What

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Whats shaking???S6E5. Students investigate how
the Earths surface is formed
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EARTHQUAKES

• Def the vibrations caused by the breaking of
  rock within Earth

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• Where do earthquakes happen?
• Along faults
• (breaks in Earths crust)

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What causes Faults?

• The movement of plates puts stress on rocks
• After a lot of force, the rocks break and move
  along the faults

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• What are the 3 main types of faults?

1 Normal Faults 2 Reverse Faults 3
Strike-Slip Faults (Earthquakes!)
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How do earthquakes occur?

• Pressure builds up and stresses the rocks
• The rock breaks and moves along the fault

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Types of faults depend on the plate boundaries
and the stress that moves the rock of the
lithosphere.
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• Most stress is at boundaries where plates meet
  because
• The edges of the plates along faults catch
  against each other, lock up, stop the movement,
  and stress builds up!

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What are seismic waves?

• Waves of energy generated by an earthquake
  that travel through earth.

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What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

• The point directly above the earthquake focus is
  the epicenter or where the earthquake began.

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Seismic Waves
The FOCUS is the area beneath Earths surface
where rock that is under stress breaks,
triggering an earthquake.
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• By predicting where an earthquake is likely to
  happen
• People can plan their houses to be farther
  away and/or build seismic-safe structures

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• Richter Earthquake Magnitudes Effects
• Less than 3.5 Generally not felt, but
  recorded.
• 3.5-5.4 Often felt, but only minor damage.
• 5.5-6.0 Slight damage to buildings.
• 6.1-6.9 Can be destructive in areas where
  people live.
• 7.0-7.9 Major earthquake. Causes serious
  damage.
• 8 or greater Great earthquake. Total
  destruction to close communities.

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Earthquake Facts Games

• http//earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/facts.php
• http//earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/
• http//environment.nationalgeographic.com/environm
  ent/natural-disasters/earthquake-profile.html

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• What happens if there is an earthquake in the
  ocean?

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Tsunamis
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• A TSUNAMI
• HUGE ocean waves created by earthquakes that can
  destroy everything in the path.

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Earthquake Resources

• http//www.ecs.csun.edu/shustov/ShakeZone.htm
• http//tlc.discovery.com/convergence/quakes/intera
  ctives/makeaquake.html