Pest Management

1
Pest Management

• Essential Standard 8.00- Compare distinguishing
  chrematistics of pest.

2
Objective 8.01

• Discuss the anatomy and life cycle of pest.

3
What is an insect?

• Small animals that have three body regions and
  three pairs of legs equaling six legs
• Body regions
• head
• thorax
• abdomen

4
Types of Insects

• The five types of mouthparts are important in
  identifying and controlling insects.
• Chewing
• Piercing-sucking
• Rasping-sucking
• Siphoning
• Sponging

5
Chewing Insects

• Insects tear, chew or grind food
• Examples
• grasshopper
• Beetle
• Cutworms
• Caterpillars
• Damage by chewing insects includes tearing,
  chewing, or grinding all parts of the plant

6
Piercing-Sucking Insects

• Punctures plant and sucks the sap usually from
  underside of the leaves or the stem
• Examples
• Aphids
• Mealy bugs
• Mites
• Scale
• whiteflies
• Damage causes yellow spotted leaves which result
  in stunted growth

7
Rasping-Sucking insects

• Rasps or breaks surface and sucks sap
• Example
• thrips
• Damaged plant tissue becomes speckled and white

8
Siphoning insects

• Have a coiled tube they dip into liquid food such
  as nectar and draw it in
• Example
• butterflies
• Siphoning insects do little to no damage to the
  plant

9
Sponging Insects

• Have two sponge-like structures that collect
  liquid food and move it into the food canal
• Example
• houseflies
• Sponging insects can carry germs or diseases that
  can damage plants

10
Life Cycles

• Complete metamorphosis has four stages
• egg
• larva-worms or caterpillars
• Pupa- resting stage
• adult-flies, beetles, etc.

11
Life Cycles

• Incomplete metamorphosis has three stages
• egg
• Nymph- baby insect
• Adult
• Insects must be killed when they are feeding or
  actively moving on the plant

12
Life Cycles
13
Chewing Insects

• Parts of leaves are eaten away
• beetles
• cutworms
• caterpillars
• grasshoppers

14
Chewing Insects

• Beetles
• eat leaves, stems, flowers, fruit and nuts
• Cutworms
• usually attack stems, but may eat other plant
  parts

15
Chewing Insects

• Caterpillars
• larva of moths and butterflies
• fuzzy or hairy
• eat young leaves and stems
• roll up in leaves making leaves curl
• Grasshoppers
• eat all parts of plants

16
Sucking Insects

• Aphids
• Leaf bugs
• Mealy bugs
• Scale
• Thrips
• Whiteflies

17
Aphids

• Pierce and suck juices
• known as plant lice
• cause stunted growth and yellow spotted leaves
• causes sticky substances and black mold
• will attract ants

18
Aphids
19
Leaf Bugs

• Cause plants to look unhealthy
• plants will lose their normal color and wilt

20
Leaf Bugs
21
Mealy Bugs

• Pierce and suck from underside of leaves and in
  leaf axils causing yellow appearance and sticky
  secretions

22
Mealy bugs
23
Scale

• Appear as black or brown raised lumps attached to
  stems and underside of leaves causing yellow
  leaves and stunted growth

24
Scale
25
Thrips

• Chew and then suck causing plant tissue to become
  speckled or whitened, leaf tip to wither, curl
  up, or die

26
Thrips
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Whiteflies

• Feed on underside of young leaves causing
  yellowing
• will look like flying little white specks when
  plants are shaken

28
Whiteflies
29
Mites

• Attack underside of leaves causing gray to
  grayish-green spots
• severe infestations cause webbing

30
Mites