Global History

1
Global History Geography

• Word Association
• Flashcards 3

2
Protestant Reformation

• Martin Luther
• Protests against the Catholic Church
• End of religious unity in Europe

3
Martin Luther 1517

• 95 Theses
• Speaking out about the practice of selling
  indulgences

4
Counter Reformation / Catholic Reformation

• Council of Trent
• Ignatius of Loyola the Jesuits
• Reaffirm Catholic Doctrine but reform a little

5
Zheng He

• Chinese exploration (early 1400s)
• Ended because of Confucian beliefs about trade
• Chinese isolation after exploration ends

6
Ottoman Empire (The Sick Man of Europe in the
1800s)

• Spread out over parts of eastern Europe and the
  Middle East
• Islamic Empire
• Suleiman the Lawgiver

7
Motives for European Exploration (Old
Imperialism) Gold, God, Glory

• Need for a new trade route to Asia after
  Constantinople falls to the Ottomans in 1453
• Desire to find riches and spices
• Spread Christianity
• Curiosity about the world that was stimulated by
  the Renaissance

8
European Explorers1500-1600s

• Columbus Discovers (Encounters) the Americas
• Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigates the world
• Da Gama and Dias travel around Africa to get to
  Asia

9
Aztec Empire

• Located in present day Mexico and Central America
• Highly advanced and unified under one leader
• Taken over by the Spanish and Cortes Spanish
  more technologically advanced

10
Slavery in the New World

• First slaves were Indians, but too many died from
  disease (smallpox)
• Africans replace the Indians
• Arabs, African and Europeans involved in the
  Slave Trade

11
Inca Empire

• Located in present day Peru
• Highly advanced
• Taken over by the Spanish and Pizzaro Spanish
  more technologically advanced
• Machu Pichu
• Terrace farming, road system

12
Mercantilism

• Economic theory developed and practiced by
  European countries during the1500s-1700s
• Main objective increase the amount of bullion
  (gold silver) a nation possesses favorable
  trade balance
• Led to an unequal trade relationship between the
  parent countries and the colonies

13
Triangular Trade

• Between Europe, Africa the Americas
• Middle Passage between Africa and the Americas

14
Encomienda System

• Practiced in the Americas and enforced by the
  Europeans
• Exploited the native workers / forced labor

15
Absolutism1500s-1700s

• Government is dominated by one person usually a
  king or queen
• Examples Louis XIV, Ivan the Terrible, Phillip
  II, Akbar the Great, Charles II
• Ideal of Absolutism developed by Jaques-Benigne
  Bossuet

16
Theory of Divine Right

• Similar to Mandate of Heaven in that it was
  believed that ruler received authority to rule
  from God
• Most absolute rulers believed in the Theory of
  Divine Right
• Idea of Theory of Divine Right developed by
  Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

17
Thomas Hobbes

• People were naturally (born) bad
• Believed in absolutism
• Strong central government

18
John Locke

• Believed in Natural Rights life, liberty and
  property and protection of them (social contract)
• People were naturally (born) good
• People have the right to overthrow a government
  if it doesnt protect their natural rights

19
Magna Carta1215

• First document to limit the power of the English
  king

20
Scientific Revolution1500s-1600s

• Involved thinkers like Copernicus, Newton
  Galileo
• Thinkers focused on nature and how it worked
• Heliocentric (sun-centered) theory developed

21
English Revolution 1689

• Also known s the Glorious Revolution
• Limited the power of the monarchy of England
• Made Parliament as powerful as the English king

22
Enlightened Despots

• Examples Maria Theresa Catherine the Great
• Absolute rulers who also worked to improve their
  subjects lives

23
Enlightenment1500s 1600s

• Involved thinkers like Rousseau, Montesquieu, and
  Voltaire
• Also known as the Age of Reason
• Spoke out against absolutism / influenced
  revolutions laid the groundwork

24
Causes of the French Revolution 1789-1799

• Inspired by the success of the American
  Revolution and the ideas of the Enlightenment
• Plight of the 3rd Estate / unfair social system
• France almost bankrupt

25
Latin American Revolutions of the 1800s

• Important Individuals Simon Bolivar, Touissant
  LOverture Jose De San Martin
• Caused by the inequalities especially in land
  ownership, inherent in the colonial system
• No unification of South America due to different
  cultures
• Inspired by French American Revolutions

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Effects of the French Revolution

• Rise of Napoleon
• Development of Nationalism
• Inspired Latin American Revolutions

27
Congress of Vienna ( Held 1814-1815 during
Napoleons last days)

• Main goals compensation, legitimacy, and
  balance of power
• Reactionary in Nature wanted to turn things in
  Europe back to the way they were before the
  French Revolution
• Prince Klemons von Metternich

28
Nationalism

• The desire to have ones own independent nation
  (Nationalist Movements)
• Love and devotion to ones nation
• Ultra-Nationalism examples Hitlers Germany,
  Mussolinis Italy