PROPERTIES OF WATER

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PROPERTIES OF WATER
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PROPERTIES

• cohesion
• adhesion
• surface tension
• specific heat capacity
• heat of vaporization
• density
• viscosity
• universal solvent

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Cohesion, Adhesion, Surface Tension

• cohesion causes water to be attracted to itself
  (clinging of like molecules)
• it is a result of waters polarity
• adhesion causes water to be attracted to another
  substance (clinging of unlike molecules)
• it will make hydrogen bonds with molecules of
  other surfaces
• surface tension is the capacity of a substance to
  withstand being ruptured when placed under
  tension or stress
• it is the result of cohesion
• it is a measure of the strength of the waters
  surface
• animation
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vOuDP9-TA7dg

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Cohesion and Surface Tension
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Adhesion
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Specific Heat Capacity

• specific heat capacity is the measure of heat
  required to raise the temperature of one gram of
  a substance one degree Celsius
• waters specific heat capacity is among the
  highest of all known substances
• water changes state when it gains or loses heat
  this requires a lot of heat energy
• water will resist temperature change, both for
  heating and cooling
• example
• ocean water is warmer in August than in June, as
  it takes a long time to heat up

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Heat of Vaporization

• the amount of energy required to convert water
  from a liquid to a gas
• as water evaporates, it removes a lot of heat
  with it
• water has a high heat of vaporization
• Water vapor forms a kind of global blanket
  which helps to keep the earth warm. Heat radiated
  from the sun-warmed surface of the earth is
  absorbed and held by the vapor.

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Density

• the density of water is the weight of the water
  per its unit volume
• density mass/volume
• water is less dense as a solid, than as a liquid
• Liquid Water Solid Ice

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Density cont.

• water is most dense at 4C
• it gets less dense (lighter) as it warms or cools
• dense things will sink, if it is less dense it
  will float
• if objects volume displaces an amount of water
  equal to the weight of an object, it will float
  (ex. steel ships float in water)
• icebergs are made of pure water and will float

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Density
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Viscosity

• water has a low viscosity
• it will flow more easily
• this has an effect on the currents

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Universal Solvent

• a solvent is a substance that dissolves in
  another to form a solution
• more substances dissolve in water than in any
  other chemical

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Water property Explain in words Picture or Description
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