Introduction to the cell

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Chapter 4.1

• Introduction to the cell

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Robert Hooke

• 1665
• used a microscope to examine a piece of cork.
  (dead cells)
• He described it as consisting of a great many
  little boxes.
• These little boxes reminded him of the small
  rooms in which monks lived, so he called them
  cells

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Anton van Leeuwenhoek

• 1674
• First person to observe living cells
  (single-celled organisms in pond water)
• Dutch microscope maker

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Matthias Schleiden

• 1838
• German botanist
• Concluded that all plants are made of cells

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Theodor Schwann

• 1839
• German scientist
• Concluded that all animals are made up of cells

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Rudolf Virchow

• 1855
• German physician
• Proposed that all cells come from existing cells

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Janet Plowe

• 1931
• demonstrated that the cell membrane is a physical
  structure, not just an interface between two
  liquids

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Lynn Margulis

• 1970
• Proposed the theory that certain organelles were
  once free-living cells themselves
• Theory
• ENDOSYMBIOSIS

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The Cell Theory

• 3 parts of the theory
• All living things are composed of 1 or more cells
• Cells are the basic units of structure function
  in an organism
• Cells come only from the reproduction of existing
  cells

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PLANT CELL!
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ANIMAL CELL!
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Cell Diversity

• Your body contains at least 200 different cell
  types.

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Size of cells

• Cells are limited inside by the ratio between
  their outer surface area and their volume

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Why don't we get Giant Cells?
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Internal Organization

• Organelles- a cell component that performs
  specific functions for the cell.

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Cell Membrane

• Cell membrane- thin membrane surrounding the cell

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Prokaryotes

• Lack a membrane-bound nucleus
• Example all bacteria

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Eukaryotes

• Has a nucleus organelles
• Examples plant and animal cells

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