Energy

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Energy
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Mighty Mitochondria
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• The mitochondria are the engines of our cells
  where sugar is burned for fuel and the exhaust is
  CO2 and H2O.

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What molecule do all organisms use to
temporarily store energy?
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
A
P
P
P
High Energy Bond
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P
Adenosine Diphosphate phosphate
Adenosine Triphosphate
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ATP
ADP
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ATP ADP Energy Cycle in the Cell
Cellular Respiration breaks down Glucose and
releases
Energy
ATP Synthase
ADP
ATP
P

Nerve impulses
Muscle Contractions
Energy used for
Hydrolysis
Cell Activities
Respiration
Dehydration Synthesis
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Aerobic Respiration
Enzymes
C6H12O6

6O2
6CO2

6H2O

36ATP
Anaerobic Respiration
(Muscles)
Enzymes
2Lactic Acids
2ATP
C6H12O6

(Bacteria Yeast)
Enzymes
C6H12O6
2CO2
2ATP
2Ethyl Alcohols


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Steps of Respiration
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Glycolysis
Glycolysis
Step 1
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Step 2
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Glycolysis
(Splitting of Glucose)
Enzymes
C6H12O6

2ATP
2Pyruvic Acids

4ATP
2 ATP
Net Gain of ATP
Occurs in Cytoplasm
Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration
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Glycolysis
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Fermentation
Oxygen not available
(Muscles)
Enzymes
2Pyruvic Acids
2Lactic Acids
(Bacteria Yeast)
Enzymes
2CO2
2Ethyl Alcohols

2Pyruvic Acids
No additional energy released!
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Aerobic Respiration Oxygen is available
Krebs Cycle
Enzymes
2Pyruvic Acids

6O2
6CO2

6H2O

32ATP
Occurs in mitochondria
Also called citric acid cycle
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Steps of Respiration
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Glycolysis
Glycolysis
2ATP
Step 1
2ATP
Fermentation
Kreb Cycle
34ATP
0 ATP
Step 2
36ATP
2ATP
Total
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Man's Uses for Anaerobic Respiration
- Cheese
- Buttermilk
- Yogurt
- Alcoholic Beverages
- Bread
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Differences Between




Aerobic
Anaerobic
Oxygen Required
No Oxygen Required
Occurs in Mitochondria
Occurs in Cytoplasm
36 ATP/glucose
2 ATP/glucose
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Linked Processes

• Aerobic Respiration
• Energy-releasing pathway
• Requires oxygen
• Releases carbon dioxide

• Photosynthesis
• Energy-storing pathway
• Releases oxygen
• Requires carbon dioxide

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Autotrophs
Heterotrophs
Food Ingestion
Food Photosynthesis
Use CO2
Release O2 as waste
Energy Respiration
Energy Respiration
Use O2
Use O2
Release CO2 as waste
Release CO2 as waste
Use ATP to maintain homeostasis
Use ATP to maintain homeostasis
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Respiration vs. Photosynthesis