Accident Prevention Manual

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• Accident Prevention Manual
• for Business Industry
• Engineering Technology
• 13th edition
• National Safety Council

Compiled by Dr. S.D. Allen Iske, Associate
Professor University of Central Missouri
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CHAPTER 3

• CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES
• Supplementary Information

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Machinery and Equipment

• Variety of machines and equipment required for
  projects and it changes routinely
• Qualified individual to inspect and ensure a safe
  operational state
• Re-inspect as appropriatedaily, weekly, monthly,
  quarterly, etc.

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Machinery and Equipment (Cont.)

• Maintain all inspection files onsite for the
  project.
• Defective equipment must be properly repaired and
  maintained for use.
• Only designated, trained, qualified personnel
  should operate equipment and machines.
• Use all equipment within specifications and never
  leave it unattended.

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Trucks and Equipment

• Operate trucks and equipment properly
• Obey signs and know the sites layout
• Prevent exposures to fumes from vehicles to
  workers
• Enforce safe driving regulations
• Use preventive measuresblades down, block
  wheels, use emergency brakes, etc.
• Safeguard equipment
• Watch for slips, trips and falls
• Prevent debris, gas, oil, grease, and
  contaminated rags from accumulating

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Repairs

• Repair all broken equipment and machines
• Shut down all hazardous equipment for repairs
  lockout and de-energize
• Post Do Not Operate signs for equipment that is
  out of service due to required repairs
• Prevent injuries during work

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Demolition of Structures

• Facility personnel complete minor demolition
• Specialists are required for major or special
  demolition projects
• Protect adjacent property and the public
• Comply with all regulations check for
  hazardsflammables, asbestos, hazardous waste,
  electrical hazards, hazardous chemicals, gases,
  explosives, etc.

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Excavation

• In excavation work, management must do a careful
  survey of the site to evaluate potential hazards
  involving structures.
• A special contractor should be hired for
  excavation work done within or adjacent to a
  building or done lower than wall or column
  footings or machinery and equipment foundations.

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Safety ItemsExcavation

• Imposed loads
• Soil structure
• Hydrostatic pressures
• Underground utilities, process lines
• Establish need for sheet piling, shoring, bracing
• Isolation of area for open trenches
• Removal of debris and soil
• Walkways and traffic over trenches
• Exits
• Monitor air for gases and hazards

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Ladders and Scaffolds

• Construction of all ladders and scaffolds should
  conform to the provisions or the appropriate
  state or provincial or local codes.
• Workers should have a safe access to the
  scaffold, and the structure should be inspected
  and tested regularly.

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Safety ItemsLadders

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• Employees must use PPE.
• Do not ride loads or hooks or balls.
• Do not work close to electrical lines unless
  insulated.
• Use fall protection.
• Use cables or braces to hold steel while
  erecting.

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Scaffolds and Scaffolding

• A scaffold is an elevated working platform for
  supporting personnel and materials.
• A scaffold is a temporary structure for
  construction or maintenance.
• Made of wood or metal

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• Protection from falls
• Railings
• Toeboards
• Plankings
• Fall arrest systems

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Scaffolds

• Competent person in charge of selection,
  erection, and dismantling of scaffolds
• Designed, constructed, inspected, and maintained
  in accordance with manufacturer directions and
  specifications
• Repair or replace as required if damaged prior to
  use
• Safe and convenient access to platform
• Railings 42 in.

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Fall Protection

• OSHA 1926.503 Training Requirements
• Workers trained in fall protection and hazards
• Site specific
• Actual work to be done
• Site conditions
• Sequence of work
• Layout of the workplace elements

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Personal Fall Arrest System

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Hoists On Construction Sites

• Never permit personnel to ride on a material
  hoist that is in operation.
• All hoists should have a good signal system and
  be guarded to prevent material from falling on
  workers.
• Post load capacities, operating speeds, and
  special hazard warnings or instructions on cars
  and platforms.

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Hoists

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Temporary Heating Devices

• A qualified employee should be placed in charge
  of all temporary heating equipment to ensure safe
  operation and to keep the equipment in good
  working order.
• Proper placement and service
• Safe clearance from combustible materials
• Safe fuel storage and refueling
• Ventilation and gaseous contamination and oxygen
  deficiency precautions

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Fire Protection

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Process Safety Management

• Specific process safety management rules apply to
  projects for maintenance, repair, turnaround,
  major renovation, or specialty work conducted on
  or adjacent to equipment that involves the use of
  the highly hazardous chemicals listed in OSHA
  General Industry Standard 1910.119, Appendix A.
• Owner must supply contractor with a formal hazard
  assessment plan (specific training requirements)
  or cooperatively develop a plan with the
  contractor for hazards, identify safe work
  practices and verifiable adherence to plan.