Intro to Respiration

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Intro to Respiration

• An Overview

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What are we learning?

• Why is it important?

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Learning Intention

• Understand how energy is transformed in the cell
  to useable forms

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Cellular Respiration Releases energy by
breaking down glucose and other food molecules in
the presence of oxygen.

• 6O2 C6H12O6 6CO2 6H2O Energy
• Is anything about this equation familiar???

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Almost Everything we need to know is in this
organizer!!!
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In which organelle does Cellular Respiration take
place?

• The Mitochondria

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In which organisms does cellular respiration take
place?

• Plants
• Animals
• Both plants
• and animals

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The steps of Aerobic Respiration

• What does Aerobic mean?
• In the presence of Oxygen
• 3 steps
• 1. Glycolysis (doesnt require O2)
• 2. Krebs Cycle
• 3. Electron Transport Chain

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Glycolysis

• Glucose (A six carbon sugar) is broken down into
  two 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules.
• Requires two ATP molecules.
• Creates 4 ATP molecules and 2 NADPH molecules for
  the electron transport chain.

What is the net ATP production during Glycolysis?
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• In the presence of oxygen
• Pyruvic acid (3 Carbon) from glycolysis is
  further decomposed to Acetyl coA (2 Carbon
  molecule)
• Krebs Cycle
• Acetyl CoA is converted to CO2, and NADH, ATP,
  and FADH2 are recharged.
• Occurs in the mitochondria.
• The end energy tally from 1 Glucose (2 pyruvic
  acids) is
• 6 NADH
• 2 FADH2
• 2 ATP

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What is the main product of the Krebs Cycle that
comes from the complete breakdown of glucose ?
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Electron Transport

• The Krebs Cycle creates high energy electrons.
• These electrons are passed along a series of
  proteins in the mitochondrial membrane.
• The electrons from the 6 NADH are used to form 18
  ATP molecules.
• The electrons from the 2 FADH2 are used to make 2
  ATP molecules.

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One Glucose molecule produces 36 ATP through the
process of Cellular Respiration!!!
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What if no oxygen is present????
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Fermentation

• An anaerobic respiration meaning that oxygen is
  not required.
• Two types of fermentation
• Alcoholic Fermentation
• Lactic Acid Fermentation

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Alcoholic Fermentation

• Used by yeast and a few other microorganisms.
• Produces Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 as wastes.
• Pyruvic Acid NADH
• Alcohol CO2 NAD

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Lactic Acid Fermentation

• Produced in many cells including your muscles.
• Pyruvic Acid NADH
• Lactic Acid NAD
• Lactic Acid is produced during rapid exercise,
  causing a painful, burning sensation. This
  effect is reduced with potassium.

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Cellular Respiration of Glucose Molecule.

• Glycolysis 6 ATP
• Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain 30 ATP
• Grand Total of 36 ATP molecules from 1 Glucose!

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Energy and Exercise

• Quick Energy comes from ATP in the muscle cell
  ready for use.
• a few seconds
• Long Term Energy- cellular respiration provides
  energy for at least 20-30 minutes.
• Fermentation occurs more rapidly so it also kicks
  in.
• After 20-30 minutes, other molecules, such as
  fats or proteins are used for energy.

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Journal

• Explain the differences between aerobic and
  anaerobic respiration?