Unit C 4-4:

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Unit C 4-4

• Basic Principles of Agricultural/Horticultural
  Science

Reminder student learning activities are at the
end of this power point.
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Lesson 4

• Identifying Plant Types and Uses

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Next Generation/Common Core Standards Addressed!

• MS-LS1-6. Construct a scientific explanation
  based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis
  in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into
  and out of organisms. Clarification Statement
  Emphasis is on tracing movement of matter and
  flow of energy. Assessment Boundary Assessment
  does not include the biochemical mechanisms of
  photosynthesis.
• MS-LS2-5. Evaluate competing design solutions for
  maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services.
  Clarification Statement Examples of ecosystem
  services could include water purification,
  nutrient recycling, and prevention of soil
  erosion. Examples of design solution constraints
  could include scientific, economic, and social
  considerations.
• WHST.6-8.2 Write informative/explanatory texts to
  examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and
  information through the selection, organization,
  and analysis of relevant content. (MS-LS1-6)

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Agriculture, Food and Natural Resource Standards
Addressed!

• PS.02. Apply principles of classification, plant
  anatomy, and plant physiology to plant production
  and management.
• PS.02.01. Classify plants according to taxonomic
  systems.
• Sample Measurement The following sample
  measurement strands are provided to guide the
  development of measurable activities (at
  different levels of proficiency) to assess
  students attainment of knowledge and skills
  related to the above performance indicator. The
  topics represented by each strand are not
  all-encompassing.
• PS.02.01.01.a. Identify and summarize systems
  used to classify plants based on specific
  characteristics.

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Bell Work!

• Describe plant science and its three major areas.
• Identify common field crops and their uses.
• Define horticultural crops and describe their
  uses.
• Describe forestry and forest products.

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Terms

• Agronomy
• Cereal grain
• Crown
• Fiber crops
• Field crops
• Floriculture

• Food crop horticulture
• Forest crops
• Forestry
• Grain crops
• Horticultural crops
• Interiorscaping

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Terms Continued

• Landscape horticulture
• Oil crops
• Olericulture
• Ornamental horticulture
• Plant science

• Pomology
• Sucrose
• Sugar crops
• Taxol
• Tree farms
• Trunk

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Plant Science and its three major areas

• Plant Science the study of structure,
  functions, growth, and protection of plants.
• 3 areas of plant science
• Field Crops
• Horticultural Crops
• Forest Crops

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Field Crops

• Plants grown in large fields used for oil, fiber,
  grain, and similar products.
• They are often grown for their seed, such as corn
  and wheat.
• Agronomy the specialized area of plant science
  that deals with field crops.

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Horticultural Crops

• Plants grown for food, comfort, and beauty.
• In some cases, horticulture overlaps with field
  crops.
• However, in most cases, horticultural crops are
  not grown on vast areas of land.

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Forest crops production of trees

• Forestry includes growing trees and the
  production of wood, food, and medicinal products.
• Some forest crops are grown on tree farms or
  cultured forests.
• Careful thought and planning goes into the
  production of forest crops on tree farms.

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Common field crops and their uses

• Grain crops
• Sugar and oil crops
• Fiber crops

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Grain Crops

• Plants grown for their edible seeds, does not
  include horticultural crops.
• Cereal grain is the seed of grass type plants
  grown for food and animal feed.
• Grain and cereal crops include rice, corn, wheat,
  oats, barley, rye, and sorghum.

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Sugar and Oil Crops

• Are produced for two important commodities
• sweeteners
• vegetable oil.

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Sugar Crops source of sucrose

• Sucrose commonly used as table sugar or as a
  sweetener in foods and beverages.
• It is a carbohydrate that provides energy for the
  human body.
• The major sugar crops are sugar cane and sugar
  beets.

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Oil Crops

• Plants grown for the vegetable oil contained in
  their seeds and fruit.
• The seeds of about 40 crops are used to make oil.
  
• Soybeans, corn, and cotton are the most common
  oil crops.
• Other oil seeds include sunflowers and peanuts.

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Fiber Crops

• Are grown for the fiber produced in their fruit,
  leaves, or stems.
• Fibers are tiny, threadlike structures used in
  making cloth and paper.
• Crops grown for fiber include cotton and flax

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Cotton and Flax

• Cotton is the major crop grown for fiber.
• Flax is also grown for fiber.
• It is the subject of considerable research
  because of its potential in making paper.

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Horticultural crops and their uses

• Two major areas of Horticulture
• Ornamental
• Food crop production

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Ornamental Horticulture

• Growing and using plants for their beauty.
• It includes
• floriculture
• landscape horticulture.

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Floriculture

• The production and use of plants for their
  flowers and foliage.
• Roses and chrysanthemums are examples of
  floriculture crops.

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Landscape Horticulture

• Growing and using plants to make the outdoor
  environment more appealing.
• It includes shrubs, lawns, and flowering plants.
• Interiorscaping using plants indoors to create
  an attractive environment.
• Offices and malls often use plants to increase
  the appeal of their surroundings.

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Food crop horticulture

• Growing plants for food.
• Is divided into two areas
• Olericulture
• Pomology

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Olericulture

• The science of producing vegetable crops like
  tomatoes, peppers, asparagus, and broccoli.
• It is carried out on a large scale in warmer
  areas of the country like South Florida, Texas,
  and California.
• In New Mexico most commercial vegetable
  production takes in the lower Rio Grande valley
  in the Las Cruces, Hatch and Deming area.

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Pomology

• The science of producing fruits and nuts.
• It includes growing, harvesting, and marketing
  the crop.
• Common pomology crops include oranges, lemons,
  apples, cherries, pecans, and walnuts.

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Forestry

• The art and science of managing forests to yield
  maximum forest products and services.
• It is the managing of forest lands to meet human
  needs.

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Forest Products - Crown

• The crown of the tree is the upper portion of the
  tree.
• The crown produces such items as fruits and nuts,
  decorations, and oils.

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Forest Products - Trunk

• The trunk is the main stem of the tree. It is
  used in producing lumber and other wood products.
  
• The trees bark is also used in producing oils,
  dyes, and drugs.
• The bark of the Pacific Yew is used in making the
  drug taxol, which holds promise in treating
  cancer.

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Forest Products Stumps/Roots

• Tree stumps are used in making veneer wood
  products.
• They are also used in producing turpentine, pine
  oil, and resin.
• Tree roots are used in the production of tea,
  oil, and turpentine.

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Review / Summary

• What are the three major areas of plant science?
• What are the uses of common field crops?
• What are the uses of horticultural crops?
• What are common products that are derived from
  trees?

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The End!
NEXT Student Learning Activities
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Student Learning Activities

• Sample tests are available in the Lesson Plan
  tab.

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Name _____________________
Fill in the boxes with the name of the tree part.
Fill in the arrows with the products/ use of that
part of the tree.
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KEY
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Jeopardy

• Identifying plant types and uses

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Plant Science Field Crops Oil and Fiber Crops Horticultural Crops Forestry
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Question 1-10

• What are the three major areas of plant science?

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Answer 1-10

1. Field Crops
2. Horticultural Crops
3. Forest Crops

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Question 1-20

• What is plant science?

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Answer 1-20

• Plant science is the study of structure,
  functions, growth, and protection of plants.

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Question 1-30

• What are field crops?

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Answer 1-30

• Field crops are plants grown in large fields used
  for oil, fiber, grain, and similar products.

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Question 1-40

• What is Horticultural crops?

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Answer 1-40

• Horticultural crops are plants grown for food,
  comfort, and beauty.

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Question 1-50

• What are forest crops?

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Answer 1-50

• Forest crops include growing trees and production
  of wood, food, and medicinal products.

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Question 2-10

• What are the 3 common field crops?

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Answer 2-10

1. Grain crops
2. Sugar and oil crops
3. Fiber crops

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Question 2-20

• What is cereal grain?

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Answer 2-20

• Cereal grain is the seed of grass type plants
  grown for food and animal feed.

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Question 2-30

• Give some examples of grain and cereal crops.

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Answer 2-30

• Grain and cereal crops includes
• rice, corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, and
  sorghum.

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Question 2-40

• What are the 2 important commodities that sugar
  and oil crops are grown for?

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Answer 2-40

1. Sweeteners
2. Vegetable oil

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Question 2-50

• What is sucrose?

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Answer 2-50

• Sucrose is commonly used as table sugar or as a
  sweetener in foods and beverages.

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Question 3-10

• What are oil crops?

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Answer 3-10

• Oil crops are plants grown for the vegetable oil
  contained in their seeds and fruit.

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Question 3-20

• About how many seeds are used to make oil crops.

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Answer 3-20

• The seeds of about 40 crops are used to make oil.

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Question 3-30

• What are the most common oil crops?

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Answer 3-30

• Soybeans, corn, and cotton are the most common
  oil crops.

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Question 3-40

• What are fiber crops?

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Answer 3-40

• Fiber crops are grown for the fiber produced in
  their fruit, leaves, or stems.

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Question 3-50

• What are fibers?

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Answer 3-50

• Fibers are tiny, threadlike structures used in
  making cloth and paper.

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Question 4-10

• What are the two major areas of horticulture?

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Answer 4-10

1. Ornamental
2. Food crop production

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Question 4-20

• What is ornamental horticulture?

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Answer 4-20

• Growing and using plants for their beauty.
• It includes floriculture and landscape
  horticulture.

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Question 4-30

• What is floriculture?

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Answer 4-30

• Floriculture is the production and use of plants
  for their flowers and foliage.

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Question 4-40

• What is landscape horticulture?

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Answer 4-40

• Landscape horticulture is growing and using
  plants to make the outdoor environment more
  appealing.

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Question 4-50

• What are the two areas that food crop
  horticulture is divided into and what do they
  mean?

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Answer 4-50

• Olericulture
• The science of producing vegetable crops.
• Pomology
• The science of producing fruits and nuts.

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Question 5-10

• What is forestry?

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Answer 5-10

• Forestry is the art and science of managing
  forest to yield maximum forest products and
  services.

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Question 5-20

• What is the crown of a tree used for and where is
  it located?

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Answer 5-20

• The crown of the tree is the upper portion of the
  tree. The crown produces such items as fruits and
  nuts, decorations, and oils.

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Question 5-30

• What is the trunk of a tree?

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Answer 5-30

• The trunk is the main stem of the tree.

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Question 5-40

• What is the bark of the Pacific Yew used in
  making?

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Answer 5-40

• The bark of the Pacific Yew is used in making the
  drug Taxol, which hold promise in treating
  cancer.

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Question 5-50

• What products are tree roots used to produce?

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Answer 5-50

• Tree roots are used in the production of tea,
  oil, and turpentine.