notes: Succession

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notes Succession

• pp. 405-410

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EARTHS LAYERS

• Geosphere
• Earths rock
• Extends from core to crust
• Hydrosphere
• Earths water layer

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EARTHS LAYERS

• Atmosphere
• Mixture of gases
• 78 N2, 21 O2, 1 other gases (H2O , CO2)

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EARTHS LAYERS

• Biosphere
• Portion of earth that contains life
• 9 km above surface and 11km below surface

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Disturbance

• Events that change communities
• Abiotic Examples droughts, fires, floods etc.
• Biotic Examples elephants tearing up trees,
  prairie dogs moving soil for burrows etc.
• Human examples bulldozing, paving etc.

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Stability

• Ability to withstand a disturbance
• Pattern seen
• ?species richness and ? evenness leads to ?
  stability

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ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

• Sequential and gradual growth of a community

Lichen, moss ? grass, shrubs, ? fast-growth
trees? slow-growth tree
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• Primary succession occurs when community is
  first formed
• Microbes, lichens and mosses must create soil
  before other plants can grow.

Lichen, moss ? grass, shrubs, ? fast-growth
trees? slow-growth tree
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• Pioneer species first species to dominate early
  (small and fast growing)
• Climax Community marked by the domination of
  long-lived species and great diversity

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• Secondary succession occurs after disturbance
  destroys climax community
• Takes place on sites that have already supported
  life

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Which is primary and which is secondary?
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Day Before Eruption
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1980 Eruption
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Today

• http//www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/nat08_vid_tr
  avcom/

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Create a Double Bubble for Primary and Secondary
Succession

• Place the following terms in bubbles
• Takes 100 years
• Takes over 100 years
• Creates an ecosystem
• Makes a new ecosystem
• Makes a pre-existing ecosystem
• Pioneer species
• Disturbance occurred
• Ecosystem expanding
• Makes soil
• Soil already present