Inside a Cell

1
Inside a Cell
2
Cell Wall

• Outer layer of a plant cell.
• Rigid to provide structure, like the bricks of a
  house.
• Some materials can pass through holes in the cell
  wall to get in and out of the cell.
• Only plant cells have cell walls.

3
Cell Membrane

• Surrounds the cell.
• Controls what comes in and goes out.

4
Nucleus

• Control center of the cell.
• Like a brain that controls everything the cell
  does.
• Made up of a nuclear envelope, chromatin, and a
  nucleolus.

5
Nuclear Envelope

• Membrane surrounding and protecting the nucleus.
• Like a cell membrane it lets materials in and out
  of the nucleus.

6
Chromatin

• Thin strands inside the nucleus that contain all
  of the instructions for what the cell needs to
  do.
• DNA and chromosomes are here.

7
Nucleolus

• Part of the nucleus where ribosomes are made.

8
Cytoplasm

• Clear, thick, gel-like fluid that fills the
  inside of the cell.
• Material and organelles float around through the
  cytoplasm.

9
Mitochondria

• Organelle that make energy for the cell.
• Food comes into the mitochondria, the food is
  broken down into sugars, the sugars are combined
  with oxygen to make ATP energy storage for the
  cell.
• ATP leaves the mitochondria and goes to other
  organelles to give them energy.

10
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Act like expressways to carry food and proteins
  around the cell quickly.
• Usually found around the nucleus of a cell.
• Usually has ribosomes attached to the surface.

11
Ribosomes

• Protein factories of the cell.
• Reads the instructions from the chromatin inside
  the nucleus.
• According to instructions it pieces together
  amino acids (from food you eat) into long chains
  called proteins.
• There are many types of proteins that perform
  many types of jobs.

12
Golgi Bodies

• Acts as the cells post office.
• Takes material made inside the cell and packages
  it to be shipped to other parts of the cell or
  outside of the cell.

13
Chloroplasts

• Take CO2, H2O, and sunlight, and makes food for
  the cell.
• Only found inside plant cells.

14
Vacuoles

• Cells storage facility
• Stores extra food, materials made by the cell,
  and waste from the cell.

15
Lysosomes

• Recycling center of the cell.
• Breaks down large pieces of food into smaller
  pieces that can be used by organelles.
• Breaks down old cell parts so they can be used
  again.