Congressional Reconstruction

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Congressional Reconstruction

• Aim Was the Radical Republican plan for
  Reconstruction too harsh on the South?

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I. Congressional Reconstruction

1. Some Radical Republicans (Stevens, Sumner)
   advocated land redistribution in the South
2. Civil Rights Act (1866) required an end to
   legal discrimination against African Americans
3. Johnson vetoed Congress overrode his veto
4. Military Reconstruction Act divided the ten
   rebellious states into five military districts
   with Union generals in charge of political reform
5. Johnson vetoed Congress overrode his veto

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II. Impeaching President Johnson

• Congress enacted the Tenure of Office Act in 1867
  
• Johnson fired Sec of War Edwin Stanton
• Congress impeached Johnson, bringing him up on
  formal charges (House) and trying him (Senate)
• Johnson was not convicted
• Checks and balances

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III. Reconstruction Amendments

• 13th Amendment Abolished Slavery
• 14th Amendment Guaranteed citizenship, due
  process, and equal protection under the law for
  African Americans
• 15th Amendment Allowed African American males
  the right to vote (suffrage)