World War I 1914-1918

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World War I 1914-1918

• Industrialization brings global
  interdependence nations depend on each other.
  Isolationism becomes obsolete as militarism,
  nationalism, and imperialism spread.

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1914
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Our Agenda

• Classwork
• Map Europe 1914
• Fill-in countries
• Highlight alliances (create key)
• Homework
• WWI Vocab Monday, 1/10
• WWI, Chapter Outline (fill-in blanks) Tues.,
  1/11
• World War I Quiz (Map, Outline, Notes) Wed.,
  1/12 (this will not be open-note)

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World War I 1914-1918The Great War

• Directions
• Open textbook to p. 704 (Connections)
• 2. Label the countries on the map provided.
• 3. Create a KEY to differentiate among the
  different alliances, and neutral nations.

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Announcements

1. Hand in Guided Reading, Ch. 27, Section 1
2. Quiz Thursday (Geography Ch. 27, Section 1)
   if it snowsFriday.
3. Graphic Organizer, Thurs., 1/13 (even if it
   snows!)
4. Guiding Questions, Tuesday, 1/18

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Your new Global classplay along!
Bob is a friend of Frank. Frank and Rick are
good friends and have agreed that if either is
ever in a fight, the other boy will come to the
rescue. Most of the boys in the class have
obtained weapons in case of a fight. Greg, Ira
and Alan are also good friends and have an
agreement to fight if one is attacked. Frank and
Greg hate each other because Greg beat up Frank a
few years ago. Greg is jealous of Bob because
Bob is a better swimmer on the school team. Sam
and Rick are good friends as their backgrounds
are similar, and Alan is always picking on Sam.
Rick will protect Sam from Alan. Barney is small
in size and gets picked on he has convinced Bob
to help him if he is ever attacked. All the boys
love Cathy each one thinks he is best and
deserves her.

• What will your class feel like? Your thoughts?

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Long-Term Causes of World War I

• Directions
• Visit all 4 stations in the classroom. Each
  station represents a cause of WWI.
• Analyze the sources at each station to determine
  the cause that is being represented.
• Label the cause on the handout provided
  (Title).

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World War I 1914-1918The Great War

• What was the spark that led to the start of
  WWI?
• Who (was involved?)
• What (happened?)
• Where (did it happen?)
• When (did it happen?)
• Why (did it happen?)
• How (did it happen?)

How did this spark lead to a World War? (explain)
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Do Now

1. What is an alliance?
2. Why do people form them?
3. How do people select who they want to make an
   alliance with?
4. Why could alliances be dangerous?

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Homework Due Wed., 1/12Complete graphic
organizer based on todays class activity.

• Directions
• Identify M.A.I.N
• A Definition
• B C Examples

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Do Now

• 1. Why is A-H the Balkan Peninsula known as the
  Powder Keg of Europe?
• 2. Why is the Ottoman Empire known as the Sick
  Man of Europe
• 3. Who started World War I? Defend your answer.

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Causes of WWI
The Spark
Long Term Causes
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The Balkan Peninsula, 1914

• Presence of the AH Empire mixed nationalities
  that resented foreign rule
• Serbia independent
• (desire to unite Slavs)
• Russian interest in Balkan peninsula
• (secret treaty with Serbia)
• Why is Russia interested in the Balkan Peninsula?
• Slavic Brothers, Access to Med Sea
  (militarism/warm water ports)
• 1908 A-H annexes Bosnia/Herzegovina

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Austria-Hungary the Balkan PeninsulaPowder
Keg of Europe

• MANY ethnic groups (Czechs, Romanians, Poles
  Serbs)
• Desire national independence
• Threat to A-H

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The Sick Man of Europe Ottoman Empire

• As nationalism grew, people of Balkan peninsula
  gained independence
• Loss of territory to Russia

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The Spark

• Assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz
  Ferdinand and his wife on June 28th, 1914 in
  Sarajevo (Austrian-Hungary Province)

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Who did it? Gavrilo Princip

• WHO IS HE?
• Bosnian Revolutionary
• Black Hand
• Instrument of Serbian government?

Seal of the Black Hand
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The Austrian Response

• Count Berchtold (Austrian PM)

• Demands must be put to Serbia that would be
  wholly impossible for them to accept.

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GERMANY REACTS
The Blank Check
Confidential - For Your Excellency's personal
information and guidance His Majesty desires to
say that he is not blind to the danger which
threatens Austria-Hungary and thus the Triple
Alliance . The Emperor Francis Joseph (AH) may be
rest assured that His Majesty will faithfully
stand by Austria-Hungary, as is required by the
obligations of his alliance and of his ancient
friendship.
Bethmann Hollweg (German PM)
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The UltimatumJuly 23, 1914

• Suppress anti-AH hostility
• Dismiss anti-AH officials
• Allow AH to investigate assassination within
  Serbia
• Trial in AH courts
• 48 hours to respond
• Must accept all demands or AH declares war
• What do you think Serbia should do? Why?

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German Motives
Kaiser William II
Germany must have its place in the sun. The
world belongs to the strong.
Aggressive Foreign Policy

• The Austrian demands are moderate. Any
  interference by Britain, France, Russia will be
  followed by incalculable consequences.

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Alliance System In Action

• July 28, 1914 A-H declares war on Serbia
• July 29, 1914 Russia mobilizes
• August 1, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia
• August 3, 1914 Germany declares war on France

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German Military StrategyHow do you fight a war
on two fronts?

• Schlieffen Plan Defeat France before Russians
  mobilize
• HOW?
• Fastest Route invade through Belgium August 3,
  1914

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The Schlieffen Plan
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Why did Britain get involved?August 4, 1914

• Belgian Neutrality
• Protected by British
• Britain declares war on Germany
• U.S. neutral Loans Allies gt3 billion

Theres some devilry going on in Berlin. (Sir
Edward Grey British Foreign Secretary)
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Alliances Why?
ALLIED POWERS
CENTRAL POWERS
Naval Race
DEMOCRACIES

• England
• France
• 3. Russia
• 4. Serbia

• Germany
• A-H
• 3. Ottoman Empire

Similar Culture
Arms Race
Lost territory
warm water ports
NATIONALIST TENSIONS
Slavic brothers
Resents Russia Sick Man of Europe
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Talk a Mile A MinuteTopic School
Teacher Student Global History pencil
smartboard notes suspension laughing cutting
study
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Talk a Mile A MinuteTopic WWI
Alliances Militarism Nationalism
Imperialism Sick Man of Europe
Powder Keg Industrialization Serbia
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Talk a Mile A MinuteTopic WWI
Central Powers Allied Powers Serbia
Austria-Hungary Belgium England
Russia Ottoman Empire Germany
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Talk a Mile A MinuteTopic WWI
Gavrilo Princep Black Hand ultimatum
Schlieffen Plan neutral Blank Check
Arms Race Franz Ferdinand alliances
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Talk a Mile A MinuteTopic WWI
warm water ports assassination
serbia ottoman empire nationalism
imperialism central powers militarism
powder keg
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Lets Chat

• What caused WWI to occur?
• What nation should we blame for the war?
• Is the war justified?
• How could WWI have been avoided?
• Should nations follow a policy of isolationism?
  Why? Why not?
• What are the soldiers fighting for? (Name a
  country, rationale)

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Dulce et Decorum Est
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Rupert Brooke The Soldier

• If I should die, think only this of me That
  there's some corner of a foreign field That is
  forever England. There shall be In that rich
  earth a richer dust concealed A dust whom
  England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave, once, her
  flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of
  England's, breathing English air, Washed by the
  rivers, blest by suns of home. And think, this
  heart, all evil shed away, A pulse in the eternal
  mind, no less Gives somewhere back the thoughts
  by England given Her sights and sounds dreams
  happy as her day And laughter, learnt of
  friends and gentleness, In hearts at peace,
  under an English heaven.

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French Troops Resting C. R. W. Nevinson
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Countries TotalMobilized Killed Died Wounded Prisoners Missing TotalCasualties Casualties of Mobilized
Allied Powers            
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000 9,150,000 76.3
France 8,410,000 1,357,800 4,266,000 537,000 6,160,800 76.3
British Empire 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652 3,190,235 35.8
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000 2,197,000 39.1
United States 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,500 364,800 8.2
Japan 800,000 300 907 3 1,210 0.2
Romania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000 535,706 71.4
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958 331,106 46.8
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659 93,061 34.9
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000 17,000 11.7
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318 33,291 33.3
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000 20,000 40.0
Total 42,188,810 5,152,115 12,831,004 4,121,090 22,104,209 52.3
Central Powers            
Germany 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800 7,142,558 64.9
Austria-Hungary 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000 7,020,000 90.0
Turkey 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000 975,000 34.2
Bulgaria 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029 266,919 22.2
Total 22,850,000 3,386,200 8,388,448 3,629,829 15,404,477 67.4
Grand Total 65,038,810 8,538,315 21,219,452 7,750,919 37,508,686 57.6
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Allied Powers Cost in Dollars in 1914-18
United States 22,625,253,000
Great Britain 35,334,012,000
France 24,265,583,000
Russia 22,293,950,000
Italy 12,413,998,000
Belgium 1,154,468,000
Japan 40,000,000
Serbia 399,400,000
Total of all Costs (including other countries involved) 125,690,477,000
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Central Powers Cost in Dollars in 1914-18
Germany 37,775,000,000
Austria-Hungary 20,622,960,000
Turkey 1,430,000,000
Bulgaria 815,200,000
Total of all Costs 60,643,160,000
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