Cellular Respiration

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Cellular Respiration

• Breaking down food to get energy

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2 Basic Kinds of Respiration

• Aerobic
• Uses O2 to break down food
• Anaerobic
• Takes place without oxygen

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Glycolysis

• All types of respiration begin with glycolysis in
  the cytoplasm
• Glucose, a 6-C molecule, is split into 2 3-C
  molecules called pyruvate
• Energy is released
• 2 ATP
• 2 NADH

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If oxygen is present in cell

• Pyruvate enters the mitochondria, the cells
  powerhouse
• In a of steps called the Citric Acid Cycle,
  pyruvate is broken down
• 6 CO2 molecules are released
• 2 ATP are made
• Electron carriers are made (NADH and FADH2)

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The final step of aerobic respiration is the
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

• ETC requires oxygen to work
• The carrier molecules made in glycolysis and
  Citric Acid cycle are used to power the
  production of ATP
• Up to 34 ATPs can be made
• Water is made as a waste

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Summing up Aerobic Respiration

• Food, usu. glucose, is broken down to make energy
  (ATP)
• Oxygen is needed
• C6H12O6 6 O2 ? 6 CO2 6 H2O ATP Heat

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If no oxygen is present

• Some cells go through Fermentation
• Recycles necessary molecules that allow
  glycolysis to continue
• Only produces a little ATP

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Examples of Fermentation

• Lactic Acid Fermentation
• Occurs in Muscle cells
• Turn pyruvate into lactic acid when they run out
  of oxygen
• Lactic acid causes fatigue and cramping

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• Alcoholic Fermentation
• Yeast
• Turns pyruvate into alcohol- Wine
• Releases CO2 makes bread rise

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