Northern Renaissance Art

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The Northern Renaissance
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• Italian Renaissance mainly secular
• Northern a mixture of secular and Christian
  attitudes.
• Northern Humanism- Tried to unite classical
  learning and Christian faith, called Christian
  humanist.
• Hated the worldliness of church excess
• wanted a balance of afterlife and secular
  concerns
• emphasized bible readings
• wanted to reform church, but also maintain
  church.
• Will lead to Luthers reformation
• Christian Humanist used education to rescue
  church.
• Printing Press- Gutenberg invented movable type.
  Printed mainly the biblehelp spread Renaissance
  ideas along trade routes throughout Europeexcept
  Russia

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Writers

• Erasmus- (1466-1576) prince of the humanists
  and voice of moderation. Wrote Praise of
  Folly (1512) that ridiculed societys attitudes,
  such as ignorance, greed and superstition. Famous
  intellectualcalled for tolerance. Erasmus laid
  the egg that Luther hatched.books placed on the
  Index of Prohibited Books
• Thomas More- greatest English humanist. Wrote
  Utopia about a flourishing society with no
  private ownership, ignorance or superstition. A
  satire of 16th C Europe about living better. Very
  radical!!!
• William Shakespeare- wrote about entire range of
  human experience and emotions.
• Cervantes-wrote Don Quixotegreatest novel
  ever written about medieval chivalry.
• Rabelais- wrote Gargantua' about giants who
  believed in unrestrained lives and having many
  pleasures.
• Montaigne- wrote Essay about religious
  skepticism and human behavior.

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Renaissance Art in Northern Europe

• Should not be considered an appendage to Italian
  art.
• The differences between the two cultures
• Italy ? change was inspired by humanism with its
  emphasis on the classical antiquity.
• Northern Europe ? change was driven by religious
  reform, the return to Christian values, and the
  revolt against the authority of the Church.
  Tendancy toward realism.
• Both have an attention to details.
• Northern Renaissance focused on religious scenes,
  portraits, peasants and landscapes.

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Flemish Realism
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Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife(Wedding
Portrait) Jan Van Eyck (1395 1441) 1434
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Jan van Eyck - Giovanni Arnolfini His Wife
(details)
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Massys The Moneylender His Wife, 1514
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France
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Chateau Fontainebleau

• Gallery right by Rosso Fiorentino Francesco
  Primaticcio
• 1528-1537

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Germany
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Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)

• The greatest of German artists.
• ? Self-Portrait at 26, 1498.

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Dürer Self-Portrait in Fur-Collared Robe, 1500
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Dürer The Last Supperwoodcut, 1510
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England
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Hans Holbein, the Younger (1497-1543)

• One of the great German artists who did most of
  his work in England.
• Erasmus Writing, 1523 ?
• Henry VIII was his patron from 1536.

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Artist to the Tudors
Henry VIII (left), 1540 and the future Edward VI
(above), 1543.
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• Anne of Cleves

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Holbeins, The Ambassadors, 1533
A Skull
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The English Were More Interested in Architecture
than Painting
Hardwick Hall, designed by Robert Smythson in the
1590s, for the Duchess of Shrewsbury more
medieval in style.
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Burghley House for William Cecil
The largest grandest house of the early
Elizabethan era.
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The Low Countries
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Bruegels, Hunters in the Snow, 1565
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Bruegels, Winter Scene, 1565
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Bruegels, The Harvesters, 1565
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Spain
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El GrecoChrist in Agony on the Cross1600s
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El GrecoPortrait of aCardinal1600
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El Grecos, The Burial of Count Orgaz, 1586-1588
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El Grecos, The Burial of Count Orgaz, 1586-1588
(details)
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El GrecoThe View of Toledo 1597-1599