Women

1
Womens movements of the 1960s
2
1960s
3
Background

• The Women's Rights Movement of the 1960s was a
  second wave of activism.
• The women's movement of the 1960s drew
  inspiration from the civil rights movement
• It was made up of members of the middle class
• It was also caused by the sexual revolution of
  the 1960s
• Sparked by the development of the birth-control
  pill in 1960

Martin Luther King Jr. giving his"I Have A
Dream, 1963
4
Background Cont

• Sexual assault and domestic violence became
  central targets of women's activism
• The crime of rape begins to increase in numbers
• Rape is sex without consent, both legally and
  socially
• Susan Brownmiller's book, Against Her Will,
  examines the history of rape
• Feminists work to create domestic violence
  shelters and rape crisis hotlines

5
National Organization for Women (NOW)

• Founded in 1966.
• Founded by a group of people, including Betty
  Friedan, and Rev. Pauli Murray.
• The first African-American woman Episcopal
  priest.
• Betty Friedan became the organization's first
  president.

6
NOW (cont.)

• The goal of NOW is to bring about equality for
  all women.
• They campaigned to gain passage of the ERA
  amendment at the state level.
• Issues NOW deals with
• works to eliminate discrimination and harassment
  in the workplace, schools, and the justice
  system.
• secure abortion, birth control and reproductive
  rights for all women
• end all forms of violence against women
• eradicate racism, sexism and homophobia
• promote equality and justice in society.

7
Rachel Carson

• May 27th, 1907- April 14th, 1964

• Wrote the controversial book, Silent Spring
• It says that pesticides are destroying wildlife
  and endangering humanity.

May 27th, 1907- April 14th, 1964
8
Betty Friedan

• Wrote the book, Feminine Mystique in 1963.
• In her book, she depicted the roles of women in
  industrial societies.
• She focused most of her attention on the
  housewife role of women.
• She referred to the problem of gender roles as
  "the problem without a name".
• The book became a bestseller and was the cause
  for the second wave of feminism in the 60s.

Feb. 4th, 1921- Feb. 4th, 2006
9

• The problem that has no namewhich is simply the
  fact that American women are kept from growing to
  their full human capacitiesis taking a far
  greater toll on the physical and mental health of
  our country than any known disease.
• -- Betty Friedan

10
Shirley Chisholm

• November 30, 1924 to January 1, 2005

• In 1968 Shirley Chisholm of New York was the
  first black woman elected to the House of
  Representatives.

11
First national Commission on the Status of Women

• President Kennedyestablished the firstnational
  Commissionon the Status of Women in 1961.
• In 1963 the commission issued a report detailing
  employment discrimination, unequal pay, legal
  inequality, and insufficient support services for
  working women.

12
Equal Pay Act 1963

• It is the first federal law prohibiting sexual
  discrimination.
• In 1963 the average female workers wages in the
  United States were equivalent to 58.9 of the
  average male workers earnings.
• It abolished wage differences based on sex.
• No employer having employees subject to any
  provisions of this section section 206 of title
  29 of the United States Code shall discriminate,
  within any establishment in which such employees
  are employed, between employees on the basis of
  sex by paying wages to employees in such
  establishment at a rate less than the rate at
  which he pays wages to employees of the opposite
  sex in such establishment for equal work on
  jobs --
  Equal Pay Act

13
The Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Passed in 1964.
• It banned discrimination on the basis of color,
  race, national origin, religion, or sex.
• Section VII set up the Equal Employment
  Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce the act.

14
Presidential Executive Order 11246

• It was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on
  September 24th, 1965
• It prohibited bias against women in hiring by
  federal government contractors.
• Prohibits federal contractors and federally
  assisted construction contractors and
  subcontractors, who do over 10,000 in Government
  business in one year from discriminating in
  employment decisions on the basis of race, color,
  religion, sex, or national origin."

15
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

• Estelle Griswold was the executive director of
  Planned Parenthood League.
• The case involved a Connecticut law that
  prohibited the use of contraceptives.
• Ruled that the Constitution protected a right to
  privacy.
• Found that Connecticut should allow married
  couples to use birth control.

Chief Justice Earl Warren (top), Estelle Griswold
(right)
16
The End
17
Works Cited

• http//www.pptpalooza.net/PPTs/AHAP/AHAPStudentPro
  jects/WomensMovement1920sAnd1960s-PaigeZ.ppt

Paige Z. Ahap KLM Horace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
18
Works Cited

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• 1928 Olympics. 1928. Amsterdam. The Holocaust. 1
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• Corbis-Bettmann. Rachel Carson. 1963. Carson,
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  lthttp//www.legacy98.org/move-hist.htmlgt.

19
Works Cited Cont

• "Equal Rights Amendment." National Organization
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  lthttp//www.now.org/issues/economic/eratext.htmlgt.
  
• "Flapper Culture Style." The Jazz Age. 2001. 1
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• Graduation. 1926. Historical Timeline of the
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• Griswold V. Connecticut. Warren Court. 7 June
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• Lewis, Jone J. "Women's History." About.Com.
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• Mount, Steve. "U.S Constitution- Amendment 19."
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• "NOW." National Organization for Women. 4 June
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• "Sports Track Field--the 1928 Olympics."
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• "The Equal Pay Act of 1963." Essortment. 2002. 5
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• Tranter, John. Mother, NéE Anne Katherine Brown,
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