MILITARISM

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• MILITARISM
• The glorification of armed strength
• An arms race develops beginning in the late
  19th century massive build up of military
  weapons this included conscription (a draft)
  - idea is to prevent or deter war by having equal
  strength of you rivals?
• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEW TECHNOLOGY NEW
  WEAPONS

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The assassin Gavrilo Princip A SERBIAN
NATIONALIST Member of the Black Hand Black Hand
extreme nationalist terrorist group dedicated
to the unification of all southern Slavs in the
Balkans into one country led by Serbia
Yugoslavia Motto Unity or Death
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The Balkans The Powder Keg of Europe This
excerpt from 1913 is a message from the British
ambassador to Vienna Serbia will some day set
Europe by the ears, and bring about a universal
war on the Continent I cannot tell you how
exasperated people are getting here at the
continual worry which that little country causes
to Austria under the encouragement from
Russia. it will be lucky if Europe succeeds in
avoiding war as a result of the present crisis.
The next time a Serbian crisis arises I feel
sure that Austria-Hungary will refuse to admit of
any Russian interference in the dispute and that
she will proceed to settle her differences with
her little neighbor by herself.
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Citizens of Vienna with portraits of the two
Kaisers, Wilhelm II and Franz-Josef.
English and French, colors side by side, at the
outbreak of hostilities
banners were flying, music sounded, and in
Vienna I found the entire city in tumult There
were parades in the street, flags, ribbons, and
music burst forth everywhere young recruits were
marching triumphantly, their faces lighting up at
the cheering A city of two million, a country of
nearly fifty million, in that hour felt they were
participating in world history, in a moment which
would never recur All differences of class,
rank, and language were flooded over at that
moment by the rushing feeling of fraternity.
What did the great mass know of war in 1914,
after nearly half a century of peace? they did
not know war It had become legendary, and
distance had made it seem romantic and heroic.
Well be home at Christmas, the recruits
shouted laughingly the young people were
honestly afraid that they might miss this most
wonderful and exciting experience of their lives
that is why they hurried and thronged to the
colors, and that is why they shouted and sang in
the trains that carried them to the slaughter -
Stefan Zweig The World of Yesterday
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Hitler seen cheering in a crowd in Munich on
August 2, 1914 the declaration ...
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The Von Schlieffen Plan Germanys answer to a
two-front war. A swift knockout of France by
going through Belgium (neutral!) and then taking
Paris. Germany can then respond to fight in the
East against the slow to move Russians. Why
doesnt it work? What is the result? Significance
of the Battle of the Marne? No Mans Land?
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All Quiet on the Western Front (The Charge)
(329)
http//www.youtube.com/watch?listPL813BB3BE40151C
F1featureplayer_detailpagevCiq9ts02ci4
World War I Combat in Color 1914-1918 (625)
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vuP_0DkpFOKs
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Men fixing their bayonets before going 'over the
top'.
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The Lancashire Fusiliers fix bayonets as they
prepare to go "over the top" in the Battle of the
Somme, July 1916.
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German dead near the town of Moislain
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Men of the Border Regiment in scrape holes near
Thiepval Wood, July 1916.
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An Australian trench at Messines Ridge.
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Soldiers picking lice from their uniforms
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British infantry knee deep in mud.
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German dead, Flanders, 1917
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German dead in a frontline trench on the Somme,
1916
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Americans burying their dead, Boise de
Consenvoye, France, 8 Nov. 1918
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These French front-line troopers sport the latest
in weapons including a light machine gun and
grenade launcher (1918).
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The 16th Irish and 36th Ulster in the ruins that
were once the village of Wytschaete. Jun-1917.
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U.S. machine gun in action in France
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• A German soldier throws a stick grenade during an
  attack on Allied trenches in 1918. He carries no
  other weapon and is protected by a rifleman who
  carries extra grenades.

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Giant howitzer on a rail mount. The weight of the
mount and gun - 200 tons.
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Schneider Obusiers de 520. This French 520mm
howitzer was the biggest gun of the Great War. It
could deliver a 3,100 lb shell (600 lbs of
explosive) over 10 miles. The gun car was just
under 100 feet long and weighed 290 tons.
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German 17cm gun on rail mount. The recoil
would propel the carriage 100 feet down the
siding.
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A German 38cm gun fires the first shot at Fort
Douaumont in the battle of Verdun.
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Peronne during the Battle of the Somme, 1916
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The ruins of St Quentin
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The city of Vaux, destroyed by the increasingly
destructive weapons of war.
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Canadians get a lift on a British Mark IV. They
wont get where they're going fast - this tank's
top speed was 4 mph.
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This British Mark IV is under new management -
German.
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A French Renault tank. This two man tank had
speed and mobility but could not cross trenches.
The rotating turret could support either a 37mm
cannon or a heavy machine gun.
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American soldier wearing his gas mask
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British driver and horse wearing gas masks
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A French aircraft with two machine guns joined
via a turret
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German submarine U-14
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• THE HOME FRONT
• Prussian General Helmuth von Moltke Wars would
  not end, or be acknowledged to end, until the
  whole strength of its people was broken
• What is Total War? Why was World War I
  considered a Total War?
• Total War a war fought between entire
  societies, and what are other parts of
  definition?
• Features/Characteristics of Total War
  (political, social, economic) What societal
  changes took place?
• Why did a Total War make the process of peace
  so difficult?

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• What was the significance of the sinking of the
  Lusitania?
• unrestricted submarine warfare by the Germans
• Impact on the position of the United States?

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The Battle of the Somme July 1916
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The Battle of Ypres