DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

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DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

• pp. 193-199

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Location

• Prokaryotes floating in cytoplasm
• Eukaryotes wrapped around proteins (like a
  spool of thread) and stored in the nucleus

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DNA

• DNA stores and transmits information to make
  proteins.
• Made of monomers called nucleotides
• Nucleotides combine to make nucleic acids
• Nucleotides?DNA? Genes ? Chromosomes

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Structure

• Double helix like a spiral staircase/twisted
  ladder
• Watson and Crick
• Rosalind Franklin

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• DNA nucleotide has 3 parts (sugar, phosphate,
  and one base) held together by a covalent bond
• 1. phosphate
• 2. deoxyribose a sugar molecule
• 3. nitrogen containing base

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• a. Four types of bases
• adenine A, guanine G, thymine T, cytosine C

b. Purines vs Pyrimidines purines have two
rings of carbon A and G pyrimidines have
one ring of carbon T and C
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Connecting the macromolecule (DNA)
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• rails of the DNA ladder (backbone) are
  alternating sugar phosphates
• Rails of DNA bind in a complementary base pairing
• a. purine bonds with a pyrimidine
• b. A bonds with T and G bonds with C
• Bases are connected by weak forces called
  hydrogen bonds (can unzip DNA)