? ?? ?? ??, ??google ??,
- ???? 30 ?????????????
- ?ontology ????????
- ??????,???????????????????????
5Dangdang
google
6An Ontology ????????
- ?????????
- ?????????,? ??????? ???
- ????????????,? ?????????????,?????????,??????????
??????,??,????????????????????,
- ?????????
- Metadata?,??????????????,??????????????ontology
- ??????????????,???????????????????????,--????
7???????
- ??ontology , ????????????????,???????????????????,
- ??????,??,????????????????????,????????
- ?is-a?part-of????,???????
- ???????,????????????????,????,???? ,???????
?????????????????????????????,??,Bob ? Alice
?????????????
8Ontology ?????
- Ontology ????????????,?????????,?????????
- ???????????????????
- ontology ? OO (?????????)????????
- OO (?????????) UML ????????????,?????????,????????
????????? - ontology (???) OWL ?????????????,???????????????
???????????,??????????,
9UML ? OWL????
return
10 Web Ontology-- ?ontology??????????,???????????
???????????
- Web Ontology ,??????????(?????)???,?
????????????,????????, ??Web Ontology?????????????
???? - Web Ontology ??????????,???????????,????????
- ?? Yahoo ?????????????????????????,??Yahoo
hierarchy, - ?,Dublin Core??????????????metadata(Content
,Intellectual Property ,Instantiation)
11Web Ontology
- Web Ontology ???????????????????????????????????
???????,???????????? - ??????????????????(???????),??????????????????????
????,??tag(tag?????)??,????????ontology?????????,?
???????????????????????
12 ??Web Ontology???
- Web portal,?????????????????????ontologies????????
,???????????????????? - ??,????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
,?????????????????????,???????????,???????? - ??????,?????????????????????????????????,?????????
?????
13 Web Ontology???????
- ?????(?????????????????????),
- ???????????????????????,
- ??????????????,????????,???????????,??
return
14???? Web Ontology
- ??Web Ontology
- ????????(?? ???????????)????(??concept ),
- ????????? terms,
- ?????definitions?????????relationships
- ????,??,???,??,???????????,
- ????,??,??,????,???,??????
- ?????????????,?????????????
- Ontology ?????Web????,???????????????????????,????
????
15Ontology ???,????????????,DL????
- ??????????????
- ? class ???? ??
- ??? atomic class,
- ??? cmpsite class,
- ?? role ????,??,????
- ?? atomic role,?-?
- ?? inverse rolev,?-?
16 ??????DL,?????????????,????,???????????????
- ?????,
- ??, ????? ???????---- ???????????
- ?? cmpsite class?????,???????,
- ????????????????????????????????????????????,??
?????????????? - ????????
- ????atomic role, ??????depend(_,_)
- ???inverse role, ?????depend -(_,_)
- ??, ??????R?S?
17?1, ?????ontology (??DL??)
- ????ontology ?????
- ?????????????
- ????,????????,???????
- ???????????
- ???? ?? ????
- ???? ?? ??
- ??????????????1?
- ? ????? ????????
-
18 ??2 ?????????????ontology ??,????????DL (ALC )
- ?????statement
- ???????constructors
- ????????,??????????? axiom
statement,???? - ???????term. axiom
- ?????????????assert. axiom
- Tbox ?????????
- Abox ?????????? ?????
- ???????????
- ? class ???? ??C
- ???atomic class
- ??? cmpsite class
- ?? role ????R
- ????atomic role
- ???inverse role
19????????????
- ???????constructors
- ???? ?? n? ??
- ????? ????
- ??C????R??? ?R.C ?R.C
- ????hasChild. FemalePerson ? hasChild.FemalePers
on - hasChild???R, ??????????,?????
- ????????
- (gt 3 hasChild) ? (lt 2 hasFemaleRelative)
- ???????, ??????????
- ???????????(????)???
return
20??,Web of Ontologies ????? ? ????????,?????
- ????? ??????????????,
- ?????? ??????,
- ????????????????ontologies???????
- ??????,???????????,???????,??????
- ?????????????,??????(knowledge
chunk),???????????????,?????????,????????????
21Web Ontology??? ???????,?Web?Ontology???,?????
????
- Web Ontology??????
- ????,???Web?????,????????????Ontology?
- ????,???Web???????,??Web Ontology????????Ontology?
???????? - ????,?????????Semantic Web??,?????????????????????
?????? - Web Ontology??????
- ?? ?? Ontology
- Ontology????
- Web Ontology??????
- ????browser????
- ????ontology, ????????????Ontology
22MetaData?Ontologies??(vocabularies)???
- Ontologies???????????web page ???????
interoperation - ??,?????A?????????ontology,?????onto-B???,
??90?????(tags)?A?????,?10??????
- ??Ontology??????????,??????,??????????
- ??Ontology?????????
- ???????????????,????????,
- ?????????Ontologies ?????,??,?????
23??,???????????,??????
- ??? ?? ?? ??
- ?????????????????????
??
??
IS-A
IS-A
IS-A
??????
??
??
??
PART-OF
???
IS-A
IS-A
????
??
????
24References 01
- Reference
- Asunción Gómez Pérez. 2002 Deliverable 1.3 A
Survey on Ontology Tools. OntoWeb Consortium, 31
May 2002. http//www.ontoweb.org/download/delivera
bles/D13_v1-0.zip. - Chalendar, G. Grau, B., 2000. SVETLAN A
system to classify nouns in context. In
Proceedings of the First Workshop on Ontology
Learning (OL-2000) in conjunction with the 14th
European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
(ECAI 2000). August, Berlin, Germany. - Fikes , R. Hayes, P. Horrocks,I, 2002. DQL
- A Query Language for the Semantic Web.
Knowledge Systems Laboratory, 2002. - Gruber. 1993 Ontolingua A translation approach
to portable ontology specifications. Knowledge
Acquisition, 5(2), 199-200 - Gómez-Pérez, A. 1998 Knowledge Sharing and
Reuse. In the Handbook of Applied Expert Systems.
CRC Press. 1998. - Jonathan Robie. 2001 The Syntactic Web- Syntax
and Semantics on the Web. In XML Conference and
Exposition 2001, December 9-14 2001, Orlando,
Florida, USA.
25References 02
- Maedche, A. Staab, S. 2000. Mining Ontologies
from Text. In Dieng, R. Corby, O. (Eds).
EKAW-2000 - 12th International Conference on
Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management.
October 2-6, 2000, Juan- les-Pins, France. LNAI,
Springer.2000 - Michael Sintek, Stefan Decker,2002 TRIPLE---A
Query, Inference, and Transformation Language for
the Semantic Web. International Semantic Web
Conference (ISWC), Sardinia, June 2002. - Natalya F. Noy, Deborah L. McGuinness 2001
Ontology Development 101 A Guide to Creating
Your First Ontology technical report. 2001 - Ning Zhang, Hong Chen, Yu Wang, Shi-Jun Cheng,
and Ming-Feng Xiong. 2003. Odaies
Ontology-driven Adaptive Web Information
Extraction System. In IEEE/WIC International
Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology 2003,
Halifax, Canada. 2003 - RACER http//www.cs.concordia.ca/faculty/haarsl
ev/racer/ - TOVE 2003 http//www.eil.utoronto.ca/enterprise-
modelling/tove/ - Uschold, M. Grüninger, M. 1996 ONTOLOGIES
Principles, Methods and Applications. Knowledge
Engineering Review. Vol. 11 N. 2 June 1996. - Y. Sure, M. Erdmann, J. Angele, S. Staab, R.
Studer, and D. Wenke. 2003. OntoEdit
Collaborative ontology engineering for the
semantic web. In International Semantic Web
Conference 2002 (ISWC 2002), Sardinia, Italia.
2003