Bell Work Friday 3/14

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Bell WorkFriday 3/14

• Look in your book beginning on page 651
• to find the answers
• 1. Why were members of the Third Estates
  dissatisfied with life under the Old Regime?
• 2. How did Louis XVIs weak leadership contribute
  to the growing crisis in France?
• 3. How did the purpose of the meeting of the
  Third Estates-General change in 1789?

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The French Revolution and Napoleon

• Chapter 23

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Section 1-The French Revolution Begins
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The Old Order

• The Old Regime-The social and political system in
  France during the 1700s
• The people were divided into three large classes
  called estates

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The Old Order

• The First Estate-
• Made up of members of the clergy of the Roman
  Catholic Church
• Scorned Enlightenment Ideas
• The Second Estate-
• Made up of rich Nobles who held the highest
  offices in government
• Disagreed about Enlightenment ideas

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The Old Order

• The Third Estate-
• Included bourgeoisie, urban lower class, and
  peasant farmers
• Had no power to influence government
• Resented the wealthy First and Second Estates

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The Forces of Change

• Economic Troubles in France-
• Taxes made it too hard for merchants and
  businesses to make profit
• Factors including the rise in the cost of living,
  wide spread crop failures in the 1780s, and the
  price of bread doubling made life in France hard
• Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette live extravagantly
  and piled up massive debt helping America fight
  England

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Dawn of the Revolution

• The National Assembly-
• The Third Estates delegates were heavily
  influenced by the Enlightenment and eager to make
  changes in government
• Suggested that all three estates meet together
  and that each delegate should get a vote (giving
  them the advantage)
• The Third Estates became the National Assembly
• This action was the first deliberate act of
  revolution

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Dawn of the Revolution

• Tennis Court Oath-The Third Estate broke in and
  promised to stay in the indoor tennis court until
  a new constitution was drafted

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Dawn of the Revolution

• Storming the Bastille-
• It took place on July 14th, 1789
• Mobs stormed the prison after rumors emerged that
  Louis was using military forces against the
  National Assembly
• Attackers killed the prison commander and several
  guards
• They put their heads on spikes in the streets
• This became the great symbolic act of revolution
• Bastille day is celebrated like our 4th of July

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The Great Fear Sweeps France

• The Great Fear-
• Peasants were afraid that the nobles had hired
  outlaws to terrorize them
• As a result the peasants went into the homes of
  nobles with pitchforks and farm tools destroying
  the old legal papers that forced them to pay
  federal duties
• After the price of bread rose in Oct. 1789,
  peasant women rioted and Louis XVI and Marie
  Antoinette were forced to leave France

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Bell WorkMonday 3/17

• Look in your book beginning on page 656
• to find the answers
• 1. What major reform did the National Assembly
  introduce?
• 2. What did the divisions of the National
  Assembly say about the differences in French
  Society?
• 3. How did the Reign of Terror come to an end?

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SSR Log Monday 3/17

• Please sit quietly with your desks cleared and
  have your pencil/pen ready for SSR

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SSR Log Monday 3/17

• Please take two minutes to discuss our SSR
  article with your table mates.
• When you receive your SSR One-Pager please read
  the directions and select and circle five
  sentence stems to help complete the activity

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Section 2-Revolution Brings Reform and Terror
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The Assembly Reforms France

• The Rights of Man-
• A set of revolutionary ideas drafted by the
  National Assembly
• Said men are born and remain free and equal in
  rights
• Life, liberty, security, and resistance to
  oppression
• The document guaranteed equal justice, freedom of
  speech, and freedom of religion

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The Assembly Reforms France

• A State-Controlled Church-
• Members of the National assembly focused on
  reforming the church
• Church lands were confiscated saying church
  officials should be elected and paid by the state
  
• Catholic Church lost land and political
  independence
• The selling of church lands helped pay off
  Frances debt

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Divisions Develop

• Legislative Assembly-
• Legislative body who had the power to create laws
  and approve or reject declarations of war
• The king could still enforce laws

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Divisions Develop

• Old issues caused the Legislative Assembly to
  split into three factions
• Radicals-
• Wanted massive gov. changes, opposed monarchy
• Moderates-
• Wanted only some changes to gov.
• Conservatives-
• Liked the idea of limited monarchy and only
  wanted a few gov. changes

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War and Execution

• France at War-
• As usual the war begins badly for France
• By summer of 1792 Prussian forces were advancing
  on Paris
• Aug 10th, 1792-
• 20,000 men stormed the Tuileries and captured
  Louie, Marie Antoinette and the kids
• Angry protesters raided the prisons and killed
  over 1,000 prisoners

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War and Execution

• France at War-
• National Convention-
• September 21st, 1792
• New government of France
• Disposed of the King
• Dissolved the National Assembly
• Made France a republic
• Adult males were given the right to vote and hold
  political office

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War and Execution

• Jacobins-
• Radical members of the political organization
  that brought sweeping changes into the French
  Government
• Jean-Paul Marat-
• Jacobin writer who called for the deaths of those
  who still supported the king
• Guillotine-
• Quick and efficient way of beheading a criminal
• Louis XVI was executed this way

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Terror Grips France

• Reign of Terror-
• July 1793, Maximilien Robespierre became the
  leader of the Committee of Public Safety and
  ruled like a dictator
• During this time nearly 40,000 citizens were
  killed
• Including George Danton and Marie Antoinette
• 85 were peasants
• Reign of Terror ended in July 1794 with
  Robespierres capture and execution

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Bell WorkTuesday 3/18

• Please take out your notes/study guide and with
  your elbow partner review all of the information
  for our test covering Chapter 23 Sections 1 and
  2.

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Bell WorkTuesday 3/17

• Look in your book in Chapter 23 Sections 1 and 2
  and begin re-reading to find the answers
• 1. What was the Great Fear that swept through
  France in the late 1700s? (Section 1)
• 2. What three factions did the Legislative
  Assembly split into after France adopted a new
  constiturion? (Section 2)
• 3.How does a guillotine work? Why was it viewed
  as a more humane way to die? (Section 2)

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Bell WorkWednesday 3/18

• Look in your book beginning on page 663
• and begin reading to find the answers
• 1. How did Napoleon become a hero in France?
• 2. What did Napoleon consider his great triumph
  in domestic policy?
• 3. How was Napoleon able to control the countries
  neighboring the French empire?

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Section 3-Napoleon Forges an Empire
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Napoleon Seizes Power

• Napoleon Bonaparte-
• Born in 1769 on the Island of Corsica
• Sent to military school at 9 years old
• He became a lieutenant in the French artillery at
  16
• Upon his return from Egypt he led a coup d etat
• When the council dissolved he named himself
  dictator
• His first goal was to restore order in France

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Napoleon Rules France

• The Plebiscite-
• A vote of the people that gave Napoleon all real
  power
• Napoleon Supported
• Changes from the revolution
• Laws that would strengthen the central gov. and
  achieve the goals of the revolution

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Napoleon Rules France

• Napoleon also
• Set up an effective banking system
• Tried to end to gov. corruption
• Set up Lycees-Gov. ran public schools
• Students came from all backgrounds
• Relived jobs based on performance
• Napoleonic Code-A uniform set of laws that ended
  many injustices
• Promoted order over individual rights

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Napoleon Creates an Empire

• 1804-Napoleon crowned himself emperor
• This symbolized his power over the church
• Napoleon's Goals-
• Wanted to control all of Europe
• Re-establish French dominance in the Americas
• He thought the key was the sugar producing colony
  of Saint Domingue

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Napoleon Creates an Empire

• Loss of American Territories-
• The people of Saint Domingue led by Toussaint
  LOuverture demanded the same rights as French
  citizens
• Napoleon failed to overtake them
• 1803-Napoleon offers to sell the Louisiana
  Territory for 15 million

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Napoleon Creates an Empire

• Napoleon was extremely successful in battle
  during the early part of his reign
• Britain, Russia, Austria, and Sweden joined
  forces against France but could not beat them
• His victories allowed him to build the largest
  empire since the Romans
• His only real challenge was Britain's navy

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Napoleon Creates an Empire

• The Battle of Trafalgar-
• The only major battle Napoleon lost
• This naval defeat had two lasting effects
• It assured Britain naval supremacy for the next
  100 years
• Napoleon abandoned his plans of invading Britain
  

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Napoleon Creates an Empire

• By 1812 the only countries in Europe not
  controlled by Napoleon were
• Britain, Portugal, Sweden and the Ottoman Empire
• His empire existed at its greatest extent from
  1807 to 1812
• Napoleons grand ambitions became his undoing

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Bell WorkMonday 3/23

• Look in your book beginning on page 668
  and begin reading to find the answers
• 1. How did Great Britain combat Napoleons naval
  blockade?
• 2. Why did Napoleon have trouble fighting enemy
  forces in the Peninsular War?
• 3.Why was Napoleons delay of the retreat from
  Moscow such a great blunder?

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• Daily Objective-3/23/2015
• Content Objective
• SWD creation of the major battles under Napoleons
  leadership and the reasons why Napoleons desire
  for power became his greatest downfall through
  compiling information in student led guided notes
• SWD creation of the reasons for the downfall of
  Napoleon and his major military failures by
  organizing information in thinking maps
• Language Objective
• Students will read and record the major battles
  under Napoleons leadership and the reasons why
  Napoleons desire for power became his greatest
  downfall by creating student centered guided
  notes
• Students will record the reasons for the downfall
  of Napoleon and his major military failures
  through creating a different thinking map for
  each section that will help to organize their
  newly acquired knowledge

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Section 4-Napoleons Empire Collapses
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Napoleons Costly Mistakes

• Napoleons desire for power became his greatest
  downfall
• Napoleon made three major mistakes in his quest
  to crush Britain and expand France
• The Continental System
• The Peninsular War
• The Invasion of Russia

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Napoleons Costly Mistakes

• The Continental System-
• Napoleon set up a blockade to prevent trade
  between Britain and Europe
• Two Goals
• Make continental Europe self-sufficient
• Destroy Britains commercial and industrial
  economy
• Frances blockade was weak
• British ships made it to Europe
• French and Neutral ships were stopped by
  Britains blockade
• U.S. frustrated and declared war on Britain (War
  of 1812)

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Napoleons Costly Mistakes

• The Peninsular War-
• In his attempt to get Portugal to accept the
  Continental system Napoleon sent troops through
  Spain
• Removed the Spanish king
• The people worried he would weaken the Catholic
  church
• Peasant fighters called guerrillas killed 300,000
  of Napoleons men
• A growing sense of nationalism in European
  nations became a powerful weapon against Napoleon

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Napoleons Costly Mistakes

• The Invasion of Russia-
• Napoleon decided to invade Russia in 1812
• Russian czar refused to stop selling to Britain
• Scorched-earth policy-
• Russia burned all the grain fields and killed all
  the live stock in Frances path so there would be
  nothing to eat
• Russia and France met at the Battle of Borodino
• The entire Russian campaign cost Napoleons Grand
  Army 410,000 soldiers

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Napoleon's Downfall

• Napoleon Suffers Defeat-
• Britain, Russia, Prussia and Sweden joined forces
  against Napoleon
• In April 1814 Napoleon accepted the terms of
  surrender and gave up his throne
• Napoleon was given a small pension and exiled to
  the island of Elba

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Napoleon's Downfall

• The Hundred Days-
• Napoleon's last bid for power
• Napoleon escaped from Elba on March 1st, 1815
• Crowds joyfully greeted him and helped him
  re-capture the French throne
• Waterloo-
• June 18th, 1815British and Prussian forces
  defended their ground and defeated Napoleon's
  forces
• Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena where he died 6
  years later

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Marking Period 5 Extra Credit

• Tissues 1 box 5 pts.
• Loose Leaf Paper 1 pack 5 pts
• Hand Sanitizer 1 bottle 5 pts
• Pencils 1 pack 5 pts
• Total of 15 summative points can be brought in
  (So 3 items)
• Due Friday 3/27/2015

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Bell WorkTuesday 3/24

• Look in your book beginning on page 672
• and begin reading to find the answers
• 1. What were the three main points of
  Metternichs plan for Europe?
• 2. Why was the Congress of Vienna considered a
  success?
• 3. What was the long-term legacy of the Congress
  of Vienna?

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Chapter 23-Section 5- The
Congress of Vienna
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Metternichs Plan for Europe

• The Congress of Vienna-
• 8 month conference with the goal of establishing
  a new European order consisting of collective
  security and sensibility for the whole continent
• The Five Great Powers-
• Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain and France

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Metternichs Plan for Europe

• Klemens von Metternich-
• Austrian foreign minister who held three goals at
  the Congress of Vienna
• Surround France with strong countries to prevent
  further aggression
• Create a balance of power so no one would
  threaten each other
• Restore the royal families Napoleon removed

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Metternichs Plan for Europe

• The Containment of France-
• Kingdom of the Netherlands was established
• German Confederation was created out of 39 German
  states
• Switzerland was recognized as an independent
  nation
• The Kingdom of Sardinia was strengthened by the
  addition of Genoa

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Metternichs Plan for Europe

• Legitimacy-
• Policy that restored as many rulers as possible
  that Napoleon had removed to their thrones
• Ruling families of France, Spain, several states
  in Italy and Central Europe regained their
  thrones
• The Congress of Vienna marked the 1st time an
  entire continent came together to decide
  political affairs

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Political Changes Beyond Vienna

• Conservative Europe-
• The Holy Alliance-
• Agreement in which Russia, Austria, and Prussia
  would base their relations with other countries
  on Christian principals
• Concert of Europe-
• An agreement between several European nations
  that ensured they would help each other in the
  event a revolution occurred

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Political Changes Beyond Vienna

• Revolutions in Latin America-
• The Creoles (Spanish American colonists)
  overthrew Spain's control in Mexico
• Brazil declared their independence from Portugal
  (Sept. 1822)
• Long Term Legacy
• France was weakened but Britain and Prussia grew
  in power
• Nationalism spread and led to new revolutions

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Chapter 23 Section 3-5 Review
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Chapter 23 Section 3-5 Review
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Chapter 23 Section 3-5 Review
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Chapter 23 Section 3-5 Review
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Exit Ticket Tuesday 3/26

• Please answer the following questions a half
  sheet of loose leaf paper
• 1. Are there any areas of Chapter 23 Section 3-5
  we reviewed today that are still confusing?
• 2. What kinds of things are you going to do to
  help improve your study habits for this quiz?