Portraits

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Portraits

• 3- point studio lighting

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Three-point lighting

• It is a standard method used in visual media such
  as video, film, still photography
• A typical three point setup with a shoulder or
  back-side lamp to create contrast between the
  background and center object so as to give a
  three dimensional appearance.

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Three-point lighting
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Different types of lights

• Key light
• Fill light
• Background lights (also called a rim light)
• Hair light

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Key light

• The main purpose of key lights is to illuminate
  all parts of a subject. The light(s) is set up
  directly in front of the model from where the
  camera is placed
• It shines directly upon the subject and serves as
  its principal illuminator more than anything
  else.
• Softbox, and beauty dish are some of the lights
  that are used as key lights in the studio.
  Outside the sun acts as a key light

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1. It is placed at forty-five degree angle in front
   of the subject and to the side of the camera to
   provide some modeling. 
2. The light is positioned above the subject, but
   not too high, in order to shine into the face of
   the subject.

Key light placement
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Fill light

• The fill lights are used for erasing shadows
  produced by the key lights. They are usually
  placed on either side of the subject. They are
  also set above the head of the subject. Umbrella
  and other similar kind of soft light sources are
  used the purpose
• Instead of a light you can use a reflector to
  fill in the shadows
• a Fill Light should come from a generally
  opposite angle than the Key - if the Key is on
  the left, the Fill should be on the right - but
  don't make all of your lighting 100 symmetrical!
  The Fill can be raised to the subject's height,
  but should be lower than the Key.

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12- good starting point
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How much fill light to give? 11, where the key
and fill are equal intensity. 12 the fill is ½
the intensity as the key 14 the fill is ¼ the
intensity as the key 18 the fill is 1/8 the
intensity as the key 12 is a good starting
point, it produces subtle shadows
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Fill light
Where is the key light in this picture? Where is
the fill?
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Backlights

• The Rim Light (also called Back Light) creates a
  bright line around the edge of the object, to
  help visually separate the object from the
  background.
• From the top view, add a spot light, and position
  it behind your subject, opposite from the
  camera.  From the right view, position the Back
  Light above your subject.

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Adjust the Rim Light until it gives you a clear,
bright outline that highlights the top or side
edge for your subject.  Rim Lights can be as
bright as necessary to achieve the glints you
want around the hair or sides of your subject.
back light
No back light
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Hair light

• A hair light is really important if you are
  shooting a model with dark hair against a dark
  background. Its very easy to lose the model in
  the background without a hair light. But even if
  you dont have a dark-haired model on a dark
  background, hair lights still make a big
  difference in the photo by adding interest and
  highlights to the models hair.
• A hair light is generally placed behind the model
  and about 3 feet above the head, with the light
  angled down and slightly forward to strike the
  top of the head and shoulders.

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With hair light
No hair light
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Example
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What is a catchlight?
See how the bright spot in the subjects eyes?
This is what is known as the catchlight.
Without the eye of the subject catching this
light, the eyes will appear dark, dead and
lifeless. You need to ensure that at least one
eye has a catchlight to give the subject life.
Notice it also lightens the iris and brightens
the eye overall. This also adds to the feeling of
life and gives them a sparkle.
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Broad Lighting VS Short Lighting
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Short (also called narrow) lighting

• Best for most faces- slimming effect
• Subject is angled toward the key light
• Short lighting puts the side turned toward the
  camera in more shadow, making the other side of
  the face turned toward the key light (which is a
  narrow area of light.)
• It is often used for low key, or darker
  portraits. It puts more of the face in shadow, is
  more sculpting, add 3D qualities, and is slimming
  and flattering for most people.

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Short lighting examples
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Broad lighting

• To create broad lighting the face is turned away
  from the light source. Notice how the side of the
  face that is towards the camera has the most
  light (or broad amount) on it and the shadows are
  falling on the far side of the face, furthest
  from the camera. Simply put broad lighting
  illuminates the largest part of the face showing
  toward the camera.

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Broad light examples
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Which one is short, which one is broad?
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Using a light meter

• Set your shutter speed on your camera no more
  than 1/125th of second and no less than 1/60th
• ISO 400

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Press the M button and toggle over to the t
using the left/right arrow which means time value
(shutter speed) Use the up and down arrow keys
to set the light meter shutter speed to the same
shutter speed your camera is on Have the
subject hold the light meter up to their face for
a light reading, you fire off the
strobes Whatever f/stop the light meter tells
you to be on, turn the f/stop to the same one on
your camera