COSC 393 - Wireless Networks

1
COSC 393 - Wireless Networks

• Bala Kalyanasundaram

2
Relevant Text (for reference)

• Wireless Communications Principles Practice.
  Rappaport, Prentice Hall, 1996.
• Wireless and Personal Communications Systems.
  Garg and Wilkes, Prentice Hall, 1996.
• Wireless Personal Communications Systems.
  Goodman, Addison-Wesley, 1997.
• Bluetooth Revealed. Miller and Bisidikian,
  Prentice Hall, 2001.

3
Outline

• Historical Overview
• What happens when you make a call?
• Developments in US and Europe

4
Communication

• Acoustical
• Optical
• Mechanical
• Electrical
• wired
• wireless

5

• Use of light as communication
• heliographs, flags (semaphore), ...
• 150 BC smoke signals for communication(Greece)
• 1794, optical telegraph, Claude Chappe
• Electromagnetic Wave
• 1831-79 Faraday and Maxwell demonstrates
  electromagnetic induction and theory of
  electromagnetic fields
• H. Hertz (1857-94) demonstrates the wave
  character of electrical transmission through space

6
Attributes of Telecommunication

• Speed
• - Ability to transmit in real-time
• Coverage
• - Regional, National and International
• Reliability
• Cost
• - 1860s 20 word telegram 5-100
• Security

7
High Tech of 19th Century

• 1850 First submarine line
• 1858 First transatlantic cable
• - breaks after 3 month
• 1866 Higher quality cable
• - London to Bombay in 4 ½ mins.
• 1924 Telegram around the world in 80 secs.

8

• 1896 Guglielmo Marconi
• first demonstration of wireless telegraphy
• long wave transmission, high transmission power
  necessary ( 200kw)
• 1907 Commercial transatlantic connections
• huge ground stations (30 by100m antennas)
• 1915 Wireless voice transmission NY - SF
• 1920 Discovery of short waves (lt 100m) by Marconi
• reflection at the ionosphere
• (cheaper) smaller sender and receiver, possible
  due to the invention of the vacuum tube (1906,
  Lee DeForest and Robert von Lieben)

9

• 1920 First commercial radio broadcast in Pgh.
• 1928 many TV broadcast trials
• 1933 Frequency modulation (E. H. Armstrong)
• 1935 First telephone call around the world
• 1958, then 1972 A-Netz and B-Netz in Germany
• analog, 160MHz, connection setup from the fixed
  network too (but location of the mobile station
  has to be known)
• 1974 FCC allocates 40Mhz for Cellular telephony
• 1982 Start of GSM-specification in Europe
  (Global System for Mobile communication)
• 1983 Start of the American AMPS (Advanced
  Mobile Phone System, analog)
• 1984 CT-1 standard (Europe) for cordless
  telephones

10

• 1986 C-Netz in Germany
• analog voice, 450MHz, hand-over possible, digital
  signaling, automatic location of mobile device
• still in use today (as T-C-Tel), services FAX,
  modem, X.25, e-mail, 98 coverage
• 1991 Specification of DECT
• Digital European Cordless Telephone (today
  Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications)
• - 100-500m range, 120 duplex channels,
  1.2Mbit/s data transmission, voice encryption,
  authentication
• 1992 Start of GSM
• fully digital, 900MHz, 124 channels
• automatic location, hand-over, cellular
• roaming in Europe - now worldwide in more than
  100 countries
• services data with 9.6kbit/s, FAX, voice, ...

11

• 1994 E-Netz in Germany
• GSM with 1800MHz, smaller cells, supported by 11
  countries
• 1996 HiperLAN (High Performance Radio Local Area
  Network)
• standardization of type 1 5.15 - 5.30GHz,
  23.5Mbit/s
• recommendations for type 2 and 3 (both 5GHz) and
  4 (17GHz) as wireless ATM-networks (up to
  155Mbit/s)
• 1997 Wireless LAN - IEEE802.11
• IEEE-Standard, 2.4 - 2.5GHz and infrared, 2Mbit/s
• already many products (with proprietary
  extensions)
• 1998 Specification of GSM successors
• for UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication
  System) as European proposals for IMT-2000

12
wireless LAN
cordlessphones
cellular phones
satellites
1980CT0
1981 NMT 450
1982 Inmarsat-A
1984CT1
1983 AMPS
1986 NMT 900
1987CT1
1988 Inmarsat-C
1991 D-AMPS
1991 CDMA
1989 CT 2
199x proprietary
1991 DECT
1992 GSM
1992 Inmarsat-B Inmarsat-M
1995/96/97 IEEE 802.11, HIPERLAN
1993 PDC
1994DCS 1800
1998 Iridium
2005? MBS, WATM
analog
2005? UMTS/IMT-2000
digital
13
(No Transcript)